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Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer．But there is one question that has millions of current answers．That question is “What’s your name?”. Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct．
Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?
People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents．Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used．Some parents choose the name of a well-known person．A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones．
Some people give their children names that mean good things．Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”．
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names．A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road．The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest．
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations．The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals．In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village．Some other occupational names are: Carter ---- a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter ---- a person who made pots and pans．
The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native villa．The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture．
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities．When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray．Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman．John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer．
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name．English-speaking people added –s or –son．The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert．Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O．Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell．
【小題1】Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?

A．Places where people lived.

B．People’s characters.

C．Talents that people possessed.

D．People’s occupations.

【小題2】According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most
probably ____．

A．owned or drove a cart

B．made things with metals

C．made kitchen tools or containers

D．built houses and furniture

【小題3】Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named ____．

A．Beatrice Smith	B．Leonard Carter
C．George Longstreet	D．Donald Greenwood

【小題4】The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s ____． 

A．later generations	B．friends and relatives
C．colleagues and partners	D．later sponsors

The way we do things round here
Some years ago, I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started, "Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us." That "quite" saddened me. I thought he was saying "we're kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else." Then I discovered that in American English "quite" sometimes means "very", while in British English it means "fairly".
So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures（文化）．
Some of these differences may be only on the surface-dress, food and hours of work-while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate（氣候），while getting on with business.
Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite; the service is better; you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality（準時）．If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word "late" because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.
【小題1】The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought______．

A．the American bank didn't think much of him

B．the American bank might hire another person

C．it's difficult to get used to American culture

D．it's easy to misunderstand Americans

【小題2】The word "highlights" in Paragraph 2 probably means_____.

A．encourages	B．helps to narrow
C．increases	D．draws attention to

【小題3】According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences?

A．Ask the native people for help.

B．Understand and accept them.

C．Do things in our own way.

D．Do in-depth research.

【小題4】When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are______.

A．Italians

B．Germans

C．Greeks

D．the British

While small may be beautiful, tall is just plain uncomfortable it seems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.
The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small, shower heads that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says.
But it is not just the extra-tall whose needs are not being met. The average height of the population has been increasing yet the standard size of beds, doorways, and chairs has remained unchanged.
“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a king-size bed at 6′6″ (6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men, while the standard 6′3″ bed caters for less than half of the male population.” Said TPCGB president Phil Heinricy, “seven-foot beds would work fine.”
Similarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems. Small tables, which mean the long-legged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.
Some have already taken note, however. At Queens Moat Houses′ Caledoman Hotel in Edinburgh, 6′6″beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors, particularly Americans.
【小題1】What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?

A．To provide better services.

B．To rebuild hotels and restaurants.

C．To draw public attention to the needs of the tall.

D．To attract more people to become its members.

【小題2】Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?

A．7′2″.

B．7′

C．6′6″

D．6′3″

【小題3】What may happen to restaurants with small tables?

A．They may lose some customers.

B．They may start businesses elsewhere.

C．They have to find easy chairs to match the tables.

D．They have to provide enough space for the long-legged.

【小題4】What change has already been made in a hotel in Edinburgh?

A．Tall people pay more for larger beds.

B．6′6″beds have taken the place of 6′3″beds.

C．Special rooms are kept for Americans.

D．Guest rooms are standardized.

Dear Reader，
Today I'm going to ask you to support Wikipedia with a donation. Sounds unusual: Why does one of the world's five most popular websites ask for financial support from its users?
Wikipedia is built differently from almost every other top 50.We have a small number of paid staff, just twenty­three. Wikipedia content is free to use by anyone for any purpose. Wikipedia is run by the non­profit Wikipedia Foundation, which I founded in 2003.
Wikipedia's driven by a global community (群體) of more than 150,000 volunteers, all devoted to sharing knowledge freely. More than 275 million people come to our website every month to access information, free of charge and free of advertising.
Your donation helps us in several ways. Most importantly, you will help us cover the increasing cost of managing global traffic to one of the most popular websites on the Internet. Funds also help us improve the software that runs Wikipedia, making it easier to search, easier to read, and easier to write for. We're bent on growing the free knowledge movement world­wide, by employing new volunteers, and building strategic (戰(zhàn)略的) partnerships with institutes of culture and learning.
Wikipedia is different. It's the largest encyclopedia (百科全書) in history, all written by volunteers.
Like a national park or a school, we don't believe advertising should have a place in Wikipedia. We want to keep it free and strong, but we need the support of thousands of people like you, for your donation will help keep Wikipedia free for the whole world.
Thank you!
Jimmy Wales
【小題1】In the letter, Jimmy Wales, the founder of Wikimedia Foundation tries to ________.

A．compare some top websites

B．explain how Wikipedia works

C．introduce a new website to the readers

D．a(chǎn)ppeal to Wikipedia users to make donations

【小題2】Which of the following is TRUE about Wikipedia?

A．Due to its less popularity, Wikipedia is no longer attractive to advertising at all.

B．Over 275 million people come to Wikipedia to access information for free weekly.

C．Wikipedia, the world's most popular website, is run by the Wikipedia Foundation.

D．Unlike others, Wikipedia, the largest encyclopedia in history, is written by volunteers.

【小題3】From the letter we can know donations will help do the following for Wikipedia EXCEPT ________.

A．take on some new volunteers

B．develop an effective new software

C．a(chǎn)ccess free knowledge more easily

D．cover the increasing cost of management

【小題4】It can be inferred from the letter that ________.

A．Wikipedia aims to give free access to the sum of all human knowledge

B．those donating to Wikipedia will be eventually employed as its volunteers

C．most websites including Wikipedia rely on financial supports from its users

D．supported by Wikipedia Foundation, Wikipedia wants to be free from advertisements

Just outside the northern Italian town of Bra, there rises a church tower with a clock that is a half hour slow. Though not far from the industrial city of Turin, Bra smells of roses, and leisure(悠閑) is the law. It is both the home of an international movement that promotes slow food and one of Italian cities that have joined the slow cities. In Bra, population 27,866, the town fathers have declared that all small food shops be closed every Thursday and Sunday. They forbid cars in the town square. All fruits and vegetables served in local schools must be organic(有機的). And as the movement goes well, the slow concept gradually spreads across Europe.
The argument for a Slow Europe is not only that it is good, but also that it can work. The Slow City Movement, which started in 1999, has improved local economies(經(jīng)濟) by promoting local goods and tourism. Young Italians are moving from larger cities to Bra, where unemployment is only 5 percent, about half the nationwide rate. Slow food and wine festivals draw thousands of tourists every year. Shops are doing well, many with sales rising at a rate of 15% per year. “This is our answer to the world.” says Paolo Samrnini, the founder of Slow Cities.
France is in favor of slow economics. Most outsiders have long been doubtful of the French model: short hours and long vacations. Yet the French are more productive than those in the United States and Britain, and have been for years.
The mystery of French productivity has risen an Europewide debate about the advantages of working more slowly.
【小題1】The church clock that is a half hour slow severs as a symbol of ________.

A．industrial development	B．slow movement
C．global economy	D．city growth

【小題2】The low unemployment in Bra proves that ________.

A．the population is not large

B．tourism brings great job chance

C．the Slow City Movement is successful

D．the slow concept works well only in its birth place

【小題3】It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A．British workers work longer hours than the French

B．French workers work longer hours than the Italians

C．Italian workers are less productive than the Americans

D．American workers are more productive than the British

【小題4】The increased French productivity tends to ________.

A．favor a fast life style

B．throw doubt on slow economics

C．encourage a slow economic growth

D．confirm advantages of slow economics

Must-Read about Notting Hill Carnival(狂歡節(jié))
Route
The carnival procession itself begins at 9am on both Sunday and Monday. It starts on Great Western Road, winding its way along Chepstow Road, then on to Westbourne Grove, and then down Ladbroke Grove. See our Notting Hill Carnival map for the full route.
Bus 
While extra services will be in operation, no buses will enter the Carnival area from first thing Sunday morning until the first service on Tuesday morning. On both days bus services begin from Notting Hill Gate in the south and from Harrow Rd (close to Elgin Avenue) in the north.
Bike
Last year the nearest bike-parking stations – Chepstow Villas and Pembridge Road – were removed for Carnival, so don’t rely on being able to park your bike nearby this year.
Safety
Avoid carrying expensive items, such as jewellery and digital cameras. Take a bag with a secure zip to keep your more valuable possessions in and avoid putting your valuables in your back pocket. 
Do tell police if you see an incident. Officers will be stationed throughout the Carnival area. Don’t try to walk against the flow of the crowd, as you won’t get far. Drink plenty of water on the day too, especially if the sun makes an appearance.
Children
Children’s Day on Sunday is recommended for families as the smaller crowds and kid-friendly floats(游行花車) create a fun atmosphere. Arrange meeting points in case you become separated. The smaller the buggy(嬰兒車), the better. Ear defenders may be necessary for very young children.
【小題1】Visitors are warned not to bike to the Carnival because _________.

A．there are an increasing number of bike thefts there

B．there are no bike-parking stations nearby

C．roads to the Carnival area are closed to bikes

D．they will be charged with extra parking fees

【小題2】Visitors had better_________.

A．wear trousers without back pockets

B．bring plenty of beer with them

C．leave their valuables in the hotel

D．walk along the flow of the crowd

【小題3】People who go to the carnival with children are advised_________.

A．to be there on Sunday

B．to let their children go wherever they like

C．to arrange a meeting time

D．to bring ear defenders for each child.

Springtime in Paris
Departures: May 5, 12, 19 and June 9
4 days for $129 per person
Paris in the Springtime was, is and always will be, something rather special. Why not experience it for yourself with this excellent break for four days? This attractive city has something to offer everyone and with prices at just $129. It's great value too.
Your break begins with executive coach transfer (中轉(zhuǎn)) from regional (各地的) pick­up points and travel to Paris is via cross­channel ferry (渡船), arriving at your hotel in the evening. The Ibis is an excellent quality hotel with private facilities in all rooms: satellite TV, radio, telephone and alarm clock. It has a bar and a restaurant and is situated about two miles south of Notre Dame enabling you to explore Paris with ease.
The following day, after continental breakfast (included), the coach takes you on a comprehensive sightseeing tour of the city, during which you will see the Eiffel Tower, Champs Elysees, L'Arc de Triomphe, the Louvre, in fact almost every famous landmark you will ever have heard of. You then leave Paris and take a short drive to the magnificent Palace of Versailles, the home of Louis XIV. The tour ends mid­afternoon back in Paris where you will have the remainder of the day at your leisure. In the evening there is a ‘Paris By Night’ tour showing you the beautiful buildings with bright lights.
Day three takes you to Montmartre, perhaps the most picturesque quarter of Paris and home of the Sacre Coeur and the Moulin Rouge. In the afternoon you are free to explore this beautiful city as you wish, perhaps a pleasure voyage on the River Seine, wander around the picturesque gardens or look through among the antique shops (古玩店). In the evening you will have the opportunity to visit the best night­club in the city, the splendid Patin. On the final day it's back to the UK via channel ferry.
Included in the price of $129 per person：
* Return executive coach travel to Paris;
* Return ferry crossings；
* Three nights accommodation in a twin bedded room in a Central Paris hotel with private facilities；
* Continental breakfast during your stay；
* Guided sightseeing tour of “Paris By Day” and “Paris By Night”；
* Visit to Chateau of Versailles (admission not included)；
* Tour on Montmartre；
* Services of an experienced bilingual tour guide at all times.
【小題1】This advertisement is mainly________.

A．to tell tourists the route to Paris

B．to show the price of traveling to Paris

C．to introduce the city of Paris

D．to attract tourists to Paris

【小題2】During the stay in Paris, the tourists will________.

A．have a free time of half day

B．have a “Paris By Night” on the first evening

C．have a pleasure voyage on the River Seine together

D．live in a hotel two miles away from Paris

【小題3】After paying $129，the tourists will have to pay ________ in Paris.

A．the continental breakfasts

B．tour on Montmartre

C．a(chǎn)dmission ticket to Chateau of Versailles

D．services of a bilingual tour guide

【小題4】We learn from the text that________.

A．the tourists can telephone in Ibis without paying

B．the tourists will see the Eiffel Tower on the third day

C．Palace of Versailles is not in the center of Paris

D．it will take you a long time to get to Montmartre from Paris

Cooler temperatures, attractive colors, smaller crowds autumn is the perfect time for travel and tourism. Here, three places are listed as the best fall trip destinations. Don’t worry if you can’t go to these places. By reading this page, we hope to take you on grand tour and let you experience fun and culture around the world.

Cannstatter Volkfest, Stuttgart, Germany Stuttgart’s Cannstatter Volkfest is listed as the world’s second largest beer-drinking event–following Munich’s Oktoberfest. But it is considered Germany’s more authentic celebration of local heritage and, of course, beer. Started as an agricultural fair in 1818–a symbolic 24-meter-high “fruit column” pays homage to the past–the three-week festival (from September 23 to October 9 this year) features live music, a re-created Alpine village, and carnival（狂歡節(jié)） rides. In addition, Stuttgart is recognized as a global car capital. Both the Mercedes-Benz and Porsche museums are worth a visit.

 

Churchill, Manitoba, Canada Here in the northern Canadian town at Hudson Bay, visitors can see the area’s most famous fall residents–polar bears. More than a thousand of the world’s largest land carnivores migrate through the “polar bear capital of the world” during October and November, when the first ice forms on the edge of Hudson Bay.  The frozen conditions make it easier for hungry bears to hunt for seals (by walking instead of swimming). Under the snowy, winter weather, visitors can hardly have too many clothes to put on. Insulated boots, jackets, and gloves; layered clothing; thermal underwear; and woolen socks and hats are required.

 

Dublin, Ireland The Ireland’s capital and largest city is a center for arts, entertainment, culture and commerce. With few tourists and lower temperatures, fall is the ideal season for walking the historic Georgian streets and cruising the River Liffey.[來源:學(xué)_科_網(wǎng)] Visitors can explore the city’s 20 square kilometers of public gardens, nature reserves, and parks, including St. Stephen’s Green, which borders Grafton Street, one of the world’s most expensive retail locations. 　　Along the way, enjoy traditional, paper-wrapped fish and chips at Leo Burdock. 　　Healthier eats will be on the menu on October 31, when more than 12,000 runners are expected for the National Lottery Dublin Marathon, named “the Friendly Marathon” for the affable crowds cheering there.

【小題1】The passage is presented for those who           .

A．care for fun and culture around the world

B．have planned to go for traveling this autumn

C．hate to have their holidays in other seasons

D．have not ever been to Europe and America

【小題2】If you spend your holidays on October 31, you may          .

A．enjoy live music at the beer – drinking festival

B．watch polar bears hunt seals

C．taste traditional, paper – wrapped fish and clips

D．win a prize in “the Friendly Marathon”

【小題3】According to the passage, we can know that         .

A．Car exhibitions will be held for two months.

B．It’s not necessary to take more clothes with you to Churehill, Martitoba

C．The beer – drinking event in German dates from the eighteenth century

D．Your favourite goods might be available in the expensive shop in Dublin

【小題4】The passage is probably taken from the column of        in a newspaper.

A．economics

B．science

C．tourism

D．fashion

There are many dimensions(維) to football's allure（誘惑）and appeal: top-class moves, thrilling goals, majestic star players, thunderous encounters and passionate fans. Football stirs the emotions all over the globe, brings people from contrasting cultures together, and promotes solid virtues such as fairness, team spirit and tolerance. All these facts will emerge in their most intense form at the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil next summer.
Millions of people will be transfixed（讓…出神）by this unique festival of sport and friendship. We are thoroughly looking forward to football of the highest quality. We're delighted to welcome the biggest names in the sport as well as those nations set to appear at the finals for the first time. And we're looking forward to greeting fans from all over the world as they fill our cities with even more colour and life. A heartfelt welcome to everyone!
Brazil is a cosmopolitan（四海一家的）country with a passion for football. The people will devote themselves to the job of ensuring the 2014 FIFA World Cup is an unforgettable experience, a fact demonstrated by the thousands of ordinary folk who have come forward as volunteers.
Brazil is well prepared to host the FIFA World Cup. We have finished constructing our new, modern stadiums and an outstanding transportation system. The organization is in the enormously capable hands of the Organizing Committee headed by RonaldoLuiz Nazario de Lima. The slogan "A time to make friends" perfectly describes our intention to ensure everyone delighted in a secure and peaceful festival of football.
The FIFA World Cup is a unique opportunity for Brazil to present herself as a hospitable, joyful and modern nation bursting with ideas. I am convinced that the flames of passion and togetherness engendered by the FIFA World Cup in Brazil will spread to the entire world.
I'm personally looking forward to a festival of goals, excitement and fair play. We Brazilians will be right behind our national team, but our aim is to act as welcoming hosts and friends to every team and their fans. Passionate and cosmopolitan Brazil is delighted to welcome visitors to the 2014 FIFA World Cup.
【小題1】The charm of football includes all except       .

A．thrilling goals	B．the players
C．violence	D．the fans

【小題2】The underlined word “engendered ” (in Para. 5) is closest in meaning to ______.

A．brought about	B．handed over
C．turned into	D．passed down

【小題3】In order to host the World Cup ,Brazil ____

A．has organized groups of passionate fans

B．sets up a national team

C．has constructed new , modern stadiums

D．tries to take a friendly disguise

【小題4】This passage can be classified as ____

A．a(chǎn) news report	B．a(chǎn) feature story
C．greeting speech	D．a(chǎn)n advertisement