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2.may和might的用法

（1）表示許可或請(qǐng)求許可，may=can, might=could

May/Can I come in ?Yes,you may/can.No,you mustn’t.

（2）may be和maybe

He may be at home.=Maybe he is at home.

1.can/could的用法

（1）.表示能力

Can you drive a car ?No,I can’t .

She can speak English and French.

He could swim when he was five.

（2）.表示許可或請(qǐng)求許可，could比can語(yǔ)氣更委婉客氣，而且could并不是can的過(guò)去時(shí)，could和can沒(méi)有時(shí)間上的差別。

Can I help you ?

Could you lend me your bike?

考點(diǎn)4、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情或語(yǔ)氣，對(duì)某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度，認(rèn)為可能、應(yīng)當(dāng)、必要等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有自己的詞義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，必須加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成合成謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：can/could,may/might, must ,need ,should ,used to,had better等。

This factory was opened in 2002.

do/does/did

構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句和否定句

Do you often get up early?

He didn’t go to school yesterday.

構(gòu)成否定的祈使句（do）

Don’t play football in the street.

have/has/had

跟動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一起構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)

He has gong to America.

She said she had kept the book for two weeks.

will/shall

跟動(dòng)詞的原形一起構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)

What shall we do tomorrow?

I’ll go fishing next Sunday.

would/should

跟動(dòng)詞的原形一起構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

I didn’t know if she would come.

I wondered if I should go

考點(diǎn)3、助動(dòng)詞

助動(dòng)詞本身沒(méi)有次詞義，不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ)，只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示否定、疑問(wèn)、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等語(yǔ)法形式，或用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。常用的助動(dòng)詞有be(am/is/are/,was,were),  do/does/did ,  have/has/had ,shall / will,

would/should等.

助動(dòng)詞

用    法

示     例

Be(am/is/are/was/were)

助動(dòng)詞be+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

We’re having an English lesson.

She was writing when I left.

助動(dòng)詞be+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

English is spoken by many people.

考點(diǎn)2、連系動(dòng)詞

連系動(dòng)詞本 身具有一定意義，表示某人或某事物的狀態(tài)或特征。連系動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ)，其后可接名詞、形容詞、副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)。

She looked tired,but she soon felt better.

He always seems very quiet,but sometimes he makes trouble.

She looks like her sister.

Keep quiet.

連系動(dòng)詞

詞  義

示     例

be

是

It is sunny today.

become

成為  變得

The boy became interested in science.

get

變得

The days get longer.

turn

變得

The trees turn green in spring.

grow

成長(zhǎng)，變得

The world population is growing faster and faster

keep

保持

You must look after yourself and keep healthy.

seem

似乎，好象

She seems much better now.

feel

感到，摸起來(lái)

She feels terrible now.

look

看起來(lái)

The flower looks very beautiful.

smell

聞起來(lái)

The fish smells nice.

sound

聽(tīng)起來(lái)

The song sounds wonderful

taste

嘗起來(lái)

The cake tastes good.

注意

含連系動(dòng)詞（除be外）的句子變疑問(wèn)句時(shí)一定要借助do , does , did

考點(diǎn)1、行為動(dòng)詞

行為動(dòng)詞可分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞，及物動(dòng)詞后面跟賓語(yǔ)意思才完整，不及物動(dòng)詞后面不跟賓語(yǔ)意思也完整，但很多動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞。

He studies English well.

He studies hard.

Father often reads newspapers after supper.

When I came in ,he was reading .

考點(diǎn)7、其他特殊表達(dá)法

1).基數(shù)詞前加every，表示“每一段時(shí)間或每一段……”

每10天/每隔9天 every ten days/every tenth day

每四周/每隔3周every four weeks/every fourth week

2).表示年代或歲數(shù)時(shí)，用逢十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

This took place in the 1960s.這件事發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)60年代

He is in his early twenties.他有20出頭。

in the 30’s(thirties)在30年代

注意：“十幾歲”要用 in one’s teens .

3).表示比例可用 in ,out of

one in ten十個(gè)中的一個(gè)

one in a thousand千萬(wàn)次中的一次

考點(diǎn)6、編號(hào)表示法

1).用序數(shù)詞表示，the+序數(shù)詞+名詞。

第五頁(yè)the fifth page      第十二課the twelfth lesson

第二次世界大戰(zhàn)the Second World War

2).用基數(shù)詞表示，名詞+基數(shù)詞（第一個(gè)字母要大寫(xiě)）

202房間Room 202         第十頁(yè)P(yáng)age Ten

第一課Lesson One  第十六中學(xué)the No.16 Middle School

考點(diǎn)5、時(shí)刻的表示法

1).用基數(shù)詞，按順序讀。

6:00   six (o’clock)       3:45 three forty-five

2).在半小時(shí)內(nèi)，包括半小時(shí)（半小時(shí)用half表示，一刻鐘用a quarter表示），可以用介詞past。past之前為分鐘數(shù)，之后為鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)。

6:15  fifteen(a quarter) past six   12:30 half past twelve

3).在半小時(shí)以上，不包括半小時(shí)，可以用介詞to，to之前為分鐘數(shù)，之后為下一個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)，表示“差幾分到幾點(diǎn)”。

7:45 a quarter to eight       10:50  ten to eleven