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主謂一致講解] 在英語中.句子的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞要保持?jǐn)?shù)上的一致關(guān)系.叫主謂一致.這種關(guān)系通常要遵循下面三條原則: 1.語法一致原則.句子的主語是單數(shù)形式.謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式,主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式.謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.如: Australia is an extremely rich country.澳大利亞是個(gè)非常富裕的國家. What are advertisements made?廣告是怎樣制作的? 注意:anything.everyone.everybody.nobody.anyone.anybody. someone.somebody等復(fù)合不定代詞作語時(shí).謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式.如: If anybody calls.tell him I'll be back later.如果有人找.告訴他我一會(huì)兒就回來. 當(dāng)主語后面跟有as well as.like.but.except等引導(dǎo)的詞語時(shí).其謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式通常與這些詞語前面的主語保持一致.如: I as well as you am a football fan.不僅你是個(gè)足球迷.我也是個(gè)足球迷. Nobody but Tom and Jane was there.除了湯姆和珍妮.沒有人在那里. 2.意義一致原則.即謂語動(dòng)詞該用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容在含義是單數(shù)意義還是復(fù)數(shù)意義.如: The Chinese are industrious.中國人是勤勞的. The USA is a developed country.美國是個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國家. 另外.像works.physics等詞.雖然形式上是以s結(jié)尾.但表示的意義是單數(shù).故謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式.相反.people.police等詞形式上是單數(shù)形式.但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義.謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式.如: This works was built in 2000.這家工廠建立于2000年. Maths is my favourite subject.?dāng)?shù)學(xué)是我最喜歡的學(xué)科. 3.鄰近原則.謂語動(dòng)詞該用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)形式.取決于最鄰近它的名詞.代詞或其它詞的數(shù).另外.neither...nor.either...or.not only...but also連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí).或由there.here引導(dǎo)的句子.并且主語不止一個(gè)時(shí).謂語動(dòng)詞通常與鄰近它的那個(gè)主語保持?jǐn)?shù)上一致.如: There is a dictionary and some books on the desk.桌子上有一本詞典和一些書. Either her father or her mother calls for her every afternoon.不是她父親就是她母親每天下午來接她. 除了上述三個(gè)原則外.還有一些特殊的情況需要注意: 1.表示時(shí)間.重量.數(shù)目.價(jià)格.長度.數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或詞組作主語時(shí).盡管它們是復(fù)數(shù)形式.但如果把這些復(fù)數(shù)形式的詞或詞組看作是一個(gè)整體.謂語動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù)形式.如: Three weeks is a short time.三個(gè)星期是很短的時(shí)間. Ten pounds is not so heavy.十磅并不太重. 9999 is a large number.9999是個(gè)很大的數(shù)字. 2.動(dòng)詞不定式.動(dòng)名詞.從句或不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí).謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.如: To see is to believe.眼見為實(shí). It is not easy to master a foreign language.要掌握一門外語是不容易的. Whether we go or not depends on the weather.我們?nèi)ミ是不去要看天氣情況而定. It is impossible that one can master a new language in such a short period of time.一個(gè)人要在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握一種新語言是不可能的. Time is money.時(shí)間就是金錢. 3.由and連接兩個(gè)單詞作主語時(shí).要看其表示的意義來決定謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式.如果表示的是一個(gè)整體的概念或指的是同一事物.謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,如果表示的是兩個(gè)不同的對(duì)象時(shí).謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.如: Danish bacon and egg makes a good meal.丹麥咸肉燉蛋成了一頓美餐.(咸肉燉蛋看作一道菜肴.) The writer and the teacher are coming.作家和老師走來了. The poet and teacher is one of my friends.那位詩人兼教師是我的一位朋友.(詩人和教師指的是同一個(gè)人.) 4.集合名詞people.police一般看作復(fù)數(shù)意義.謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式.另外一些集合名詞.如family.enemy.class. population.army等作主語時(shí).謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式.要根據(jù)這些詞在句中的實(shí)際含義而定.當(dāng)它們表示的是整體意義時(shí).謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,當(dāng)它們強(qiáng)調(diào)或著重指?jìng)(gè)體成員時(shí).謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.如: Are there any police around?附近有警察嗎? There were few people present.出席的人寥寥無幾. His family isn't large.他家的人不多. 5.名詞性物主代詞mine.yours.his.hers.its.ours.theirs等作主語時(shí).謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于該動(dòng)詞后面名詞的數(shù).動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)形式.謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,動(dòng)詞后面名詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式.謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.如: His is a new bike.他的是一輛新自行車. Ours are old bikes.我們的是些舊自行車. 6.many a意為“許多 .但因后面跟的是單數(shù)名詞.謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式.如: Many a person has had that kind of experience.許多人都有過這種經(jīng)歷. 查看更多

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

根據(jù)所給的中文和括號(hào)內(nèi)的語法提示, 把下面句子翻譯成英語,寫在答題卷相應(yīng)的橫線上。

1. 我覺得很奇怪他睡得那么少卻能夠干得那么賣力。(賓語從句)

I find ______ ________ ______ he is able to work so hard with so little sleep.

2. 這兩姐妹一定是吵架了,因?yàn)樗齻兓ゲ焕聿恰?must have done)

The sisters _______ _______ _______ an argument, for they are no longer talking to each other.

3. 那位老師和兩個(gè)學(xué)生參加了會(huì)議。(主謂一致)

The ________ with two ________ ________ at the meeting.

4. 是什么事使他不能參加我們的會(huì)議仍然是個(gè)謎。(主語從句)

_______ prevented him from _______ our meeting still ______ a mystery.

5.老師不用抬頭看就已經(jīng)知道是哪個(gè)學(xué)生在班上講話。(V+ing 作賓語)

Without ______ ______ _______ her desk, the teacher already knew which student was talking in class.  

 

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根據(jù)所給的中文和括號(hào)內(nèi)的語法提示, 把下面句子翻譯成英語,寫在答題卷相應(yīng)的橫線上。
【小題1】 我覺得很奇怪他睡得那么少卻能夠干得那么賣力。(賓語從句)
I find ______ ________ ______ he is able to work so hard with so little sleep.
【小題2】 這兩姐妹一定是吵架了,因?yàn)樗齻兓ゲ焕聿恰?must have done)
The sisters _______ _______ _______ an argument, for they are no longer talking to each other.
【小題3】 那位老師和兩個(gè)學(xué)生參加了會(huì)議。(主謂一致)
The ________ with two ________ ________ at the meeting.
【小題4】 是什么事使他不能參加我們的會(huì)議仍然是個(gè)謎。(主語從句)
_______ prevented him from _______ our meeting still ______ a mystery.
【小題5】老師不用抬頭看就已經(jīng)知道是哪個(gè)學(xué)生在班上講話。(V+ing 作賓語)
Without ______ ______ _______ her desk, the teacher already knew which student was talking in class.  

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語法:根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求和句子意思,用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語填空。(每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞;每格0.5分,滿分10分)

 76. 萬圣節(jié)期間,如果鄰居們不給孩子們糖果,孩子們很可能會(huì)作弄他們。(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)

 If the neighbours do not give them any sweets, the children _______ _______ ________

_______ on them in Halloween.

77. 這就是她想離開的原因。(表語從句)

That’s _______ _______ _______ to leave.

78. 不少的人認(rèn)為,你不用五天就能橫跨加拿大。(同位語從句)

Some people have the idea _______ you can cross Canada in _______ _______ five days . 

79. 電子郵件和電話一樣在日常交際活動(dòng)中起著重要的作用。(主謂一致)

Email, as well as telephones, ________ _______ _______ important role in daily communication.

80. 大清早,我們騎著自行車到郊外種樹,一路上有說有笑。(非謂語動(dòng)詞)

In the morning, we bicycled to the suburb to plant trees, _______ _______ _______ all the way.

81. 中華民俗文化村的每個(gè)區(qū)域都是根據(jù)全國各地文化遺產(chǎn)仿造而來的。(構(gòu)詞法)

Every area of the China Folk Cultural Village ________ _______ _______ the ________ relics from all over China. 

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主謂一致:

Many a young man ________(think)life is meaningless.

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主謂一致:

Jack is the only one of those boys who ________(work)hard.

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