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4、Almost everyone accepts the fact that crime can never be wiped ort entirely. Thus control of crime becomes the focus of police and government around the world. The question lawmakers must answer is, “Which system of criminal punishment works best for society?” Each country has developed its own ideas for solution to this question, and these solutions then determine how criminals are punished under different systems. However, none of the current system in use has proved 100 percent effective. There are many ideas about punishment of criminals. Some systems look only to get retribution against criminals. These systems work to frighten criminals away from repeating a crime in the future.

   These systems also try to deter（威懾）others in society by using the criminal as an example of what can happen to a person if he or she is caught committing crimes. Rehabilitation（悔過）is another philosophy by which many systems of punishment operate. The goal of these systems is to return a former criminal to society after a required period of treatment and training, usually in prisons. The idea is to help change the person’s behavior and approach so that he or she becomes a law-abiding citizen.

   Capital punishment is another form of punishment which systems use in extreme criminal cases, sometimes involving such crimes as a murder, rape, and violent theft. In these cases, the person is put to death. Today, capital punishment is used in relatively few countries. Many countries have done away with it. In other words, capital punishment remains only in officially law books but is rarely used. However, capital punishment remains in use in some countries including the United States.

1. The police around the world usually concentrate their attention on         .

   A. how to catch the person who commits crimes

   B. how to punish the person who commits crimes

   C. how to control crimes

   D. how to determine the system of punishment of criminals

2. Different purposes of the systems of criminal punishment are mentioned in the passage except           .

   A. to frighten criminals and stop them from committing crimes again

   B. to warn others in society not to commit crimes

   C. to reform criminals and help them return to society

   D. to help criminals get some knowledge of law

3. Which of the following is NOT true?

   A. Many countries including the USA have got rid of capital punishment

   B. In some countries capital punishment can only be found in law books, but it is hardly used.

   C. Capital punishment is only used in extreme criminal cases.

   D. Some countries including China still use capital punishment