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18、A What Is A Hookworm Infection (感染)?
Hookworm is an infection of one of two different 7 to 13 mm long roundworms. Heavy infection with hookworm can create serious health problems for newborns, children, pregnant women, and persons who are malnourished. Approximately one-quarter of the world’s population is infected with hookworm.
B Where are hookworms commonly found?
One of the most common species, Ancylostoma Duodenale, is found in southern Europe, northern Africa, northern Asia, and parts of South America. A second species, Necator Americanus, was widespread in the southeastern United States early in this century. The Rockefeller Sanitary Commission was founded in response, and hookworm infection has been largely controlled.
C How do I get a hookworm infection?
You can become infected by direct contact with contaminated (污染的) soil, generally through walking barefoot, or accidentally swallowing contaminated soil.
Hookworms have a complex life cycle that begins and ends in the small intestine (腸道). Hookworm eggs require warm, moist, shaded soil to hatch into larvae (幼蟲). These barely visible larvae enter the skin (often through bare feet), are carried to the lungs, go through the breathing tract to the mouth, are swallowed, and eventually reach the small intestine. This journey takes about a week. In the small intestine, the larvae develop into half-inch-long worms, attach themselves to the intestinal wall, and suck blood. The adult worms produce thousands of eggs. These eggs are passed in the human waste. If the eggs contaminate soil and conditions are right, they will hatch, molt, and develop into infective larvae again after 5 to 10 days.
D Who is at risk?
People who have direct contact with soil that contains human feces (糞便) in areas where hookworm is common are at high risk of infection. Children—because they play in dirt and often go barefoot—are at high risk. Since transmission of hookworm infection requires development of the larvae in soil, hookworm cannot be spread person to person. Contact among children in institutional or child care settings should not increase the risk of infection.
E _______________
In countries where hookworm is common and re-infection is likely, light infections are often not treated. In the United States, hookworm infections are generally treated for 1-3 days with medication prescribed (開藥方) by your health care provider. The drugs are effective and appear to have few side effects. For children under the age of 2, the decision to treat should be made by their health care provider.
59. We can guess that the passage is intended for __________.
A. doctors B. scientists C. medical students D. common readers
60. We can imply that the Rockefeller Sanitary Commission in the second paragraph is_______.
A. a centre for information about hookworm infection in the United States
B. an organization for preventing and treating the hookworm infection
C. an educational organization in the United States in the 1950s
D. an organization which identifies the hookworm all over the world
61. The best heading for Part E should be ________.
A. What are the symptoms of hookworm?
B. How can I prevent hookworm?
C. What should I do if I think I have a hookworm infection?
D. What is the treatment for hookworm?
62. Which of the following statements about the life cycle of hookworms is right according to the passage?
A. Hookworm eggs develop into hookworm larvae in the small intestine.
B. Hookworm larvae feed on human’s blood in the intestine walls.
C. Hookworm eggs will become larvae in warm, moist, shaded soil.
D. Hookworm larvae will become hookworm eggs in human waste.
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17、Theodore, the manager of the Paradise Hotel, told a middle-aged couple that they would have to leave the hotel after just one night. The couple, visiting from Texas, had booked a room for eight nights.
“They wanted a sterile (消毒了的) environment, ”Theodore said, “They should have rented a room in a hospital，maybe an operating room. This hotel is clean, but it isn’t that clean.”
Theodore said that, on the very first day, the couple brought all the sheets, pillowcases, and bedspreads down to the main hall and just dropped them next to the front desk. They stood there next to this pile of bedding while other guests looked, pointed, and murmured. The hotel got three cancellations within the hour from people who witnessed this strange, event.
When Theodore asked the couple what the problem was, they said that their bedding was filthy and they wanted it replaced. The couple could not identify any specific “filth” on the bedding. The wife just said, “We’re paying good money to stay here. How dare you doubt us？We know the filth is there. That’s all the proof you need.” Theodore called room service, and the bedding was replaced immediately.
Early the next evening, however, the couple marched to the front desk again and demanded seven cans of sterilizer, “We need a can for each night. We have to spray the phone, the TV, all the door handles, the toilet handle, the shower stall, the faucet, the sink, and any hotel staff entering our room. ”
Worried, Theodore politely suggested that a hotel more suitable for them was just around the corner. He then called ahead to reserve a “very clean” room, and gave them free transportation in the hotel Rolls-Royce. Also, he told the couple that they wouldn’t he charged for the second day.
The couple were surprised but they really liked the idea of free room for a night and that expensive car service.
56. The underlined word “filthy” means in this article．
A. clean B. smelly C. dirty D. old
57. Why was Theodore worried?
A. The hotel would run out of cleaning stuff.
B. The hotel was not clean enough.
C. The couple might have more demands the following days.
D. More guests would make the same requests.
58. What word could best describe the couple?
A. Generous. B. Expensive. C. Easy-going. D. Particular.
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16、You may have heard of Osceola McCarty, an 88-year-old woman in Mississippi who had worked for over 75 years as a 36 woman.
One day after she retired, she went to the bank and discovered that her small monthly 37 had grown to over ＄150,000. Then to everyone’s surprise, she turned around and 38 almost all of the money to the University of Southern Mississippi (USM) for a 39 fund for students with financial needs. Immediately, she made national 40 .
What you have not heard is how Osceola’s gift had 41 my life. I am 19 years old and the first 42 of an Osceola McCarty Scholarship.
I was a 43 student, and I was determined to go to USM. But I 44 being qualified for a regular scholarship by one point on the entrance exams, and a scholarship was the 45 way I could attend.
One Sunday, I came across the story in the paper about Osceola McCarty and her generous 46 . The next day I went to the financial aid office, and they told me there was still no money 47 for me, but if anything came up they’d call.
A few days later, I was going out with my mother 48 the phone rang. I was told I had been chosen to be given the first Osceola McCarty Scholarship. I was 49 !
McCarty worked hard her whole life, washing clothes by hand. Now that she is 50 , she sits most of the day and reads the Bible, that is, when she is not getting rewards. Every time I go to visit her, she has a new 51 . She’s even gone to the White House. She is so happy and proud. We have tried to talk her into getting a VCR (錄像機) so she can tape the programs and see 52 on TV—she just smiles.
McCarty gave me much more than a scholarship. She taught me about the gift of 53 . Now I know there are good people in the world who do good things. She worked hard and helped others, and in turn she has inspired me to 54 when I can some day. So 55 I plan to add to her scholarship fund.
36. A. cafe B. buffet C. laundry D. laboratory
37. A. expenses B. profits C. wages D. savings
38. A. returned B. donated C. delivered D. removed
39. A. welfare B. project C. scholarship D. research
40. A. customs B. headlines C. sympathies D. doubts
41. A. affected B. formed C. disturbed D. ruined
42. A. designer B. receiver C. contributor D. reporter
43. A. considerate B. casual C. hard-working D. sensitive
44. A. advocated B. avoided C. regretted D. missed
45. A. normal B. wrong C. legal D. only
46. A. gift B. idea C. decision D. plan
47. A. left B. raised C. available D. enough
48. A. since B. before C. though D. when
49. A. excited B. shocked C. puzzled D. encouraged
50. A. dismissed B. retired C. promoted D. transferred
51. A. job B. hobby C. life D. award
52. A. everybody B. everything C. herself D. us
53. A. giving B. understanding C. receiving D. loving
54. A. give back B. give in C. give off D. give up
55. A. suddenly B. originally C. eventually D. gradually
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15、 The open-air celebration has been put off ________ the bad weather.
A. in case of B. in addition to C. apart from D. owing to
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14、 The shy girl felt ________ and uncomfortable when she could not answer her teacher’s questions.
A. amazed B. awkward C. curious D. amused
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13、The weather _______ us _______ climbing the mountain.
A. discouraged; from B. prevented for C. discouraged ; into D. stopped ; to
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12、 Some idioms are very new and you’ll need to ________ what they mean.
A. classify B. clarify C. circle D. choose
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11、 John was dismissed last week because of his ________ attitude towards his job.
A. informal B. casual C. determined D. earnest
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10、The use of water is becoming tense in north China and the government ______ that we should save water in our daily life.
A. advocates B. distributes C. adores D. declines
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9、The bad weather only _________ our difficulties.
A. added up B. added to C. added up to D. added on
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