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The Book of Life

So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species(物種), and that’s just a small number of what probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other living things coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of grass is growing by the roadside or what kind of bird just flew by.

A soon-to-be-started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web-based Encyclopedia(百科全書) of Life ( EoL). The project aims to list every species on Earth in a single, easy-to-use reference guide.

To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases (數(shù)據(jù)庫) that already exist. And eventually, in special sections of the site, non-scientists with specialized knowledge will come to help. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input what birds they’ve seen and where. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it.

As the EoL develops, you might find it useful for school projects. The site will feature (以……為特色) special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems in their neighborhoods. Another convenient feature of the EoL is that you’ll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interests, age, and knowledge.

It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process.

1.The Web-based EoL aims to__________ .

A．find out what covers the earth

B．list all living things on Earth

C．work out the number of birds

D．save the existing plants

2.One characteristic of the EoL is that__________ .

A．it is run by school students

B．it focuses on different types of grass

C．it provides different levels of information

D．it allows non-scientists to review its data

3.In the last paragraph, "that process" means__________ .

A．a(chǎn)nalyzing species                        B．creating a new tool

C．collecting data                          D．describing species

Some people bring out the best in you in a way that you might never have fully realized on your own. My mom was one of those people.

My father died when I was nine months old, making my mom a single mother at the age of eighteen. While I was growing up, we lived a very hard life. We had little money, but my mom gave me a lot of love. Each night, she sat me on her lap and spoke the words that would change my life, “Kemmons, you are certain to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it.”

At fourteen, I was hit by a car and the doctors said I would never walk again. Every day, my mother spoke to me in her gentle, loving voice, telling me that no matter what those doctors said, I could walk again if I wanted to badly enough. She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her. A year later, I returned to school — walking on my own!

When the Great Depression (大蕭條) hit, my mom lost her job. Then I left school to support the both of us. At that moment, I was determined never to be poor again.

Over the years, I experienced various levels of business success. But the real turning point occurred on a vacation I took with my wife and five kids in 1951. I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was angry that they charged an extra $2 for each child. That was too expensive for the average American family. I told my wife that I was going to open a motel (汽車旅館) for families that would never charge extra for children. There were plenty of doubters at that time.

Not surprisingly, mom was one of my strongest supporters. She worked behind the desk and even designed the room style. As in any business, we experienced a lot of challenges. But with my mother’s words deeply rooted in my soul, I never doubted we would succeed. Fifteen years later, we had the largest hotel system in the world — Holiday Inn. In 1979 my company had 1,759 inns in more than fifty countries with an income of $ 1 billion a year.

You may not have started out life in the best situation. But if you can find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.

1.What Kemmons’ mom often told him during his childhood was ______.

A．caring            B．moving           C．encouraging       D．interesting

2.According to the author, who played the most important role in making him walk back to school again?

A．Doctors.          B．Nurses.           C．Friends.           D．Mom.

3.What caused Kemmons to start a motel by himself?

A．His terrible experience in the hotel.

B．His previous business success of various levels.

C．His mom’s support.

D．His wife’s suggestion.

4.Which of the following best describes Kemmons’ mother?

A．Modest, helpful, and hard-working.

B．Loving, supportive and strong-willed.

C．Careful, helpful and beautiful.

D．Strict, sensitive and supportive.

5.Which of the following led to Kemmons’ success according to the passage?

A．Self-confidence, hard work, higher education and a poor family.

B．Mom’s encouragement, clear goals, self-confidence and hard work.

C．Clear goals, mom’s encouragement, a poor family and higher education.

D．Mom’s encouragement, a poor family, higher education and opportunities.

Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park. But the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly. Kids experience fears and phobias(恐懼癥) much more strongly than adults. And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological (心理的). It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything--a kind of childhood anxiety. Dr. Creswell says: “Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.” So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being a“scaredy cat”. Handling the fears is essential.

Children can be born nervous and, if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried. So if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary. What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia. Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment. Dr. Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says: “You shouldn’t force, for example, a dog anxious child to go up to a dog. But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke( 撫摸) it, and talk about the dog being friendly. Once your child dares to stroke a dog-one that’s good with children, of course---then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for‘being brave’.”

1.Children’s fears are usually taken lightly because    .

A．they will not develop into phobias

B．their influence is psychological

C．they exist widely in the world

D．they will disappear gradually

2.If we fail to help children to overcome fears, they will   .

A．make the same old mistake

B．overcome them by themselves

C．experience the worst of things

D．grow up lacking self-confidence

3.According to Dr. Andy Field, if a child is afraid of a cat, parents should    .

A．tell the child not to be afraid of it

B．show the child how to approach it

C．keep the child away from it

D．a(chǎn)sk the child to stroke it

A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?

Be involved. Parents need to be involved in their teen’s work. 1._ What they look for is your presence — to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express her worries and fears, but don’t let them focus on those fears.

Help them get organized. 2.   Together , you and your teen can work out a time—table in which she can study for what she knows will be on the test.

Provide a calm setting. Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his privacy. Give them a nutritious diet. It is important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best.  3.    If this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress.

4.    Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and /or do something active when she needs a real break from studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise are all important in reducing stress. Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.

Show a positive attitude.  5.   Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen’s pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are.

A．A parent’s attitude will influence their teen’s emotions.

B．Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite.

C．They will only make the situation worse.

D．Encourage your teen to relax.

E. The best thing is simply to listen.

F. Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly.

G. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves

短文改錯（共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分）

My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy. He did not want share things with other people. For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place I couldn’t find. Then he ate it all by himself. He never helped other. He said he is busy. That is, a game of tennis making him very busy. He did not care if something what he did made people anger. For instance, on one night he played strong and loudly music till four o’clock in the morning. But he is difference now. He often helps grandma with housework, helps mom with cooking and helps his classmates with their lessons.

假設(shè)你是李華，你的美國朋友Tom上個月來到北京學(xué)習(xí)。七月份你將去北京參加暑期中學(xué)生英語演講比賽(speech contest)，你在資料搜集、語言運用等方面遇到了困難。請根據(jù)以下要點給Tom寫一封電子郵件：

1．詢問Tom的生活和學(xué)習(xí)情況；

2．談?wù)勀愕睦щy并請Tom幫忙；

3．告訴Tom你打算賽后去看他。

注意：

1．詞數(shù)：100字左右；

2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear friends,

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Yours Sincerely,

Li Hua

When the elevator doors open, stand aside and let everyone out ________ you try to get in.

A．unless            B．a(chǎn)lthough          C．until             D．before

 I failed in the final examination last term and only then ________ the importance of studies.

A．I realized                              B．I had realized

C．had I realized                          D．did I realize

________ everyone else wouldn’t go to the mountain area, he went without a second thought.

A．As long as         B．While            C．Where           D．In spite of

________ , the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.

A．Wanting the job very much

B．Although wanting the job badly

C．Though he wanted the job very much

D．He wanted the job badly