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The Kyoto Protocol is a plan created by the United Nations for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change．The plan aims to reduce the amount of industrial gases released（釋放）into the environment．Some scientists say carbon dioxide and other industrial gases are to blame for climate change around the world．The scientists say such gases build up in the atmosphere and trap heat below．They say this results in increasing temperatures and rising sea levels．

The plan is called the Kyoto Protocol because it was negotiated（商訂）in Kyoto，Japan in December，1997．The goal of the agreement is to reduce the amount of emissions（排放物）--industrial gases released to below the levels of 1990．

Nations responsible for at least 55％of the world's industrial carbon dioxide emissions had to approve the agreement before it could go into effect．The European Union and many other industrial nations quickly approved the Kyoto Protocol．They receive credit for their own emissions if they invest in cleaned technologies in developing nations．Developing nations do not have to meet the emissions requirements of the agreement．

The United States produced 36％of the world's carbon dioxide emissions in 1999．But the United States refused to approve the Kyoto Protocol．Before the Protocol was negotiated，the United States Senate（美國(guó)參議院）voted that any treaty（條約）harmful to the economy of the United States could not be signed．President Bush has said that he supports the general idea of the treaty but will not send the treaty to the Senate for approval．Mr. Bush said that the agreement sets unfair differences between industrial and developing nations．He also said that the treaty could cause some Americans to lose their jobs．

After the United States rejected（拒絕）the Kyoto Protocol，approval by Russia was necessary for the agreement to come into effect．Russia approved the Protocol in November，2004 and the Kyoto Protocol went into effect on February 16^th，2005．157 countries have approved the agreement．

60．What’s the purpose of this passage?

A．To note the importance of environmental protection．

B  To provide information about the Kyoto Protocol．

C．To show the results caused by global climate change．

D．To criticize the US for its response to the Kyoto Protocol．

61．How many years was the Kyoto Protocol negotiated before its coming into effect?

A．Nearly 1 year．                                         B．Nearly 6 years．

C．Nearly 8 years．                                        D．Nearly 15 years．

62．What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A．The US Senate has more power than President Bush．

B．The Kyoto Protocol will really do some harm to the US economy．

C．The worry of President Bush about signing the Kyoto Protocol is reasonable．

D．The US views its interest more important than environmental protection．

63．It can NOT be learned from this passage that          ．

A．the Kyoto Protocol was created to solve global pollution problems

B．the developed countries are mainly responsible for industrial gases

C．the developing countries can be free from the Kyoto Protocol

D．the Kyoto Protocol finally took effect without America's approval

The Kyoto Protocol is a plan created by the United Nations for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change．The plan aims to reduce the amount of industrial gases released（釋放）into the environment．Some scientists say carbon dioxide and other industrial gases are to blame for climate change around the world．The scientists say such gases build up in the atmosphere and trap heat below．They say this results in increasing temperatures and rising sea levels．

The plan is called the Kyoto Protocol because it was negotiated（商訂）in Kyoto，Japan in December，1997．The goal of the agreement is to reduce the amount of emissions（排放物）--industrial gases released to below the levels of 1990．

Nations responsible for at least 55％of the world's industrial carbon dioxide emissions had to approve the agreement before it could go into effect．The European Union and many other industrial nations quickly approved the Kyoto Protocol．They receive credit for their own emissions if they invest in cleaned technologies in developing nations．Developing nations do not have to meet the emissions requirements of the agreement．

The United States produced 36％of the world's carbon dioxide emissions in 1999．But the United States refused to approve the Kyoto Protocol．Before the Protocol was negotiated，the United States Senate（美國(guó)參議院）voted that any treaty（條約）harmful to the economy of the United States could not be signed．President Bush has said that he supports the general idea of the treaty but will not send the treaty to the Senate for approval．Mr. Bush said that the agreement sets unfair differences between industrial and developing nations．He also said that the treaty could cause some Americans to lose their jobs．

After the United States rejected（拒絕）the Kyoto Protocol，approval by Russia was necessary for the agreement to come into effect．Russia approved the Protocol in November，2004 and the Kyoto Protocol went into effect on February 16^th，2005．157 countries have approved the agreement．

1.What’s the purpose of this passage?

A．To note the importance of environmental protection．

B To provide information about the Kyoto Protocol．

C．To show the results caused by global climate change．

D．To criticize the US for its response to the Kyoto Protocol．

2.How many years was the Kyoto Protocol negotiated before its coming into effect?

A．Nearly 1 year．                      B．Nearly 6 years．

C．Nearly 8 years．                     D．Nearly 15 years．

3.What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A．The US Senate has more power than President Bush．

B．The Kyoto Protocol will really do some harm to the US economy．

C．The worry of President Bush about signing the Kyoto Protocol is reasonable．

D．The US views its interest more important than environmental protection．

4.It can NOT be learned from this passage that          ．

A．the Kyoto Protocol was created to solve global pollution problems

B．the developed countries are mainly responsible for industrial gases

C．the developing countries can be free from the Kyoto Protocol

D．the Kyoto Protocol finally took effect without America's approval

Last month, the president of the Maldives, Mohamed Nasheed, held an underwater meeting. The purpose of the ocean floor conference? To highlight the effects of global warming on his island nation.

The Maldives, located in the Indian Ocean, is the lowest-lying country on Earth. Melting glaciers and polar ice are causing sea levels to rise, putting the Maldives and other low-lying areas at risk of being swallowed by the sea within the next 100 years.

What can be done? Scientists and leaders from 190 nations will try to figure that out at the United Nations climate change conference next month. The main goal of the meeting is to come up with a new climate agreement for 2012 and beyond. That is when the existing plan, the Kyoto Protocol (《京都議定書(shū)》), will expire. The agreement was created in Kyoto, Japan, in 1997. Since then, it has been ratified (正式批準(zhǔn)) by 190 nations. The countries promised to limit the amount of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, that they produced each year.

The debate over who should cut greenhouse emissions (排放) has been going on for years. The US has been hesitant to reduce emissions unless fast-growing nations such as China and India also reduce their use of fossil fuels. In recent months, China has taken steps to be greener. But India has been unwilling to change. It argues that it is unfair for rich nations to ask poorer countries to cut down on emissions.

While world leaders work on a plan in Copenhagen, there are many things you can do to help the planet. You can save fuel by walking or biking instead of riding in a car. You can start a recycling program in your community. You can plant trees. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air and give off oxygen.

64. The underlined word “expire” in Paragraph 3 probably means _____.

A. cause trouble            B. go into effect            C. come to an end         D. gain support

65. According to the passage, limiting greenhouse emissions _____.

A. has been a controversial question

B. is well performed in the Maldives

C. will make poor countries poorer

D. means banning carbon dioxide emissions

66. What does the author suggest？

A. Like the Maldives, other island countries should take action.

B. Both the US and India should cut greenhouse emissions.

C. World leaders should focus more on climate change.

D. Everyone should get involved in cutting greenhouse emissions.