1.關于win, defeat, beat和gain
(1)win作“贏”講時，其賓語常是：war, battle, game, match, argument, a victory, the prize,100 yuan, a race, honor for, the praise, the first place…等，而不能是表示人的名詞。
(2) beat及物動詞，后面的賓語是“對手”，表示結果。如：
beat sb. in …在比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、爭論中擊敗某人。
beat him at table tennis在乒乓球賽中擊敗他
(3)defeat sb.在戰(zhàn)斗、戰(zhàn)爭、比賽中擊敗對手。強調暫時行為。如：
defeat the enemy in the war在戰(zhàn)爭中擊敗敵人
(4)gain及物動詞，表示“獲得、贏得所需之物/利益或好處”。如：
gain experience/wealth/a reputation/the time/the marks/the rank/the prize/one’s respect/success/knowledge/one’s living/happiness/a salary/an honor…。
[典例1]Our basketball team____ theirs by a score of 100:98.
A. won B. defeat C. beat D. gained
解析 C近義詞辨析題。根據win不和theirs(their teams)搭配；defeat與sb.連接；gain常有“獲得……”，也不與theirs搭配。只有beat與“(擊敗的)對手”搭配，強調結果，故選C。
5.關于agree
(1)agree 一般用作不及物動詞，因此，其后不能直接帶賓語。如其后跟從句，則可作及物動詞�？筛欢ㄊ�，但不跟不定式的復合結構。
(2)區(qū)別：
①表示“同意某人的看法”。常說：agree
with sb./what sb says。
②表示“適合、合適”。如：
agree
with This climate doesn’t
agree with me.這里的氣候不適合我。
③表示“一致、協(xié)調”。如：
The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.動詞必須與人稱和數保持一致。
agree to 表示“同意(某人的建議、安排、計劃)”。�？烧f：
agree to a plan/an arrange ment/a proposal/a decision.
agree on /upon表示“對……取得一致意見”。如：
They both agreed on the plan,他們兩個都同意這個方案。
[典例9] I don’t _____people smoking all day long.
A. agree B. agree to C. agree on D. agree with
解析 B 考查動詞agree及詞組辨析。agree為不及物動詞，不帶賓語；agree on/upon表示“對……取得一致意見”；agree with表示“同意某人的看法”；agree to 表示“同意(某人的建議、安排、計劃)”，符合句意。
熱點2 常見動詞近義詞辨析
常見動詞近義詞很多，有必要掌握以下常見詞類：
4.關于go
(1)go的過去分詞形式gone多用作表語，意為“(人)不在了、走了”，“(物)丟了、用完了”，如：The necklace was gone.這條項鏈丟了。
Liu Mei is already gone.劉梅已經走了。
比較：He is already gone.(強調無目的)
He has gone.(強調有目的、方向)
(2)go 有“……說的”之意。常用于“the story goes…據說；as the saying goes正如格言所說”。如：As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”正如格言所說，“有志者，事竟成”。
[典例8]As a Chinese old saying______, “Good fortune lies within bad, bad fortune lies within good.”
A. goes B. say C. is said D. is written
解析 A 與本詞條中的含義吻合即用在諺語前表示“……說的、叫做”。
(3)go為終止性動詞，不與表示時間段的狀語連用。(見時態(tài)和語態(tài)專題)
(4)go to常與go to attend意義相同，多與一些表示活動的名詞連用。如：
go to college/a meeting/an English party/a concert/a dance/a film/a lecture/a dinner…等。
(5)注意區(qū)別：
go
on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一個動作
go on to do sth.做完一個接著干另一個
go on with sth.同一事件中斷后又接著做
He
went on speaking of his war experiences.他繼續(xù)說著他的戰(zhàn)爭經歷。
比較He went on to speak of his war experiences.(=He began speaking of them
after he had finished speaking of something else.)他做完了別的之后，又繼續(xù)說他的戰(zhàn)爭經歷。
They went on with their work at the empty loom until late into the night.他們在一張空織布機上不停地工作直至深夜。
(6)其它搭配
go to rest/sleep/bed休息/睡覺
go out for a walk/ride/swim/bath/drive…外出散步/騎車/游泳/洗澡/兜風
go shopping/fishing/shooting/swimming/walking…購物/釣魚/射擊/游泳/散步
go about著手做，從事
go ahead 前進，進行
go all out for sth./to do sth.全力以赴
go in for sth.從事于，酷愛，參加
go over仔細檢查，潤色(文稿)，復習
go through經歷，經受
go up 上漲
3.關于keep
(1)keep用作及物動詞，表示“使……繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)”，其后的賓補可以是：
①現在分詞 如：Don’t keep your mother waiting.別讓你母親再等。
②過去分詞 如：His clothes seemed to be just pulled on to keep him covered.他的衣服像是剛剛拖起來披蓋在自己身上的。
③副詞 如：This helps to keep the cold out.這有助于御寒。
④介詞短語 如：He kept them in the classroom after school.放學后，他讓他們呆在教室里。
⑤形容詞 如：The nurses keep her very clean.護士們將她整理得非常整法。
(2)keep作系動詞，意為“保持、繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)”。如：keep silent/quiet/cool/fit…
(3)keep doing 與keep on doing
①表示“決心、毅力、頑強意志力和強調動作的反復”時，多用keep on doing 。
如：Don’t give up hope, keep on trying.別放棄希望，要不斷努力。
②表示持續(xù)狀態(tài)常用keep doing 。如：
We’ve kept hoping to go to college. 我們一直希望上大學。
③keep/keep on一般都不能與表示短暫性動作、心理狀態(tài)或結果的動詞連用。
如：常不用keep(on)standing/sitting/beginning/leaving 。
[典例6]Keep ______after meals, then you’ll be in good health.
A. walking B. sleeping C. standing D. sitting
解析 A keep doing的特殊用法。此種結構一般都不能與表示短暫性動作、心理狀態(tài)或結果的動詞連用。而sleeping ,standing, sitting都是表示短暫性動作的動詞。故選A。
(4)其它搭配
keep back 阻止，落在后面
keep…out (of)使……在外，不讓……入內
keep away 不接近，避開
keep …from 阻止，抑制，避免于
keep off 讓開，不接近
keep up 堅持，繼續(xù)，保持，(斗爭)不低落
keep up with跟上，趕上，不落后于
keep in touch with與……保持聯絡
[典例7]We read the newspaper every day to ______the present affairs.
A. keep up B. keep up with
C. catch up with D. keep in touch with
解析 B keep詞組考查題。根據句意：我們每天讀報是為了跟上當前形勢。keep up 堅持；keep up with跟上，趕上；catch up with 趕上，逮捕；keep in touch with 與……保持聯絡。只有B項與句意吻合。
2.關于consider
(1)作“考慮”講時，可跟名詞/代詞/從句或跟連接代詞/副詞+to do或跟動名詞連用。如：
Have you considered how to get there?你考慮過如何去那里了嗎？
He considered going to see them in prison.他考慮去監(jiān)獄探試他們。
(2)作“認為……，把……當作”講時，consider+賓語+賓補，作賓補的可以是名詞/形容詞/不定式(不定式完成式)。如：
I consider him to be a fool.我把他當作一個傻子看待。
(3)注意結構：consider it + n/ adj. + to do sth.
I consider it necessary to study English.我認為學英語很有必要。
(4)consider…(as)…表示“把(某人或某物)看作……”。如：
Most people considered him as a hero.多數人把他看成一個英雄。
[典例5] Many things_____ impossible in the past are common today.
A. considering B. to consider
C. considered D. being considered
解析C 動詞consider的非謂語考查形式。剖析其結構：Many things are common today.為主句。considered 是過去分詞短語作定語修飾many things, impossible在被動語態(tài)中為主語補足語。適用于“consider+賓語+賓補”結構。故選C
1.關于make
(1)make當“做、制造”解時，可跟雙賓語，間接賓語用for 引導。如：
He’ll make me a kite.=He’ll make a kite for me.他將給我制作一個風箏。
(2)make通常與一些表示動作的名詞連用。如：
① make a study/trip/promise/movement/statement/dive/request/change/fire/demand/
speech/report/face/plan/success/living/difference
②make an explanation/experiment/excuse/effect/apology…to sb
③ make preparations/progress/room…for sb
④ make one’s way/bread tea coffee/up one’s mind/no answer
(3)make作使役動詞時,表示 “使……做某事、使……成為“，可跟復合結構，其中的賓補可以是：
①形容詞：They are trying to make our country beautiful.他們在努力使我們的國家變得美麗。
②名詞：I would make you king over the earth.我會使你灰飛煙滅地球之王。
③過去分詞：What made him so frightened?什么使他如此害怕？
④省去to 的不定式：The boy made faces just to make the other students laugh.這個男孩做鬼臉只是為了使其他孩子發(fā)笑。
注意：make在被動語態(tài)中一定要接帶to的不定式。如：
No one is ever made to be hero.沒有天生的英雄。
[典例1]The regulations were made_____ children after the accidents.
A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. to be protected
解析 B 在句中因為make用的是被動語態(tài)，故其后一定要接帶to的不定式，作主語補足語。
⑤構成：make it +adj. +to do sth./that-clause使(做)某事成為……。
[典例2]The manager, ______it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us ,left the meeting room.(2005·江西卷)
A. who has made B. having made
C. made D. making
解析 B 關于make用法的考查。根據句子結構分析可以判斷，主句為：The manager left the meeting room.,中間的部分為分詞短語作狀語，且動作發(fā)生在主句left動作之前，而又并非現在完成時，故排除A�，F在分詞的完成式先于主句的謂語動詞而發(fā)生，故選B。
(4)make作“制造、組成”時構成的詞組，常使用被動語態(tài)。
①成品+be made of +原料(看得出原料)
②成品+be made from+原料(難看或看不出原料)
③原料+be made into+成品
④成品+be made by+執(zhí)行者\制造者
⑤成品+be made in+地點
⑥物體\組織+be made up of +若干成份
[典例3] The old cottage can be______ temporary(臨時的)houses.
A. made into B. made of
C. made by D. made in
解析A 此句句意為：這棟舊別墅可以改裝成臨時住宅。被動詞組be made into符合句意。
(5)make構成的兩個常用詞組：
①make up(for)彌補，虛構，縫制，化妝，整理等。如：make up jokes編笑話；make up
a poem/a story/a song編詩歌/故事/歌曲。再如：
They hurried on to make up for lost time.
他們加速進行以補回失去的時間。
The boy made up a story; it was not true.
男孩兒編了個故事，這故事不是真的。
She made up her face to look prettier.
她化了妝以便看上去更漂亮些。
[典例4]Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and
______jokes.(2005·江蘇卷)
A. turning up B. putting up
C. making up D. showing up
解析C 動詞搭配與辨析。turn up 找到，發(fā)現，出現；put up 舉起，抬起，進行；show up揭露，露出，露面。而make up jokes為“編笑話”，與句意吻合。
②make full/good/the best use of 充分利用。如：
We must make the best use of the fine weather.我們必須充分利用這好天氣。
Let’s make use of this opportunity to practice our spoken English.讓我們好好地利用這個機會來練習英語口語。
2.字數：100 3.參考詞匯： 住校 board at school
Dear Editor,
I’m a student of Senior 2.______________________________.
Dear Editor,
I’m a student of Senior 2. At the beginning of this term, my parents and teachers asked me to board at school. They say I can ask questions whenever I have any. Besides, they think boarding at school will make it possible for me to make full use of my night time, and I can also develop the ability to look after myself.
However, I have my own thoughts. Staying at home in the evening, I can make use of my time freely and learn what I’d like to. Besides, I can watch TV for a little time. After all, study doesn’t mean everything. I really don’t know what to do. Please give me your advice!
Yours
Li Hua
3. 培養(yǎng)獨立生活的能力 3 可以看電視調節(jié)一下生活
注意：1.信的開頭已寫好，不計如總詞數
2. 晚自習時間更能保證 2.學習內容可以自由支配
1. 方便問問題 1.晚上有更多自習時間
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