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The First Americans

There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America. The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia to Alaska. The people who made this initial(最初的) crossing were probably following the animals they used for food. Eventually, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared. The settlers, who I shall call the “First Americans”， could not return to their homeland. _1.__

For the next few thousand years, the First Americans migrated（遷徙） south and east throughout North and South America. They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America, a distance of more than 10, 000 miles. __2.__In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters of the ocean.  __3.__ In the brief summer，they gathered berries and other plants. In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer. It was a hard life，but they learned to survive in these harsh conditions.

Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became cliff dwellers(懸崖居民). They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs.__ 4.__ The dwellings(住處) they constructed in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings.__ 5.__ They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year. They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert. In Mexico and South America, the First Americans founded civilizations that were among the greatest in the world. They built huge pyramids, lived in fabulous cities, and made great advances in science and mathematics long before the Europeans arrived.

A. They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes.

B. Along the way，they established（建立） many different civilizations.

C. The First Americans of the Southwest learned to irrigate（灌溉） the desert.

D. They would have to survive in the New World they had discovered.

E. They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food.

F. People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs.

G. They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone.

 

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
The First Americans
There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America．The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia to Alaska．The people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used for food．
Finally, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared．The settlers, who I shall call the "First Americans" , could not return to their homeland．  1  
For the next few thousand years, the First Americans moved south and east throughout North and South America．They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America, a distance of more than 10,000 miles．    2   
In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters of the ocean．  3 __  In the summer, they gathered berries and other plants．In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer．It was a hard life, but they learned to survive in these terrible conditions．
Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became cliff dwellers．They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs．  4  The dwellings they built in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings．
5    They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year．They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert．

A．They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes．

B．Along the way, they established many different civilizations．

C．They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone．

D．People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs．

E. They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food．
F. They would have to survive in the New World, they had discovered．
G. The First Americans of the Southwest learned to water the desert．

Most visitors come to the UK expecting the rain and weather for which the country is famous. However, when summer finally arrives, British people like nothing more than heading for the coast. Here are some of more famous places of interest that you could expect to visit on a trip to Britain. Black pool, in the northwest of England, is the most visited place in the UK. Each year around 6.5 to 7 million people come to enjoy the miles of sandy beaches, the 158m Black pool Tower and the 11km-long Golden Mile, where there are entertainments, pubs, ice rinks (溜冰場(chǎng)) and even a zoo. On the south coast of the country you can find Brighton. Until 1786, Brighton was a sleepy village. Then the future king, George IV, decided to build a house there, and now it has become a large, international centre. Apart from the beaches, Brighton is famous for its pier (碼頭). There are theatres, entertainments and restaurants there. Brighton is also fantastic for shopping. If you want to travel a little further, why not go to Corn-wall in the far southwest of the UK? South Cornwall offers miles of sandy beaches and beautiful scenery. The climate there is warmer than the rest of Britain, and you can even find palm trees. For a bit more excitement, go to North Cornwall. The scenery there is nicer, and the beaches are famous for their powerful waves. As a result, North Cornwall has become the home of British surfing. One word of warning though, if you are using the roads in the UK during holidays, you can expect long traffic jams on the motorways. It might be better to take the train.
【小題1】Which is the best title for this passage?

A．Let’s Go to the Beach!	B．How to Enjoy Your Holidays
C．Welcome to Britain!	D．How to Travel in Britain

【小題2】We may find this passage in a ______.

A．geography book

B．storybook

C．travel guide

D．news magazine

【小題3】If Andrew likes surfing, which is the best place for him to spend his holidays?

A．Black pool.

B．Brighton.

C．South Cornwall.

D．North Cornwall.

【小題4】Which is NOT the reason why Brighton is famous?

A．In Brighton you can satisfy your appetite for shopping.

B．In 1786, George IV decided to build a house there.

C．There is an interesting pier in Brighton.

D．You can enjoy yourself on the beautiful beaches.

【小題5】From the passage we can infer that ______.

A．there are no beaches in the east and west of Britain

B．Black pool is the most famous place in the UK

C．the pier is more interesting than the beaches in Brighton

D．the climate in South Cornwall is attractive to many people

Paracutin was born in Mexico in February, 1943. At the end of one week Paracutin was 500 feet high, and it is now over 9, 000 feet high. Today Paracutin is asleep.

What is Paracutin? It was the first volcano(火山) in the world which was seen from its birth right up to the present day. On February 20, 1943, a peasant and his wife set out to work in their corn fields from the Mexican village of Paracutin. They were surprised to find the earth warm under their feet. Suddenly they heard noises deep in the earth and a small hole appeared in their field. In the afternoon there was a sudden loud noise and stones were thrown high in the air. The peasants ran from the field and turned to watch. They saw the birth of a volcano.

    Large quantities of stone and lava(巖漿) broke out and a little hill began to form. By evening this hill was 100 feet high and hot ashes(灰燼) were falling on the village. At night the strong light of the hot lava lit up the countryside. The trees near the village were killed and the villagers had to leave their houses. When the village was destroyed, its name was given to the volcano. The news quickly reached Mexico City, far to the east. Many people came to watch the scene. The volcano grew and grew for ten years and hundreds of square miles of forest were destroyed. Then Paracutin went to sleep.

Paracutin was once the name of ________.

A. a peasant    B. a village    C. an old mountain           D. a Mexican

What was destroyed in the growing up of the volcano?

A. The little hill of stone.                   B. The villagers living close by.

C. The forests and fields round Paracutin.      D. The Mexican peasant and his wife.

In this passage the writer is trying to ________.

A. tell us an interesting happening        B. explain a scientific theory

C. make us believe something           D. make up an interesting story

What can we learn about volcanoes from this passage？

A. New volcanoes may appear in places where people do not expect them to be.

B. Volcanoes are always growing.

C. Volcanoes are active from time to time.

D. New volcanoes are active for only ten years.

2010 was a good year for American farmers. They earned about eighty-two billion dollars. That is almost one-third more than that they earned last year. And it is twenty-six percent higher than the ten-year average. Values for grain and oilseed crops are up about three percent from last year. The value of animal production is up by almost seven percent.

In 2011, farm exports are expected to break the all-time high set in 2008.The Agriculture Department says exports in 2011 could top one hundred and twenty-six billion dollars. The largest buyer of agricultural products is expected to be Canada. But farm exports to China are predicted to come within five hundred million dollars of Canadian purchases. Secretary Vilsack says countries in Southeast Asia and the Middle East are also buying more from American farmers.

Poor growing conditions overseas played an important part in higher prices for American crops in 2010.Charlotte Hebe brand is chief executive of the International Food and Agricultural Trade Policy Council in Washington. She said drought(干旱)conditions had a big effect over the summer. She said,“There were horrible weather problems, not just in Russia but also in some of the other former Soviet Union countries.”

Wheat prices rose after Russia stopped wheat exports,although Russia later eased the ban(禁令).“Wheat used to be America’s top crop. What’s interesting,though,is that wheat production has actually become less over the past few years because corn has become the most popular crop,”said economist Charlotte Hebebrand.

Corn is mostly fed to animals. But Miss Hebebrand said with the recent increase in wheat prices, American farmers might plant more wheat again. Corn and wheat are the two largest crops supported by the government.

1.We know that compared to 2009,in 2010 American farmers——.

A．planted less corn	B．planted morn crops
C．planted morn wheat	D．earned more money

2.What does the Agriculture Department expect in 2011?

A． Agriculture exports will continue to increase.

B． China will be the largest buyer of agriculture products

C． America will export food to every country around the world

D． Southeast Asian countries will start buying food from America

3.What is implied in Paragraph 3?

A． America farming also was greatly affected in 2010

B． Russia was not the country most affected by drought in 2010

C． Weather problems helped raise prices for American crops in 2010

D． American crops were the most expensive around the world in 2010

4.We can infer that in the past few years American farmers——

A． reduced crop exports

B． increased corn production

C． increased wheat production

D． increased investment in farming

5.According to what Miss Hebebrand said, we know American farmers will ——

A．stop feeding corn to animals

B．export most of their corn

C．try to increased wheat production

D．try to get more support from the governmet