C
It is have xxxxxx that clothing manufacturcrs（生產(chǎn)商）follow certa a untharm standards far yarious featurce（特征）of clothes. What seerns strange, however. Is that the xxxxxx adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clodns buntm. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s form the left. Lonsidering most of the world’s popalation—men and women—are right-handnd, the men’s standard would apper inake more sense for women. Xxxxx why do women’s clethes bution from the left?
Histov mally coms to matter here. Buttons finst appcaned only on the lothes or the rich in the 17^th camary. When rich women were dressed by servents. For the mostly right-hand-d servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having men’s shirt button from the right made secse.too. Most men dressed themselves, and a swont drawn from the lelt with the right hand would be lese likely to get catght in the sairt.
Tady women are seldom dressed by scryants. Hat tuaoning from the lefts still the standard for them. Is it intcesting? Actually, a standoont, once set, resists change. At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned from the left, it would have been risky for any sigle manufactura is offer women’s shirts that battoned from the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts whirt unored from the left and would have to devclop new habits and skills to switch. Benides, come women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who rociced that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts.
64.What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?
A.It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.
B.It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.
C.It works better with men than with women.
D.It fails to consider right-handed people.
65.What do we know about the rich men in the 17^th century?
A.They tended to wear clothes without bottons.
B.They were interested in historical matters.
C.They were mostly dressed by servants.
D.They drew their swords from the left.
66.Women’s clothes still button from the left today because______.
A.abouting men’s style is improper for women
B.manufacturers should follow standards
C.modern women dress themselves
D.customs are hard to change
67.The passage is mainly developed by _______.
A.analyzing causes
B.making comparisons
C.examining differences
D.following the time order

Culture helps human societies survive in changing natural environment．For example, the end of the last Ice Age, beginning about 15,000 years ago, brought a big challenge to which humans had to adapt．Before this time, large parts of the northern hemisphere were covered in great sheets of ice that contained much of the earth' s water．In North America, large animals that wandered the vast tundra （冰原） provided people with food and materials for clothing and simple shelters．When the earth became warm, large Ice Age animals disappeared, and many land areas were covered by rising sea levels from melting ice．But people survived, they developed new technologies and learned how to survive on new plant and animal species． Finally some people settled into permanent villages, durable houses and farms．

Cultural adaptation has made humans one of the most successful species on the planet． Through history, major developments in technology, medicine, and nutrition have allowed people to reproduce and survive in ever-increasing numbers．The global population has risen from 8 million during the Ice Age to about 6 billion today．

However, the successes of culture adaptation can also create problems in the long run．Over the last 200 years, people have begun to use large quantities of natural resources and energy and to produce a great amount of material and chemical wastes．The global population now consumes some important natural resources—such as petroleum, wood, and minerals—faster than nature can produce them．Many scientists believe that in the process of burning fuels and producing wastes, people may be changing the global climate in unpredictable and possibly harmful ways．Thus, the adaptive success of the present-day global culture of production and trade may be temporary．

1.What is the first paragraph mainly talking about?

2.To deal with the problems, human beings should ______according to the passage．

3.Which of the following is the problem caused by cultural adaptation according to the passage?

4.Which of the following can be the best tide of the passage?

E  

Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance. The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly.

The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family. Timing is another consideration. Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthly allowance.

In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money. At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget. Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance.

The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving. Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics. Many people who have written on the subject of allowances say it is not a good idea to pay your child for work around the home. These jobs are a normal part of family life.

Paying children to do extra work around the house, however, can be useful. It can even provide an understanding of how a business works.

Allowances give children a chance to experience the three things they can do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving to a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save it.

Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice: you have to cut costs and plan for the future. Requiring children to save part of their allowance can also open the door to future saving and investing. Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn about personal finance. A savings account is an excellent way to learn about the power of compound interest.

Compounding works by paying interest on interest. So, for example, one dollar invested at two percent interest for two years will earn two cents in the first year. The second year, the money will earn two percent of one dollar and two cents, and so on. That may not seem like a lot. But over time it adds up.

77.For children who receive allowances, they’d better not ________.　　

 A. waste money to buy gifts for their parents or friends　　

 B. buy their favorite clothing or electronics for themselves　　

 C. save money like their parents or other adults　　

 D. ask for the next allowance before the decided date.

78．Many parents give children an allowance regularly to ______.　　

 A. meet children’s basic need for life        

B. give control over their children　　

 C. see whether they have financial mistakes  

D. help children learn how to manage money

79.If children are required to save their allowance, they ______.　　

 A. can experience three things related to money　　

 B. can understand the relation between goals and sacrifice　　

 C. will do more work around the house　　

 D. help themselves found the basis for their future life

80. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Be Generous to Pay Your Children

B. Be Wise to Avoid Financial Mistakes

C. Saving Allowances Does Good to Children

D. Allowances Help Children Learn about Money

Clothes can make phone calls, play music, dial your pal’s number, keep you warm during cold weather and operate your computer?

This is not a fantasy. A British company, called Electrotextiles, has created a wide range of clothes—clothes that have minds of their own! Scientists, working for the company, have invented a kind of fabric that can be blended(混合) with flexible electronic materials to create intelligent clothing. The result are electronic garments.

If you think the wearer has to be wired to different devices, think again. These designer clothes are wire-free, soft to touch and washable! Like any electronic device, these high-tech clothes have to be powered. Currently, a tiny nine-volt battery serves the purpose. But the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. These clothes are 100 percent shock proof, they say.

The Electrotextiles team has also created the world’s first cloth keyboard. This keyboard can be sewn into your trousers or skirt. To use this device, you will have to sit down and tap on your lap! These ‘lap-tap’ gadgets(器具) are all set to take over laptop computers!

Another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone. This handy invention enables drivers to chat comfortably with others at the wheel! Other popular electronic wear include the denim(牛仔布) jacket with flexible earphones sewn into the hood(風(fēng)帽) and the electronic ski jacket with a built-in heater. The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.

Having completed the cloth keyboard, scientists have already started to work on a new project—a necktie that can be used as a computer mouse. What is the next? Do you have any idea?

1.The electronic garments are similar to other electronic devices in that _________.

A. they feel smooth and soft              B. they use electricity as power

C. they can be washed in water                  D. they are made from flexible materials

2.How will researchers improve these high-tech clothes?

A. Body heat will be used as power.               B. The wearer will not get shocked.

C. A tiny nine-volt battery will work.     D. They will get charged automatically.

3.What does the underlined phrase “This handy invention” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A. The laptop computer.                         B. The electronic ski jacket.

C. The shirt-cure-mobile phone.                  D. The world’s first cloth keyboard.

4.If you are going on a ski adventure, which device do you need?

A. The cloth keyboard.                  B. The electronic ski jacket.

C. The necktie to be used as a mouse.            D. The denim jacket with earphones.

5.The main purpose of the text is _________.

A. to advertise for an English company            B. to predict the future trend of science

C. to show how rapidly science develops          D. to introduce some intelligent clothing

FFather was a hardworking man who delivered bread as a living to support his wife and three children. He spent all his evenings after work attending classes，hoping to improve himself so that he could one day find a better. paid job. Except. for Sundays, Father hardly ate a meal together with his family. He worked and studied very hard because he wanted to provide his family with the best that money could buy.
Whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. Though he often longed to spend more time with his family, he weighed his contribution to his family above everything else.
The day came when the examination results were announced. To his joy, Father passed, and with distinctions too! Soon after, he was offered a good job as a senior supervisor which paid handsomely.
Like a dream come true, Father could now afford to provide his family with life’s little luxuries like nice clothing，fine food and vacation abroad.
However, the family still did not get to see Father for most of the week. He continued to work very hard, hoping to be promoted to the position of manager. In fact, to make himself a worthily candidate for the promotion, he took another course in an open university.
Again, whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. Though he often longed to spend more time with his family, he weighed his contribution to his family above everything else.
Father’s hard work paid off and he was promoted. Happily, he decided to hire a maid to relieve his wife from her domestic tasks. He also felt that their three-room flat was no longer big enough. It would be nice for his family to be able to enjoy the facilities and comfort of a condominium.  Having experienced the rewards of his hard work many times before, Father resolved to further his studies and work at being promoted again. The family still did not get to see much of him. In fact, sometimes Father had to work on Sundays entertaining clients.
 Over again, whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. Though he often longed to spend more time with his family, he weighed his contribution to his family above everything else.
As expected, Father's hard work paid off again and he bought a beautiful condominium overlooking the coast of Singapore. On the first Sunday evening at their new home, Father declared to his family that he decided not to take any more courses or pursue any more promotions. From then on he was going to devote more time to
his family, and it was a promise.
Father did not wake up the next day.
【小題1】Father worked and studied very hard because ________.

第II卷（非選擇題，共35分）

第三部分：寫作

第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)題目要求用英語回答問題（請注意問題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求）。

Many people want to offer help in a natural disaster by donating money, transporting supplies, giving blood, or offering physical assistance. Unfortunately, there are times when kind-hearted people disturb more than they help in a natural disaster. An untrained individual may end up becoming another person in need of rescue.

If you decide to be a volunteer during a natural disaster, be sure you coordinate(使協(xié)調(diào)) with trained rescuers so that your assistance can be effectively made use of. You may be able to offer transportation to survivors that are not seriously injured, or you may be able to help bring in necessities; however, you should never decide by yourself what needs to be done.

Giving donations is often the best way to help in a natural disaster. Just make sure that your donation goes to a reliable organization. That means the organization will spend the largest percentage of its donations on direct assistance to victims of the natural disaster; _________. After a natural disaster, dishonest “charities” often show up trying to collect money. If you are donating to help during a natural disaster, look for a well-recognized, well-respected name, or do some research before giving. If you would like to check out different charities, a good place to start is the Better Business Bureau.

If you would rather donate food, clothing, or other supplies, make sure such items are sent to the proper location where they can be effectively sorted and distributed to those in need.

Just know that any effort you make to help, no matter how large or how small, will be appreciated.

56. What is the best title for the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)           ____________________________________________________________________________

57. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

If you have not been trained, you may become trapped or harmed during the course of the rescue.              ____________________________________________________________________________

58. Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with the appropriate words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 20 words.)             ____________________________________________________________________________

59. How are you going to offer help in a natural disaster? Give your reasons.

(Please answer within 30 words.)

____________________________________________________________________________

60. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

____________________________________________________________________________

High-quality customer service is preached(宣揚) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done.

Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.

Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school.

“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”

On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.

According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.

The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞滿了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.

During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting（業(yè)余兼職的）local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.

Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.

Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.

“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”

Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.

1.Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?

A. Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.

B. Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.

C. Few customers believe the service will be improved.

D. Customers have no easy access to store managers.

2.What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “ … the shopper must also find a replacement” (Line 2, Para. 4)?

A. New customers are bound to replace old ones.

B. It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores.

C. Most stores provide the same.

D. Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too.

3.What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?

A. Manners of the salespeople.

B. Hiring of efficient employees.

C. Huge supply of goods for sale.

D. Design of the store layout.

4.To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________.

A. exert pressure on stores to improve their service

B. settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way

C. voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly

D. shop around and make comparisons between stores

For shopoholics, the post-Christmas period means only one thing ---- sales! Across the country, prices are reducing sharply on clothing, electronics and home furniture, but London is the place for serious shopping, and you can certainly pick up some amazing bargains.

The sales start on Boxing Day — 26th December, and continue for the month of January, but the keenest bargain hunters get there early to be first through the doors. In Oxford Street queues formed outside shops ahead of before-dawn openings for the start of their sales. At Brent Cross, in north London, more than 1,000 people were queuing at 3.30 am for the ‘Next’ clothing store’s sale which began at 4 am. Some eager individuals even camped outside the shops to be first in the line.

Consumers who hit the shops were rewarded with discounts of as much as 80% as department stores joined the bargain sales. The shops are very crowded as the sales reached the boiling-point, with more than half a million people gathering on London’s West End.

Famous sales include the biggest, most popular shops such as Harrods, Selfridges, Liberty and John Lewis. Department stores are always a good bet — you’re likely to find everything you need under one roof, including much-needed food and drinks!

It’s a good time to stock up on cheap small tools, and there’s no better time to invest in some designer clothes.

Some people are taking their partners shopping with them, and buying their Christmas presents in the sale----a practical but unromantic way of making sure you get the gift you really want. For a less exciting but less stressful shopping experience, online sellers are also getting in on the act with January sales of their own.

The most organized of all are those who are already doing their present shopping for next Christmas, in the January sales!

1.In the sales, people can buy, at a very low price, all of the following except ______.

2. We can learn from the passage that the sales ______.

3.“Hit the shops” in the third paragraph means to ______.

4.     What is the best title for this passage?

Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat, when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.

The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared; the “l(fā)ife-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the need in comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “l(fā)uxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?

A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

1.According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when       .

A. he has saved up enough money

B. he has grown dissatified with his simple shelter

C. he has satisfied his hunger

D. he has learned to build houses

2.It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans          .

A. were very rich       B. lived in poverty

C. had the good things on the first three levels

D. did not own automobiles

3.Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction” ?

A. A successful career.                 B. A comfortable home.

C. A good meal.                          D. A family car.

4.What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?

A. The more goods the better.

B. The more mental satisfaction the better.

C. The more “l(fā)uxury” items the better.

D. The more earnings the better.

More than 20 million kids in the United States live with one parent. Separation and divorce are the most common reasons for this. In other cases, the mom and dad may never have lived together, or one of them may have died.

Living with one parent instead of two can bring about a lot of emotions. These feelings can be pretty strong, and they can be confusing, too. You might feel terribly sad and angry because your parents divorced.

Single parents are often working parents because someone needs to earn money to buy food, clothing, and a place to live in. Having a job means your mom or dad is able to provide these things and more for you. People work for other reasons, too. A job can let a person use his or her special talents and skills. A job can be important because it helps people in the community.

But even though you might understand why your mom or dad has to work, sometimes it can be hard to accept. This can be especially true during the summer or school vacations. You’re home, they’re gone, and the days can seem really long.

It can be tough when you don’t have enough time with your dad or mom. When you live with one parent, that person really has to do the work of two people. Besides a job, your mom or dad is responsible for caring for the kids, the house, the yard, the car and the pets. So what can you do ?

One of the best ways is to hold a family meeting. Talk about everyone’s schedule for work, school, and activities. You can also talk about what jobs around the house need to be done every day. You might want to help your parent cook dinner sometimes. That can be both fun and helpful to your parent. Maybe you can also schedule a weekly game or a movie at night.

1.What are the main reasons for kids’ living with one parent?

A．Separation and divorce.                  B．A lot of emotions.

C．Working and caring for the kids.            D．Working parents.

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Some kids live with one parent for the other’s death.

B．Living with one parent can cause a lot of emotions.

C．Working means a mom or dad is able to provide things for their kids.

D．Kids can also talk about what jobs in their school can be done at a family meeting.

3.It can be inferred from the underlined sentence (in Paragraph 4 ) that ______

A．the kid in the company of friends does want help

B．the kid who plays with both parents does need their love

C．the kid lacks both parents’ love does feel lonely

D．the kid who understands parents’ work does be helpful

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A．Living with a single parent                 B．Single parents and work

C．How to work with a single parent            D．Schedules for work

Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat, when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.

The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared; the “l(fā)ife-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the need in comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “l(fā)uxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?

A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when       .

A. he has saved up enough money

B. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter

C. he has satisfied his hunger

D. he has learned to build houses

It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans        .

A. were very rich      

B. lived in poverty

C. had the good things on the first three levels

D. did not own automobiles

Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction” ?

A. A successful career.                 B. A comfortable home.

C. A good meal.                          D. A family car.

What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?

A. The more goods the better.

B. The more mental satisfaction the better.

C. The more “l(fā)uxury” items the better.

D. The more earnings the better.

Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat, when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.

The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared; the “l(fā)ife-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the need in comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “l(fā)uxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?

A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when       .

A. he has saved up enough money

B. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter

C. he has satisfied his hunger

D. he has learned to build houses

It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans        .

A. were very rich       B. lived in poverty

C. had the good things on the first three levels

D. did not own automobiles

Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction” ?

A. A successful career.                 B. A comfortable home.

C. A good meal.                          D. A family car.

What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?

A. The more goods the better.

B. The more mental satisfaction the better.

C. The more “l(fā)uxury” items the better.

D. The more earnings the better.

The US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “aducation” through games and other entertainment.

       A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. "Call me Haiz", he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.

       Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.

      The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things: To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.

       Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.

       The Admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.

       One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade Commission(FTC) says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009.

       The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.

       A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.

What is the best title of the text?

       A. The guide of Admongo

       B. An education website for children

       C. A popular online video game

       D. A website aimed at children

Why did the government start the website?

       A. To attract the biggest market of buyers.

       B. To sell the products of its company.

       C. To help children know about advertising.

       D. To advertise the video game for children.

What can players do in the website game?

       A. Choose hair styles for their character.

       B. Travel to a supermarket.

       C. Eat in a fast-food restaurant.

       D. Play video games during the trip.

Children are important for advertising because they are        .

       A. important for the society

       B. the most potential buyers

       C. easily influenced by ads

       D. easily affected by poor products

According to Michelle Obama, lots of food advertised for children are ________.

    A. healthy                        B. of high nutrition

    C. yummy                        D. of low quality

High-quality customer service is preached(宣揚) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done. Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen. Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school.

“Storytelling hurts the boss and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.” On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be bad to bosses.

According to the research, shoppers who bought clothing met the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers. The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞滿了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople. During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided fight between those eyeing the same parking space.

Bosses can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.

Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers. “Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.” Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filling complaints to the boss, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Bosses are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.

1. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?

A. Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.

B. Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.

C. Few customers believe the service will be improved.

D. Customers have no easy access to store managers.

2. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “ … the shopper must also find a replacement” (Line 2, Para. 4)?

A. New customers are sure to replace old ones.

B. It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores.

C. Most stores provide the same

D. Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too.

3. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers_____

A. can stay longer walking in the store  B. won’t have trouble parking their cars

C. won’t have any worries about safety  D. can find their cars easily after shopping

4. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?

A .Manners of the salespeople   B. Hiring of efficient employees

C. Huge supply of goods for sale   D. Design of the store layout.

5. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________.

A exert pressure on stores to improve their service

B. settle their problem with stores in a diplomatic（外交）way

C. voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly

D. shop around and make comparisons between stores

完形填空：（共30分，每小題1.5分）

My 14-year-old son, John,  and I                        

 Spotted（挑出，察覺） the coat at the same time.  It was               

hanging at a （an）  36    clothing store. 

The coat had a black velvet collar（天鵝絨衣領(lǐng)）,  delightful

tailoring,  a Fifth Avenue label （標(biāo)簽） and a （an） 37    price of  $28.

We looked at   38   , saying nothing, 39   John’s eyes shone.  Dark, woolen topcoats were popular just then with   40  ,  but could    41   several hundred dollars new.

    John  42   the coat.  He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious,  studied 43  that soon changed into a smile.  The   44   was perfect.  John wore the coat to school the next day and came home wearing a big smile.  “How did the kids like your coat? ”  I asked.  “They love it. ” He said, carefully    45  it over the chair and smoothing it flat.

Over the next few weeks, the 46  came over John.  Quiet, reasoned discussion was 47  argument.  He became more thoughtful and eager to  48    .  “Good dinner,  Mum, ” he would say every evening.  One day when I suggested that he might start on homework before dinner,  John said,  “You are right,  and I guess I will. ”

When I    49   this to one of his teachers and remarked that I didn’t know   50  caused the changes,  she said with laughter,  “It must be his coat! ” At the library,  we  51  to meet a friend who had not seen our children for a long time.  “  52  this be John? ” He asked,  looking up to John’s new height and coat,  and extending his hand,  one gentleman to another.

John and I both knew we should never 53  a person’s clothes for the real person within them.  But there is something to be said for   54   a standard of excellence for the world to see,  for practicing standard of excellence in thought,  speech and behavior,  and for   55 what is on the inside with what is on the outside.

A. second-hand        B. expensive       C. big           D. cheap

A. reasonable         B. unbelievable     C. special        D. average

A. each other         B. one another      C. the other       D. others

A. therefore          B. however         C. but           D. thus

A. adults            B. people           C. parents        D. teenagers

A. spend            B. cost             C. pay           D. take

A. touched          B. buttoned          C. held          D. obtained

A. gesture           B. expression        C. attitude        D. feeling

A. color             B. price             C. fit           D. style

A. pressing         B. taking            C. hanging       D. folding

A. happiness        B. satisfaction        C. change          D. generosity

A. because of           B. instead of         C. aware of           D. full of

A. please                 B. understand        C. complain          D. apologize

A. mentioned           B. wrote            C. reported           D. explained

A. when            B. how              C. what           D. that

A. happened         B. came             C. intended        D. decided

A. Should           B. Would            C. Must           D. Could

A. watch            B. judge             C. mistake         D. consider

A. doing            B. showing           C. speaking        D. wearing

A. comparing        B. connecting         C. combining       D. matching

Dior was born in Normandy in 1905, and his family’s original plans for him included a career in the diplomatic service, but by the time he was twenty-three, with his parents’money, he opened a small art gallery in Paris. By 1931, the money had been used up. Dior’s friends in the art gallery, asked him to draw and he took his first step at designing and drawing. His first job was with Lucien Lelong from whom Dior learned his craft（手藝）.

In February,1947, Dior started the New Look in his first major Paris collection. He was backed by a famous textile producer, Boussac, who looked after the dollars, while Dior looked after the fashions. Dior knew nothing about cutting and sewing, but he was good at fashion design.

The New Look started an entirely different look to costume, with a tiny waist, a rounded shoulder and a shapely bust（胸圍）, usually with a low-cut neckline and a long full skirt. To women who had lived through the war years, the femaleness of the New look was a great success, for people were tired of tile extremely plain, wartime restrictive fashions.

It is said that dresses by Dior were “constructed like buildings”, but young people were attracted to his design, and all over the western world, manufacturers plunged(投入) into the production of his new style. Dior’s revolutionary designs lighted up a whole cycle of fashion, rounded, gentle, feminine, a delight in elegance. A New Look House of Dior opened in 1948, followed by one in London. Considered as King of Couture（women’s clothing）for years, the Dior empire grew until it covered every country in the western world, and included furs, hosiery, jewelry, perfumes, men’s wear and on and on. More than 1,000 people worked at the Paris headquarters then.

His sudden death in 1957 when he was 53 years old did not stop the growth of the House of Dior. Even now, so many years after his death, his name is closely connected with fashion throughout the world, and indeed is one of the most recognized names in the world, His first, great New Look, with its long skirts was an expression of freedom in the late 1940s.

1.Which of the following designs is close to Dior’s?

           A.              B.                 C.                D.

2.According to the passage. in Dior’s life, he did NOT___________.

A. make creative fashion designs                          B. work in a diplomatic service

C. 1earn craft as his first job                                      D. open a New Look House

3.We can infer from the passage that _________.

A. Dior and his supporter had different interests in business

B. Dior’s New Look had little influence on people then

C. Dior is only a brand of women’s fashion

D. Dior’s fashion was not accepted at first

4.What is probably the best title for the passage?         .

A. The History of the New Look                         B. The Growth of the Dior Empire

C. An Expression of Freedom—Dior                 D. The Founder of the New Look—Dior

Tourism wasn’t as important as it is today. In the past, only people with a good deal of money could travel on holidays to other countries. More people travel today than in the past because there is a growing middle class in many parts of the world; that is to say, people now have more money for travel. Special plane fares for tourists make travel less expensive and more attractive than ever before. One person doesn’t travel for the same reason as another. But most people enjoy seeing countries that are different from their own. They also like to meet new people and to taste new food.

Tourism causes many changes in a country and in people’s lives. People build new hotels and restaurants and train native men and women as guides to show visitors around interesting places. There’re new nightclubs and other amusements. International tourism is clearly a big business.

1.In the old days _________ could travel to other countries.

A. boys and girls, men or women, young or old   

B. either kings or queens

C. both the poor and the rich                   

D. nobody but those who had money

2.More people travel today than in the past because______________.

A.  people have become interested in traveling

B.  traveling today is easier than in the past

C.  people now have spare money for travel

D.  great changes have taken place in the world

3.What makes travel more attractive than before?

1. Travel by air to other countries is much cheaper today.
2. More guides are being trained to show beautiful spots.
3. Modern telegraph lines make travel less expensive.
4. New hotels and restaurants have been built.

4.Which of the following statements is true according to the article?

A.  Tourism won’t bring any changes in people’s minds.

B.  People have some trouble in making journey.

C.  With the development of tourism, great changes have taken place in many parts in the world.

D.  Tourism causes only some changes in clothing.

5.What is the best title of the passage?

A. The Change of Tourism                B. Tourism

     C. The Importance of Tourism                            D. The Cause of Tourism Change

Does being rich make you happy? Many studies on happiness give negative answers. Here are some points in being happy.

Basic Human Needs Must Be Met

People whose basic needs for shelter, clothing and food are not met will find it very difficult to feel happy. Of course, there are exceptions, but for most of us, we can only be happy once our basic needs are met.

The Joneses Cannot Be Escaped

People’s happiness is not determined by how much they have, but by how much people around them have. So, we tend to feel happy once our basic needs are met and we have more than the people surrounding us.

This means that while keeping up with the Joneses could be destructive if we let it go too far. It is also part of humana nature to want to feel at least on the same level, financially, as those surrounding us.

You Should Escape The Rat Race

We should know the importance of staying out of the rat race. So yes, you need to work hard, get the education you need to land a good job and work long enough and hard enough to get to a place where you can easily meet your basic needs. What are basic needs? For most middle or upper middle class Americans, basic needs are not very basic anymore.

For most of us, once our basic needs have been met, happiness is achieved when we engage in activities we like, spend time with friends and family and stay active. Making money for the sake of making money does not make people happy.

Ideally, these questions should be answered when you’re still young and just starting out. Don’t wait until your midlife crisis to realize that half your life has passed you by and you’re still unhappy.

1.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A．The research on happiness.               B．Key points on being happy.

C．What makes people feel unhappy.           D．Being rich makes people happy.

2.In the view of the author, we know that ______.

A．people need to have a place to live first of all

B．human basic needs are not necessary for being happy

C．human basic needs are fundamental for being happy

D．one will be happy if he has enough money

3.What does the underlined phrase”the Joneses” in Paragraph 4 probably stand for?

A．Expensive things.                       B．Neighbors.

C．Money.                               D．Richer people.

4.From the passage, what is the purpose of people probably to do in “the rat race”?

A．To enjoy their life with family.

B．To get high education for better jobs.

C．To work too hard for money only.

D．To work hard for basic needs.

5.What’s the attitude of the author towards the passage?

A．Money is a big problem, but money isn’t everything.

B．The love of money is the root of all evil.

C．Money doesn’t grow on trees.

D．Money is happiness.

Feeling blue about world ? “Cheer up.” Says science writer Matt Ridley.”The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and got nature.”

Ridley calls himself a tat ional optimist—tactical .because he’s carefully weighed the evidence optimistic .because that   offence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good .And this is what he’s set out to prone from unique point of view in his most recent book. The Rant anal Opting  .He views mankind as grand enterprise that .on the whole .has done little but progress for 100.000 years. He backed his finding with hard gathered though years of research.

Here’s how he explains his views.

Shopping fuels invention

It is reported that there are more than ten billion different producers for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty .our own generation has access to more nutritious food .more convenient transport .bigger houses, better ears .and of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we there things to make other things, This more we specialize and exchange, the better off we’ll be.

2) Brilliant advances

 One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ener before is that the four most basie human needs -food, clothing, fuel and shelter- have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes’ work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it’s half second.

3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change

Mitigating(減輕) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welface as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fassil-fuel(化石燃料) electrieity is forhidden by well meaming members of green polucal movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that mes in a flood caused by climate change. If chmaic change proves to be xxxx, but cutting carbon canses realparn, we may well find that we have stopped a nose bleed by putting a tournquet(止血帶) around our necks.

1.What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book?

A. Weakness of human nature.

B. Concern about climate change.

C. Importance of practical thinking.

D. Optimism about human progress.

2.How does Ridley look at shopping?

   A. It encourages the creation of things.

   B. It results in shortage of goods.

   C. It demands more fossil fuels.

   D. It causes a poverry problem.

3.The candle and lamp example is used to show that     .

   A. oil lamps give off more light than candles

   B. shortening working time brings about a happier life.

   C. advanced technology helps to produce better candles.

   D. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods.

4.What does the last sentence of the passage imply?

   A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.

   B. Overreaction to cliamate change may be dangerous.

   C. People’s health is closely related to climate change.

   D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.

     Apparently，we are safe neither at home nor in the business office.We use water in both places，but the research shows that chemicals added to our local water supply to kill harmful bacteria can have unwanted side effects.These chemicals can cause potential harm through drinking and in seemingly harmless activities as cleaning one’s house.They are released(set free)from water by daily actions like water running out of tap，spraying from garden pipes，or splashing in dishwashers and washing machines.As the water is moving.these chemicals are released into the air and then breathed in. Once inside our bodies, they start to affect our health.

　　Does this mean we should stop bathing? No, say the scientists, but we should put all pollution into perspective. Activities at home such as the burning of coal, cooking oil, or even candles release carbon monoxide and particulates such as cigarette ashes which have been proven as harmful to health as working or living near heavy traffic. New tugs, bedding, and even clothing give off that“new smell, ”which is a sure sign of chemicals. In the office, newly applied paint, newly purchased telephones and other telecommunications equipment, and computers release polluting chemicals, too. As offices and homes often have inadequate ventilation (通風(fēng)), these chemicals can build up to become health problems. Their poisonous effects are only now being slowly recognized.

　　These facts suggest that, at a minimum, proper airing of newly purchased goods with an obvious chemical smell is a wise warning. Home and office windows should be opened during good weather. Even one’s car needs to be ventilated as well while in the garage.

　　We need further research to understand better other potential health dangers, too. For example, the effects of overcrowding of schools (carbon dioxide build-up ), the factory work environment ( an endless list of potentially dangerous substances ), and even home heating and cooling (the air conditioner may be our enemies, not our friends) have only recently started to come to light. Until we understand the effects of our new technological environment better, we can only hope that“there is no place like home.”

1.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

　　A.The air we breathe in is harmful.

B.Chemicals are released in the running water.

C.Chemicals are added to the drinking water.

　　D. The water in everyday use is unsafe.

2..In Paragraph 2, the underlined sentence means that .

　　A. homes and offices should be aired often

　　B. any pollution should be taken into consideration

　　C. bathing should be done with caution

　　D.we should prevent any pollution from doing harm to us

3.What is the purpose of the passage?

　　A.To call on us to guard our water.

　　B.To show us that no place is like home.

　　C.To make us aware of the pollution around us.

　　D.To argue that neither homes nor offices are safe.