C
Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (獎(jiǎng)券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.
In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.
The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
64．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.
B．Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated.
C．In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.
D．Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive.
65．The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that ________.
A．monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows
B．feeling bitter at unfairness is also monkey’s nature
C．monkeys, like humans, tend to be envious of each other
D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings
66．Which of the following conclusions is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Human beings' feelings of anger are developed from the monkeys.
B．In the research, male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.
C．Co-operation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.
D．Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness dating back to 35 million years ago.
67．What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study?
A．The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses.
B．They usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
C．The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.
D．Co-operation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild.

Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.

The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.

Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (獎(jiǎng)券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.

In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.

The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

1.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.

B．In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.

C．Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated.

D．Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive.

2.The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that ________.

A．monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows

B．monkeys, like humans, tend to be envious of each other

C．no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings

D．feeling angry at unfairness is also monkey’s nature

3.Female monkeys of this kind are chosen for the research most probably because they are _________.

A．more likely to pay attention to the value of what they get

B．a(chǎn)ttentive to researchers’ instructions

C．nice in both appearance and behaviors

D．more ready to help others than their male companions

4.We can learn ________according to the passage?

A．Human beings' feelings of anger are developed from the monkeys.

B．Cooperation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.

C．In the research, male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.

D．Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness dating back to 35 million years ago.

5.What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study?

A．The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses.

B．The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.

C．They usually show their feelings openly as humans do.

D．Cooperation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild.

第三部分 閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Some people have unforgettable past memories that make them sad and angry. Well, to deal with this, I suggest that you pick yourself up and move ahead. It is easier said than done! So here are a few ways to bring about the change.

Do something you really love doing. We all have interest in what we love working on, but most of us don’t have any time to do anything about them. Well, this is your time to do that! It’ll take your mind away from whatever is making you unhappy and of course it’ll help you remember your happy days in the past when you used to relax more often.

Think long and hard. I’m sure you must be doing this already, but I want you to think about the effect that forgiving other people could have. Think about whether you are ready to accept the changes this might bring.

Write about your feelings. Most people are too lazy to write, but it is often the best way to clear your mind. Write about your experiences and then forget about your past memories. On the Internet there are thousands of places where you can list out all your experiences without writing down your real name.

Make a start on this and I’m sure the frequency of your worries will decrease soon enough.

56. The passage is mainly about ______.

A. how to forget bad past memories            B. how to do the things we love

C. learning to accept changes                      D. writing about past memories

57. According to the passage, the best way to forget past memories is to ______.

A. write about your feelings and experiences       B. pick yourself up and move ahead

C. write letters to the author                             D. forgive lazy people

58. The author thinks we can’t do the things we love because ______.

A. it will take our minds away                    B. we don’t have any time

C. it will recollect our memories                 D. it is easier said than done

59. What is Not true according to the passage?

A. Forgiving other people could help you pick yourself up.

B. It’s easier said than done when you try to lessen your sadness.

C. You can write your feelings on the internet without your real name.

D. Writing your feelings out is to make you remember your sad past.

A dog can’t speak words, but it can “talk”. It has feelings just as you do. At times it may feel angry or afraid. Watch a dog closely. You can see what it is trying to tell you. When you are afraid, you may look down shyly. A fearful dog looks away from you. It may run away too. When you are angry with people, you stare at them and press your lips together. An angry dog also stares. Sometimes the hair along its back stands up.

Do you feel guilty when you have done something you shouldn’t? Dogs can feel guilty, too. At times when I come home, my dog gives me a guilty look. Then I know he’s done something wrong.

Dogs need love and attention. Some dogs are very unhappy when they are left alone for a long time. Some dogs even snap(撕咬) if they don’t get enough attention.

You may have a dog or you may know a dog. Treat it well if you want to have fun with it. Play with it. Take it on walks. Don’t order it round too much. Try not to punish it one time and not the next for doing the same thing. Always remember, a dog has needs and feelings just as you do. Talk to a dog, it’ll talk to you, too.

1.If a dog snaps at things, it is because it may ______.

2.You can tell that a dog has done something bad when _________.

3.Which of the following things does the writer advise you to do towards your dog?

4. Suppose you punish your dog for tearing up a shoe, what should you do the next time it does so?

5.The word “guilty” in the second paragraph most probably means _______.

We do some strange things when we don’t like the way our life is going．Too often we blame(責(zé)怪)someone else．‘‘I wish my parents were more understanding．”

“I have such a bad Chemistry teacher!”

“My friends are so boring and self-centered．They make my life worse and worse．’’

Blame! Blame! Blame!

It seems natural to sing this self-pitying song，but the truth is，if you don’t like your life，you should do something about it．No one else knows exactly how you feel or what you need．No one can read your mind correctly．You are the only one with the power to cheek your life，and if you want it to be different，you can change what you’re doing．

When you’re in trouble，don’t give away your power to decide how you feel about yourself. Choose how you want to think and act．Other people can’t make you unhappy or angry．They only act in their own way and then it’s up to you to decide how you will respond(回應(yīng))．For example，your friends go out to lunch without you and you feel very angry．How are you going to act? You may blame your friends，“They are not kind．Who needs them anyway?” Or you may tell your friends how you feel，listen to their explanation，and let them know you’d like to be invited next time．

When you decide everything in your own way，you’re getting hold of your own life and shaping(塑造)it according to your tastes and feelings．You can choose to be happy，to make friends and to build an interesting life．When you blame others for what is or isn’t happening in your life，you have stopped growing or learning．

One of the most important rules is that you can never change another person by your direct action．The only person you have the right to change is yourself．Once you change，the other person has something different to respond to and change is possible．If you want change in your life，begin with yourself．

1.What should we do if we don’t like our life?

A．Change what we’re doing．              B．Read our minds correctly．

C．Sing that self-pitying song．               D．Tell others what we want．

2.If the writer’s friends have dinner together without him，he may _________.

A．a(chǎn)sk somebody else to talk to them

B．do the same thing to them in return

C．talk to them and try to find out why

D．forget it and be still friendly with them

3.What’s the writer’s idea about how to change others?

A．He thinks it’s impossible to change others．

B．He believes our love can change everything．

C．He chooses to talk with others directly．

D．He prefers to change ourselves first instead．

4.At the beginning of the passage three examples are given __________.

A．to support the idea that people often blame others

B．to suggest that there are various problems in people’s life

C．to show that not all chemistry teachers are fit for their job

D．to explain the reason why some people’s life is worse and worse

5.What’s the best title of the passage?

A．Blame! Blame! Blame!                    B．Who Controls My Life?

C．Change! Change! Change!                 D．What Makes Me Unhappy?

We do some strange things when we don’t like the way our life is going．Too often we blame(責(zé)怪)someone else．‘‘I wish my parents were more understanding．”
“I have such a bad Chemistry teacher!”
“My friends are so boring and self-centered．They make my life worse and worse．’’
Blame! Blame! Blame!
It seems natural to sing this self-pitying song，but the truth is，if you don’t like your life，you should do something about it．No one else knows exactly how you feel or what you need．No one can read your mind correctly．You are the only one with the power to cheek your life，and if you want it to be different，you can change what you’re doing．
When you’re in trouble，don’t give away your power to decide how you feel about yourself. Choose how you want to think and act．Other people can’t make you unhappy or angry．They only act in their own way and then it’s up to you to decide how you will respond(回應(yīng))．For example，your friends go out to lunch without you and you feel very angry．How are you going to act? You may blame your friends，“They are not kind．Who needs them anyway?” Or you may tell your friends how you feel，listen to their explanation，and let them know you’d like to be invited next time．
When you decide everything in your own way，you’re getting hold of your own life and shaping(塑造)it according to your tastes and feelings．You can choose to be happy，to make friends and to build an interesting life．When you blame others for what is or isn’t happening in your life，you have stopped growing or learning．
One of the most important rules is that you can never change another person by your direct action．The only person you have the right to change is yourself．Once you change，the other person has something different to respond to and change is possible．If you want change in your life，begin with yourself．
【小題1】What should we do if we don’t like our life?

A dog can’t speak words, but it can “talk”. It has feelings just as you do. At times it may feel angry or afraid. Watch a dog closely. You can see what it is trying to tell you. When you are afraid, you may look down shyly. A fearful dog looks away from you. It may run away too. When you are angry with people, you stare at them and press your lips together. An angry dog also stares. Sometimes the hair along its back stands up.
Do you feel guilty when you have done something you shouldn’t? Dogs can feel guilty, too. At times when I come home, my dog gives me a guilty look. Then I know he’s done something wrong.
Dogs need love and attention. Some dogs are very unhappy when they are left alone for a long time. Some dogs even snap(撕咬) if they don’t get enough attention.
You may have a dog or you may know a dog. Treat it well if you want to have fun with it. Play with it. Take it on walks. Don’t order it round too much. Try not to punish it one time and not the next for doing the same thing. Always remember, a dog has needs and feelings just as you do. Talk to a dog, it’ll talk to you, too.
【小題1】If a dog snaps at things, it is because it may ______.

Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.

The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.

Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (獎(jiǎng)券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.

In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.

The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

68. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A. Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.

B. Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated.

C. In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.

D. Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive.

69. The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that ________.

A. monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows  

B. feeling bitter at unfairness is also monkey’s nature

C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be envious of each other

D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings

70. Which of the following conclusions is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Human beings' feelings of anger are developed from the monkeys.

B. In the research, male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.

C. Co-operation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.

D. Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness that dates from 35 million years ago.

71. What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study?

A. The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses.

B. They usually show their feelings openly as humans do.

C. The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.

D. Co-operation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild.

Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (獎(jiǎng)券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.
In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.
The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
【小題1】According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

閱讀下面短文并回答問題，然后將答案寫到答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上（請(qǐng)注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求）。

[1] Have you had a headache during a test? Have you ever been so worried about something that you have a headache or even can’t sleep at night? If so, then you know what stress is. Stress is what you feel when you are worried about something. This worry in your mind can make your body feel bad. You may feel angry、sad、scared , or afraid—of which can give you a stomachache or a headache.

[2] However, there are different kinds of stress. Some kinds of stress are good and others are bad. Good stress might happen when you’re called to answer questions in class or when you have to give a speech. This kind of stress can help you to get things better done. For example, you may do a better job on your test if the stress pushes you to prepare better before the test.

[3] On the other hand, bad stress can happen if_____________________________, If your parents are fighting, if a family member is sick, if you’re having problems at school, or if anything else makes you unhappy every day. That kind of stress isn’t going to help you. And it can actually make you sick.

[4] The best way to fight the stress is to have a balanced diet. Make sure you keep yourself in mind: Sleep、Exercise、Leisure、and food. If you get enough sleep and eat properly, and if you exercise and leave time for fun, you’ll probably feel less stressed.

76. What is the best title of the passage? ( no more than 5 words)

77. What is the best way to deal with the stress? ( no more than 5 words)

78. Fill in the blank in paragraph 3 with proper words. ( no more than 5 words)

79. According to the passage, list at least three ways to keep away the stress.

80. What is “ so” in Paragraph 1 referred to?

Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.

       The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys.

       They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like females human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.

       Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens（獎(jiǎng)券）for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.

       In the world of monkeys, grapes are excellent goods（and much preferable to cucumbers）. So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room(without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.

       The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

1．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

       A．Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.

       B．Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated.

       C．In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.

       D．Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive.

2．The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that                   .

       A．monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows

       B．feeling bitter at unfairness is also monkey’s nature

       C．monkeys, like humans, tend to be envious of each other

       D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings

3．Female monkeys of this kind are chosen for the research most probably because they are                           .

       A．more likely to weigh what they get

       B．a(chǎn)ttentive to researchers’ instructions

       C．nice in both appearance and behaviors

       D．more ready to help others than their male companions

4．Which of the following conclusions is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Human beings’ feeling of anger is developed from the monkeys.

B．In the research, male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.

C．Co-operation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.

D．Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness which dates back to 35 million years ago.

5．What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study?

       A．The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses.

       B．They usually show their feelings openly as humans do.

       C．The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.

       D．Co-operation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild.

第三部分  閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）

     閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

Some people have unforgettable past memories that make them sad and angry. Well, to deal with this, I suggest that you pick yourself up and move ahead. It is easier said than done! So here are a few ways to bring about the change.

Do something you really love doing. We all have interest in what we love working on, but most of us don’t have any time to do anything about them. Well, this is your time to do that! It’ll take your mind away from whatever is making you unhappy and of course it’ll help you remember your happy days in the past when you used to relax more often.

Think long and hard. I’m sure you must be doing this already, but I want you to think about the effect that forgiving other people could have. Think about whether you are ready to accept the changes this might bring.

Write about your feelings. Most people are too lazy to write, but it is often the best way to clear your mind. Write about your experiences and then forget about your past memories. On the Internet there are thousands of places where you can list out all your experiences without writing down your real name.

Make a start on this and I’m sure the frequency of your worries will decrease soon enough.

56. The passage is mainly about ______.

A. how to forget bad past memories            B. how to do the things we love

C. learning to accept changes                      D. writing about past memories

57. According to the passage, the best way to forget past memories is to ______.

A. write about your feelings and experiences       B. pick yourself up and move ahead

C. write letters to the author                             D. forgive lazy people

58. The author thinks we can’t do the things we love because ______.

A. it will take our minds away                    B. we don’t have any time

C. it will recollect our memories                 D. it is easier said than done

59. What is Not true according to the passage?

A. Forgiving other people could help you pick yourself up.

B. It’s easier said than done when you try to lessen your sadness.

C. You can write your feelings on the internet without your real name.

D. Writing your feelings out is to make you remember your sad past.

第三部分  閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）

     閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Some people have unforgettable past memories that make them sad and angry. Well, to deal with this, I suggest that you pick yourself up and move ahead. It is easier said than done! So here are a few ways to bring about the change.

Do something you really love doing. We all have interest in what we love working on, but most of us don’t have any time to do anything about them. Well, this is your time to do that! It’ll take your mind away from whatever is making you unhappy and of course it’ll help you remember your happy days in the past when you used to relax more often.

Think long and hard. I’m sure you must be doing this already, but I want you to think about the effect that forgiving other people could have. Think about whether you are ready to accept the changes this might bring.

Write about your feelings. Most people are too lazy to write, but it is often the best way to clear your mind. Write about your experiences and then forget about your past memories. On the Internet there are thousands of places where you can list out all your experiences without writing down your real name.

Make a start on this and I’m sure the frequency of your worries will decrease soon enough.

56. The passage is mainly about ______.

A. how to forget bad past memories            B. how to do the things we love

C. learning to accept changes                      D. writing about past memories

57. According to the passage, the best way to forget past memories is to ______.

A. write about your feelings and experiences       B. pick yourself up and move ahead

C. write letters to the author                             D. forgive lazy people

58. The author thinks we can’t do the things we love because ______.

A. it will take our minds away                    B. we don’t have any time

C. it will recollect our memories                 D. it is easier said than done

59. What is Not true according to the passage?

A. Forgiving other people could help you pick yourself up.

B. It’s easier said than done when you try to lessen your sadness.

C. You can write your feelings on the internet without your real name.

D. Writing your feelings out is to make you remember your sad past.

Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed ,if he is known as being lazy ,you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of  Emory University in Atlanta ,Georgia ,which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey ,as well.

       The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys.

       They look smart .They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily .Above all ,like females human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.

       Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study .The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens（獎(jiǎng)券）for food. Normally ,the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber .However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms ,so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.

       In the world of monkeys ,grapes are excellent goods（and much preferable to cucumbers） .So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber .And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all ,the other either shook her own token at the researcher ,or refused to accept the cucumber .Indeed ,the mere presence of a grape in the other room(without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.

       The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans ,are guided by social senses .In the wild ,they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each  animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems ,are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However ,whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago ,is ,as yet ,an unanswered question.

1．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

       A．Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.

       B．Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated.

       C．In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.

       D．Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes ,for grapes are more attractive.

2．The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that      .

       A．monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows

       B．feeling bitter at unfairness is also monkey’s nature

       C．monkeys ,like humans, tend to be envious of each other

       D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings

3．Female monkeys of this kind are chosen for the research most probably because they are      .

       A．more likely to weigh what they get

       B．a(chǎn)ttentive to researchers’ instructions

       C．nice in both appearance and behaviors

       D．more ready to help others than their male companions

4．Which of the following conclusions is TRUE according to the passage?

       A．Human beings’ feeling of anger are developed from the monkeys.

       B．In the research ,male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.

       C．Co-operation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.

       D．Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness which dates back to 35 million years  ago.

5．What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study?

       A．The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses.

       B．They usually show their feelings openly as humans do.

       C．The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.

       D．Co-operation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild.

Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.

The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.

Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (獎(jiǎng)券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.

In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.

The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

1.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A. Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.

B. Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated.

C. In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.

D. Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive.

2.The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that ________.

A. monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows  

B. feeling bitter at unfairness is also monkey’s nature

C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be envious of each other

D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings

3.Which of the following conclusions is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Human beings' feelings of anger are developed from the monkeys.

B. In the research, male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.

C. Co-operation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.

D. Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness that dates from 35 million years ago.

4.What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study?

A. The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses.

B. They usually show their feelings openly as humans do.

C. The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.

D. Co-operation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild.