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Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of a lift operator or the uniform of a five-star

general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

　　Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes, Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform . What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lost professional identity than to step out of uniform?

　　Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes, They save on laundry bills. They are tax - deductible. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

　　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.

　　Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long - lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

What surprises us is that                               .

What are people likely to think of a man in uniform?

Why are some people against uniforms?

The underlined sentence tells us that                             .

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of a lift operator or the uniform of a five-star

general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

　　Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes, Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform . What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lost professional identity than to step out of uniform?

　　Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes, They save on laundry bills. They are tax - deductible. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

　　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.

　　Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long - lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

1.What surprises us is that                               .

2.What are people likely to think of a man in uniform?

3.Why are some people against uniforms?

4.The underlined sentence tells us that                             .

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of a lift operator or the uniform of a five-star

general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?

　　Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes, Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lost professional identity than to step out of uniform?

　　Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes, They save on laundry bills. They are tax - deductible. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.

　　Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.

　　Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long - lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.

1．What surprises us is that                               .

2．What are people likely to think of a man in uniform?

3．Why are some people against uniforms?

4．The underlined sentence tells us that                             .

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

    We’d like to agree with the recent report comparing the difference between a TV and a computer: When you use one you turn your brain on, with the other you turn it off.

Your brain may not be the only thing the TV turns off. It seems that men who watch a lot of TV are more sedentary, eat more food and are generally much fatter. Similar result have been found for women. Experts think that watching TV means that not only are you sedentary, but you have to watch food advertisement inducing you to eat more. The food that you are being induced to eat may not be good enough for you health.

If you are a couch potato, here are some suggestions:

Tape a piece of paper to the back of your remote control or TV Guide, and every time you watch a show, note how long you sit there and what you eat..

Review the record after a week. This can be a shock.

Don’t have a TV in your bedroom; having a TV in your bedroom greatly increases viewing time and if you tend to eat while viewing, the results are obvious.

Think of a healthy way instead of watching TV that you like. This can be as simply as walking the dog or walking to visit a neighbor regularly.

After a few months you are likely to be surprised about how much more time you seem to have and how much better you feel.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

The phrase “a couch potato” best describe a person who ___________.

The author believes watching TV _______________ your brain.

Why shouldn’t you put a TV set in your bedroom?______________.

According to the passage, which maybe the healthy ways? ___________.

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

    We’d like to agree with the recent report comparing the difference between a TV and a computer: When you use one you turn your brain on, with the other you turn it off.

Your brain may not be the only thing the TV turns off. It seems that men who watch a lot of TV are more sedentary, eat more food and are generally much fatter. Similar result have been found for women. Experts think that watching TV means that not only are you sedentary, but you have to watch food advertisement inducing you to eat more. The food that you are being induced to eat may not be good enough for you health.

If you are a couch potato, here are some suggestions:

Tape a piece of paper to the back of your remote control or TV Guide, and every time you watch a show, note how long you sit there and what you eat..

Review the record after a week. This can be a shock.

Don’t have a TV in your bedroom; having a TV in your bedroom greatly increases viewing time and if you tend to eat while viewing, the results are obvious.

Think of a healthy way instead of watching TV that you like. This can be as simply as walking the dog or walking to visit a neighbor regularly.

After a few months you are likely to be surprised about how much more time you seem to have and how much better you feel.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

1.The phrase “a couch potato” best describe a person who ___________.

2.The author believes watching TV _______________ your brain.

3.Why shouldn’t you put a TV set in your bedroom?______________.

4.According to the passage, which maybe the healthy ways? ___________.

Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

In tomorrow’s offices, there will be more bosses and fewer assistants. New technologies have made clerical work so efficient that fewer workers are necessary, so one assistant may serve bosses.

Bosses in the United States are spending twice as much time resolving employee disputes as they did just a decade ago. Corporate downsizing has made workers more insecure and competitive, increasing the number of personality conflicts that managers are forced to settle.

Fighting age bias(偏見(jiàn)) may be a critical workplace issue of the future. As companies depend on older, more experienced workers to solve labour shortages in the next century, managers will need to overcome the view that older workers are less productive, less flexible, and more expensive.

Electronic networking will give more power to workers at the bottom of the corporate pecking order(等級(jí)排序). Computer networks allow employees to skip over chains of command and communicate directly with senior managers. The relative anonymity(匿名) of electronic communications will make low-status individuals more relaxed about expressing their points of view and offering valuable new ideas.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN ELEVEN WORDS.)

Fewer workers are necessary in the future due to

                                                                                                                                  .

Employee disputes mainly arise from the fact that

                                                                                                                                  .

What kind of view do many managers hold about older workers now?

                                                                                                                                  .

How could electronic networking give more power to low-status workers?

                                                                                                                                  .

Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words
The automobile may not be closely associated with modem American culture, but it has occupied a central role in America’s economic and social history.
No one can deny the status of Henry Ford in car history. When the first Ford Model T rolled off the assembly line in 1908, businessman Henry Ford transformed the car from a luxury attachment for the rich to an automobile product for the middle classes. The rush of cars into the community forced all levels of government to build new and better roads. Better roads fed the demand for larger, faster, more stylish vehicles, and a host of companies rushed to meet that demand.
If there was a first Golden Age of automobile, it may well have been the 1950s. It was an age of prosperity. Large, regular paychecks encouraged the public display of wealth through costly items such as new cars. Americans, moreover, needed those cars as they moved away from the cities into the suburbs, where such things as stores, jobs, and schools were seldom within walking distance. Cars became essential if people were to get to work or to the grocery store.
As Ac 1950s slipped into 1960s, it became apparent that these fashionable wheels were gas-consuming road cruisers, dangerous in an accident, and often full of faults. Under pressure from a variety of groins, the federal government required that newer models provide greater fuel efficiency and cleaner emissions. Seatbelts became standard equipment as well Rising fad prices in the 1970s, coupled with concern for the environment, made the smaller cars produced by foreign companies for European and Asian markets very popular.
The 1980s and 1990s saw an upswing in the popularity of big cars. New models including minivans and sport utility vehicles have become main products in auto dealers’ showrooms. Traffic jams on the roads have become part of the American way of life. In 1911 a horse could travel through rush-hour traffic in Los Angeles at 11 miles per hour. In 2000 a car covering the same territory at the same time of day moved at about 4 miles per hour. But perhaps that is not important. When a car is equipped with a telephone and television set, a computer, and global positioning satellite connections, it can feel just like home.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
【小題1】___________________made Henry Ford well-known in car history.
【小題2】That the car industry prospered in the 1950s in America resulted from ________.
【小題3】 Why were smaller cars once popular in the 1970s?
【小題4】 In today’s society, how can a car make people ignore traffic jams?

Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Children and adolescents who watch a lot of television are more likely to have antisocial and criminal behavior when they become adults, according to a new University of Otago, New Zealand, study published online in the journal Pediatrics. The study followed a group of around 1,000 children born in the New Zealand city of Dunedin in 1972-1973. Every two years between the ages of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. Those who watched more television were more likely to have a criminal conviction and were also more likely to have antisocial personality traits in adulthood.

The study found that the risk of having a criminal behavior by early adulthood increased by about 30% with every hour that children spent watching TV on an average weeknight.

The study also found that watching more television in childhood was associated, in adulthood, with aggressive personality, an increased tendency to experience negative emotions, and an increased risk of antisocial personality disorder; a psychiatric disorder characterised by persistent patterns of aggressive and antisocial behavior.

The researchers found that the relationship between TV viewing and antisocial behavior was not explained by socio-economic status, aggressive or antisocial behavior in early childhood, or parenting factors.

A study co-author, Lindsay Robertson, says it is not that children who were already antisocial watched more television. “Rather, children who watched a lot of television were likely to go on to manifest antisocial behavior and personality traits.”

Other studies have suggested a link between television viewing and antisocial behavior, though very few have been able to demonstrate a cause-and-effect sequence. This is the first ‘real-life’ study that has asked about TV viewing throughout the whole childhood period, and has looked at a range of antisocial outcomes in adulthood. As an observational study, it cannot prove that watching too much television caused the antisocial outcomes, but the findings are consistent with most of the research and provides further evidence that excessive television can have long-term consequences for behavior.

Antisocial behavior is a major problem for society. While we’re not saying that television causes all antisocial behavior, our findings do suggest that reducing TV viewing could go some way towards reducing rates of antisocial behavior in society,” says Associate Professor Hancox.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children should watch no more than 1 to 2 hours of quality television programming each day. The researchers say their findings support the idea that parents should try to limit their children's television use.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

1.The aim of the study is to reveal ______________________________________________.

2.The researchers chose __________________________________________ as their research subjects（研究對(duì)象）.

3.What’s the shortcoming of most of the studies on this topic?

__________________________________________________________.

4.What do you suppose many parents will do after reading this passage?

__________________________________________________________.

Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. 

Oscar-winning director Ang Lee’s new epic “Life of Pi” reveals the relationship between a teenage Indian boy and a Bengal tiger. But in reality, the predators（食肉動(dòng)物） are under increasing threat from humans. Animal rights group PETA is hoping to use the popularity of the film to focus people’s attention on the real life of Bengal tigers.

With the rising demand for tiger parts from East Asia, illegal hunting remains a tremendous danger for the remaining cat population.  Back in 1947, there were 40,000 tigers in India, but the number is experiencing a sharp decline to 1,706 despite campaigns to protect the animal.

Rising man-animal conflict is also one of the leading causes of decline in tiger numbers. In one of numerous reported attacks on the endangered big cats, villagers near the Bangladesh-India border, armed with sticks and boat oars, set upon the animal suspected to have attacked a local fisherman and beat it to death earlier this month. So far this year, 58 tiger deaths have been reported in the country.

“The first instinct when a tiger is spotted is to just kill it,” grieved Gurmeet Sapal, a wildlife filmmaker. “The feeling of fear and revenge is so strong that it shuts out any other emotion. What we don’t realize is that the tiger never attacks humans until it is forced to.”

India has been struggling to stop the tiger's decline in the face of the loss of habitat as well that encourages the animals to leave the forest for food. “The tiger’s rapidly exhausted prey base causes the predator to go all out to get its food. Consequently, livestock and human beings become easy prey, which leads inevitably to conflict,” says a wildlife conservationist.

Filmmaker Sapal says it is only normal for people to think of the tiger as a dangerous animal, but its image as a human killer bears some injustice. “Tigers never kill for sport nor store meat. They kill their prey only in case of hunger. ” 

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than ten words)

1.PETA hopes “Life of Pi” can __________________________________.

2.Why did the villagers beat the tiger to death?

3.As a result of the loss of habitat, __________________________________ are more likely to be the big cat’s victims. 

4.When will tigers attack and kill people according to the article?

Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words

The automobile may not be closely associated with modem American culture, but it has occupied a central role in America's economic and social history.

No one can deny the status of Henry Ford in car history. When the first Ford Model T rolled off the assembly line in 1908, businessman Henry Ford transformed the car from a luxury attachment for the rich to an automobile product for the middle classes. The rush of cars into the community forced all levels of government to build new and better roads. Better roads fed the demand for larger, faster, more stylish vehicles, and a host of companies rushed to meet that demand.

If there was a first Golden Age of automobile, it may well have been the 1950s. It was an age of prosperity. Large, regular paychecks encouraged the public display of wealth through costly items such as new cars. Americans, moreover, needed those cars as they moved away from the cities into the suburbs, where such things as stores, jobs, and schools were seldom within walking distance. Cars became essential if people were to get to work or to the grocery store.

As Ac 1950s slipped into 1960s, it became apparent that these fashionable wheels were gas-consuming road cruisers, dangerous in an accident, and often full of faults. Under pressure from a variety of groins, the federal government required that newer models provide greater fuel efficiency and cleaner emissions. Seatbelts became standard equipment as well Rising fad prices in the 1970s, coupled with concern for the environment, made the smaller cars produced by foreign companies for European and Asian markets very popular.

The 1980s and 1990s saw an upswing in the popularity of big cars. New models including minivans and sport utility vehicles have become main products in auto dealers' showrooms. Traffic jams on the roads have become part of the American way of life. In 1911 a horse could travel through rush-hour traffic in Los Angeles at 11 miles per hour. In 2000 a car covering the same territory at the same time of day moved at about 4 miles per hour. But perhaps that is not important. When a car is equipped with a telephone and television set, a computer, and global positioning satellite connections, it can feel just like home.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

1.made Henry Ford well-known in car history.

2.That the car industry prospered in the 1950s in America resulted from ________.

3. Why were smaller cars once popular in the 1970s?

4. In today's society, how can a car make people ignore traffic jams?