Question

_______ have you known the city? For five years.

A. How long B. How often

C. How many D. How much

Answer 1

A

【解析】

試題分析：句意為：---你認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)城市多久了？---五年了。How long ：提問動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度， How often：提問動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率， How many：提問數(shù)量的多少， How much：提問數(shù)量或價(jià)錢的多少。根據(jù)語境可知應(yīng)選A。

考點(diǎn)：考查疑問詞用法辨析。

考點(diǎn)分析： 考點(diǎn)1：不定代詞

   不定代詞指不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞。常見的不定代詞有a11，both，each，every等，以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代詞，如anybody， something，no one。這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞，在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語， 但none和由some，any，no等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞只能作主語、賓語或表語；every和no只能作定語。如：  --- Do you have a car? --你有一輛小汽車嗎？  --- Yes，I have one. --是的，我有一輛。  --- I don’t know any of them. 他們，我一個(gè)也不認(rèn)識(shí)。

   不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，在句中可作主語、表 語、賓語和定語。現(xiàn)將幾個(gè)常用的不定代詞舉例說明如下： 
1. some與any的區(qū)別 
1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個(gè)”作形容詞時(shí)，后面可以接
①不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞；
②可數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。 
Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library.     . Some rice in the bag has been sold out.    
2）any多用于疑問句、條件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容詞
時(shí)，后面可以接
①不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞；
②可數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。      
If you have any questions, please ask me.      There isn't any orange in the bottle.      Have you got any tea?      
3）any和some也可以作代詞用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑問句或否定
句中，some多用于肯定句中。      How many people can you see in the picture?      I can't see any.
     If you have no money, I'll lend you some. 
  注意：與some, any結(jié)合的詞如something, somebody, someone, 
anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑問句、條件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。 
2. few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別 
1）用作形容詞： 
   含義 用法 
表示肯定 表示否定 用于可數(shù)名詞 a few雖少，但有幾個(gè) few不多，幾乎沒有 
用于不可數(shù)名詞 a little，雖少，但有一點(diǎn) little不多，沒有什么   I'm going to buy a few apples.   He can speak only a little Chinese.   There is only a little milk in the glass.   He has few friends. 
  They had little money with them.   
2）a little和little也可以用作副詞，a little表示“有點(diǎn)，稍微”，little表示“很少”。 
  I'm a little hungry. (修飾形容詞hungry)   Let him sleep a little. (修飾動(dòng)詞sleep) 
  Mary, go a little faster, please. (修飾副詞比較級(jí))   She slept very little last night. 
3. other, the other, another, others, the others的區(qū)別。 用  法  
代名詞 形容詞 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù) 不定 another 另一個(gè) others 
別人，其他人 another (boy) 另一個(gè)（男孩） other (boys) 其他男孩 特定 the 
other 另一個(gè) the others 其余那些人、物 the other (boy) 另一個(gè)男孩 
the other (boys) 其余那些男孩 
1）other可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別 的”。   Where are his other books? 
  I haven't any other books except this one. 
  
2）other也可以用作代詞，與冠詞the連用構(gòu)成“the other”，表示兩個(gè)人或物中的“另一個(gè)”。常與one搭配構(gòu)成“one ..., the other ...”句型。 
  He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.   She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 
  
3）other作代詞用時(shí)，可以有復(fù)數(shù)“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常與some搭配構(gòu)成“some ...., others ...”句型。 
  Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.   This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.   
4）“the others”表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。 
  We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.   In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese. 
5）another可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個(gè)”，還可以跟代詞one. 
  You can see another ship in the sea, can't you? 
  Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?   
6）another也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個(gè)”。 
  I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another. 4. every與each的區(qū)別。 

                    each                                every 
           可單獨(dú)使用                             不可單獨(dú)使用 
           可做代名詞、形容詞                僅作形容詞 
           著重“個(gè)別”                                著重“全體”，

毫無例外 
4)用于兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)人或物 4)用于三者或三者以上每一個(gè)人或物   The teacher gave a toy to each child.   Each ball has a different colour.    當(dāng)我們說each child, each student或each teacher時(shí)，我們想到的是一個(gè)人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說every child和every student時(shí)，我們想到的是全體的情況，every的意思與all接近，表示他們都如此。 
  Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher. 
Every child likes playing. = All children like playing. 
5. all和both的用法。
1）all指三者以上，或不可數(shù)的東西。謂語動(dòng)詞既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用作復(fù)數(shù)。在句中作主語、表語、賓語、同位語和定語。   All of us like Mr Pope. 我們都喜歡Pope先生。（作主語）   = We all like Mr Pope. (作同位語) 
  All the water has been used up. (作主語)   That's all for today. (作表語) 
  Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作賓語)   All the leaders are here. (作定語)   
2）both作代詞。 
①與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn)，表示“兩個(gè)都”。   Lucy and Lily both agree with us. 
  They both passed on their sticks at the same time.   How are your parents? They're both fine.   
②與“of +代詞（或名詞）”連用，表示“兩者都”。   Both of them came to see Mary. 
  Both of the books are very interesting.   
③單獨(dú)使用，表示“兩者（都）”。 
  Michael has two sons. Both are clever. 
  I don't know which book is the better, I shall read both. 
  
3）both用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示“兩者都”。   Both his younger sisters are our classmates.  . There are tall trees on both sides of the street.

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