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Everyone has got two personalities(性格)—the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You don't show your secret personality when you're awake because you can control your behavior(行為), but when you're asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their position. The important position is the one that you sleep in.
If you go to sleep on your back , you’re a very open person . You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas . You don’t like to upset people , so you never express your real feelings . You are quite shy and you aren’t very confident .
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive (不坦率的) person. You worry a lot and you're always easily upset. You're very stubborn(頑固), but you aren't very ambitious(抱負的). You usually live for today not for tomorrow. This means that you enjoy having a good time.
If you sleep curled up (卷曲), you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of yourself and so you're often defensive (防御性的). You're shy and you don't normally like meeting people. You prefer to be on your own. You're easily hurt.
If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced personality. You know your strengths and weaknesses. You're usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel anxious, but you don't often get depressed. You always say what you think even if it annoys people.
【小題1】Point out which sentence is used to show the personality of a person who is used to sleeping on his or her stomach?

A．He or she is careful not to make others angry.

B．He or she doesn't want to stick to his or her opinion.

C．He or she can't be successful in any business.

D．He or she likes to bring others happiness.

【小題2】Maybe you don't want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up. Why?

A．He or she would rather be alone than communicate with you.

B．He or she is rarely ready to help you.

C．He or she prefers going out to staying at home.

D．He or she wouldn't like to get help from you.

【小題3】It appears that the writer is possible to think highly of the person who sleeps on one side because _______.

A．he or she always shows sympathy (同情) for people

B．he or she is confident, but not stubborn

C．he or she has more strengths than weaknesses

D．he or she often considers annoying (使煩惱) people

CHICAGO (Reuters) - Smoking not only can wrinkle(起皺紋) the face and turn it yellow -- it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.
The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body -- even skin protected from the sun.
"We examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced," Dr. Yolanda Helfrich of the University of Michigan, who led the study, said in a statement.
"In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers. Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years," Helfrich's team added in their report.
The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms. They ranged in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers. Independent judges decided how wrinkled each person's skin was.
When skin is exposed to sunlight, notably（尤其）the face, it becomes coarse, wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow tint, Helfrich's team wrote.
Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking contributes to premature（過早的）skin aging as measured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not exposed to light.
The report did not discuss the mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels（血管）beneath the skin to constrict（緊縮）, reducing blood supply to the skin.
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue (組織)that supports both the skin and the internal organs.
【小題1】The best title for this passage would be_______.

A．The danger of smoking	B．Smoking causes skin aging
C．Quit smoking for health	D．A survey of smokers

【小題2】It can be inferred from the study _______ .

A．smoking won’t make skin protected from the sun

B．smoking will do damage to skin rather than other organs

C．smokers over 65 usually won’t worry about their skin

D．the age of smokers is not connected with the result of the test

【小題3】 From the passage smoking results in skin aging mainly because_____.

A．it will lower blood supply to skin	B．it can make you feel tired
C．it can make skin come off	D．it can make blood run faster

【小題4】The main purpose of the passage is to ______.

A．inform people about the result of the study

B．a(chǎn)dvise people how to protect skin

C．warn people not to smoke again

D．introduce a new way of avoiding skin aging

Only three local students won Chinese Blog Competition. And 15 of the 18 awards went to students from China.
170 students’ task: to get a fully-designed blog up and running, complete with many postings based on a theme of choice—all written in Chinese.
Themes ranged from local opinions－such as the usage of Singlish, education and whether Singapore can be a cultural centre－to food blogs.
The entries were judged on Language proficiency（熟練程度）and the quality of writing, as well as the design and level of exchanging ideas with readers.
Academics(學者) from the National University of Singapore and the SIM University IT experts, and a journalist from Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao in Singapore made up the judges.
In the end, only three Singaporean students made it to the award list—the rest of the awards were swept up by students from China.
“No surprise, ” said Mr. Chow Yaw Long, 37, teachers in charge from Innova Junior College, which organized the event. “Although the topics were local subjects, the foreign students were generally better in terms of the content of the posts and their grasp of the Chinese language. ”
One of the three local students winning the first prize in the Best Language Award was blogger Christina Gao 19, from the Saint Andrew’s Junior College, who spared no effort in researching for and writing her blog. Each entry took her between five and seven days to produce, complete with pictures and even podcasts
Her advice for bloggers is: Be responsible
“Some bloggers out there only seek to blame the authorities and other bloggers.” Said Miss Gao. “I think they lack responsibilities and there is no value to their posts.”
【小題1】The competition was organized by ___________.

A．the National University of Singapore	B．Chinese newspaper Lianhe Zaobao
C．the Saint Andrew’s Junior College	D．Innova Junior College

【小題2】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Not all the themes were about local subjects.

B．Chinese students won most of the awards.

C．The blogs could be written in Chinese or Singlish.

D．The judges were from universities in Singapore and China.

【小題3】What Miss Gao said suggests that    ___________.

A．she likes to blame the authorities	B．she thinks highly of the others’ blogs
C．she has a sense of responsibility	D．she loves to read valuable posts

【小題4】The passage is mainly about   ___________.

A．how Chinese students won the awards in the competition

B．why bloggers should take responsibility for their blogs

C．what the result of the competition was

D．how Miss Gao won the first prize in the competition

Making an advertisement for television often costs more than a movie. For example, a two – hour movie costs ＄6 million to make. A TV commercial can cost more than ＄6 000 a second. And that does not include cost of paying for air time. Which is more valuable, the program or the ad? In terms of money – and making money is what television is all about – the commercial is by far the more important.
Research, market testing, talent, time and money —— all come together to make us want to buy a product.
No matter how bad we think a commercial is, it works. The sales of Charm went up once the ads began. TV commercials actually buy their way into our head. We, in turn, buy the product.
And the ads work because so much time and attention are given to them. Here are some rules of commercial ad making. If you want to get the low middle – class buyer, make sure the announcer has a though, manly voice. Put some people in the ad who work with their hands. If you want to sell to upper – class audience, make sure that the house,  the furniture, and the hair style are the types that the group identifies  with. If you want the buyer feel superior to the character selling the product, then make that person so stupid or silly that everyone will feel great about himself or herself.
We laugh at commercials. We don’t think we pay that much attention to them. But evidence shows we are kidding ourselves. The making of a commercial that costs so much money is not kid stuff. It’s big, big business. And it’s telling us what to think , what we need, and what to buy. To put simply, the TV commercial is a form of brainwashing.
【小題1】TV commercials are more important than other programs to television because      .

A．they bring in great profits	B．they require a lot of money to make
C．they are not difficult to produce	D．they attract more viewers than other programs

【小題2】The purpose of all the efforts made in turning out TV commercials is         .`

A．to persuade people to buy the product

B．to show how valuable the product is

C．to test the market value of the product

D．to make them as interesting as TV movies

【小題3】From the rules set for making commercial ads, we can see that         .

A．the lower – middle – class buyer likes to work with his hand

B．the more stupid the characters, the more buyers of the product

C．a(chǎn)d designers attract different people with different skills

D．a(chǎn)n upper – class buyer is only interested in houses and furniture

【小題4】It is believed by the writer that         .

A．few people like to watch TV commercials

B．TV commercials are a good guide to buyers

C．TV commercials often make people laugh

D．people do not think highly of TV commercials

【小題5】What does the author actually mean in the last paragraph?

A．He asks TV viewers never to laugh at the TV commercial ads.

B．Commercials are used to show the true value of a product to be sold.

C．TV commercials cost much and they do influence us in one way or another.

D．Brainwashing must be introduced to sell something on TV.

Harvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor（接任者）to Lawrence Summers .
The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harvard’s Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the university’s 28th president.
“This is a great day, and a historic day for Harvard,” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. “Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated  teacher, and a wonderful human being.”
Her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over Summers’ comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.
Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women’s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues.
Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, literature and economics.

1,3,5

Faust is the first Harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania.

“Teaching staff turned to her constantly,” said Sheldon Hackney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. “She’s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she’s very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because she’s so solid.”
【小題1】Which might be the best title for the passage?

A．Harvard named its 1st female president.

B．History of Harvard University changed.

C．Debates on female equality ended

D．Drew Gilpin Faust, a famous woman historian.

【小題2】Which is NOT true about Drew Gilpin Faust?

A．She is the 28th president of Harvard University.

B．She is a famous scholar from the American South.

C．She isn’t a graduate from Harvard University

D．She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.

【小題3】Lawrence Summers held the view that      .

A．women cannot achieve as much as men in management

B．women cannot hold important positions in society

C．women can match men in science jobs

D．few women make top scientists owing to genes

【小題4】The underlined word “groused” in the 6th paragraph means       .

A．a(chǎn)pproved

B．commented

C．complained

D．indicated

【小題5】This passage probably appears in a      .

A．biography

B．personal letter

C．research paper

D．newspaper report

Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.
Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（展示）a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“our brain has billions of nerve ceils. These send signals through the spinal cord（脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says.  “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(頭皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.                                               
Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to make sure that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
【小題1】BCI is a technology that can______.

A．help to update computer systems	B．link the human brain with computers
C．help the disabled to recover	D．control a person's thoughts

【小題2】How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?                                                                    

A．By controlling his muscles.	B．By talking to the machine
C．By moving his hand.	D．By using his mind.

【小題3】Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?

A．scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair	B．computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair
C．scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair	D．cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair

【小題4】The team will test with real patients to _____ .

A．make profits from them	B．prove the technology useful to them
C．make them live longer	D．learn about their physical condition

【小題5】Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A．Switzerland, the BCI Research Center

B．New Findings About How the Human Brain Works

C．BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled

D．Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries

The organization representing British universities has expressed concern about the potential effect of tuition fees（學費）after figures showed a drop of more than 6% in student applications with less than a month to go before the deadline for 2013 applications.
Data from the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (Ucas) showed there were 265,784 university applications by UK-based candidates up to 17 December, 6.3% down on the parallel period in the admissions cycle the year before. While this is less than the 8.4% year-on-urea fall seen in earlier Ucas figures, released in mid-November, the coming January deadline makes it ever more likely that the total 2013 applicant figure will see a second sizeable fall following the introduction of annual fees of up to ￡9,000.
Nicola Dandridge, the chairman of Universities UK, said: “However, we must be concerned about any drops in the numbers applying to university and in particular; we must look closely at how the increase in graduate contributions in England may be affecting the decisions of promising students. However, the December figures show a drop in numbers across the UK, suggesting that it is not only a question of tuition fees in England putting off from applying.”
A report of the Uncas figures to mid-December shows a 6.5% fall for applicants in England and 11.7% for those in Wales, with smaller drops of 3.9% for Scotland and 0.5% for Northern Ireland. Scottish students at home institutions pay on fees, while those from Northern Ireland have fees capped to ￡3,575 for Northern Irish universities.
Dandridge added: “No one should be put off applying to university because of worries about finance.”
“It is important that no one is put off applying to university because they do not have information about the student support available to them. Most new students don’t need to pay directly. There will be more financial support for those from poorer families and everyone will make lower loan repayments than they do now once they are in well paid jobs.”
【小題1】A drop of more than 6% for 2013 applications is probably the effect of         .

A．The increased tuition fees

B．The approaching deadline

C．The concern from applicants

D．The difficulties with applications

【小題2】Compared with the previous year, the fall in student applications is        .

A．3.9%

B．2.1%

C．6.3%

D．8.4%

【小題3】Why is the fall for application the smallest in Scotland and Northern Ireland?

A．Because they have more financial support

B．Because the tuition is much cheaper for them

C．Because the education is better there

D．Because the universities are free for them.

【小題4】The last paragraph tells us that       .

A．Everyone should apply to university

B．Students may get financial supports

C．Lower loan repayments is unavailable

D．Most new students will not pay fees

Sydney Australia—Mobile phone has become a problem for middle schools. Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones during school hours.
Mobile phone use among children has become a problem for the school this year. Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas gifts, and more students want them.
Mary Bluett, an official, said mobile phone use is a distraction（分心的事）to students during school hours and it also gives teachers so much trouble in their classrooms. Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.
She said some schools had tried to ban mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t get in touch with their children.
Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school, but if there was a good reason, they could leave their phones at school offices. They also said there were many reasons why the students should not have mobile phones at school: they were easy to lose and were a distraction from studies.
Many people say that they understand why parents would want their children to have phones, but they think schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.
【小題1】Some middle schools in Australia have banned students from carrying mobile phones________.

A．because they are students	B．when they are free
C．when they are at school	D．because they are young

【小題2】We know from the passage that some children get mobile phones from________.

A．the makers and sellers	B．some other strangers
C．their parents and friends	D．some mobile phone users

【小題3】Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t _______ during school hours.

A．use their mobile phones	B．leave their mobile phones
C．help the teachers with their work	D．get in touch with their children

【小題4】The underlined word “they” in the fifth paragraph refers to________.

A．many teachers	B．some messages
C．mobile phones	D．some students

In 1991, Kentucky Fried Chicken announced that it was officially changing its name to “KFC” as well as updating its packaging and logo(標識)with a more modern look. The public relations reason was that health-conscious consumers associated the word “fried” with “unhealthy”, causing some of them to completely avoid the wide variety of “healthy” menu items. The new title and image were designed to attract customers to a restaurant now offering foods branded as “better for you”.
It sounded good, but the real reason behind the shift to KFC had nothing to do with critical consumers. In 1990, the Commonwealth of Kentucky, trapped in debt, took the unusual step of trade marking its name. Therefore, anyone using the word “Kentucky” for business reasons would have to obtain permission and pay licensing fees to the Commonwealth of Kentucky. It was an unusual and brilliant scheme to lighten government debt, but it was also one that alienated (疏遠)one of the most famous companies ever associated with Kentucky. The Kentucky Fried Chicken chain refused as a matter of principle to pay royalties on a name they had been using for four decades. After a year of fruitless talks, Kentucky Fried Chicken changed their name instead, introducing new packaging and products to hide the real reasons behind the change of the name.
Kentucky fried Chicken was not the only one who bravely refused to give in. The name of the most famous horse race in North America, held every year at Churchill Downs, was changed to “The Run for the Roses” for similar reasons.
In November 2006, KFC and the State of Kentucky finally reached a settlement over the use of the trademarked word “Kentucky”, and the restaurant chain announced it would be reusing its former name of “Kentucky Fried Chicken”.
【小題1】The public relations reason for Kentucky Fried Chicken’s updating its packaging and logo was that      .

A．it was losing money

B．most customers didn’t like the old logo

C．it wanted to get involved in other businesses

D．it decided to offer better foods to customers

【小題2】The Commonwealth of Kentucky trademarked its name to       .

A．develop American culture

B．be alienated from the famous companies

C．raise money to pay the government debt

D．make Kentucky known throughout the world

【小題3】The real reason why “Kentucky Fried Chicken” changed its name was related to      .

A．health

B．money

C．package

D．product

【小題4】It can be inferred from the passage that      .

A．KFC is still not allowed to use the name of “Kentucky Fried Chicken”

B．“Kentucky Fried Chicken” changed its name after several years of talks

C．the name “Kentucky Fried Chicken” had only been used for a short time

D．the original name of the horse race “The Run for the Roses” contained the word “Kentucky”

One in 400 children in the United States has diabetes(糖尿病). And the most difficult thing for the young diabetic patients is that many of them don’t have a clear idea when they need to take insulin(a drug used in treating diabetes).The parents of one Long Island boy found the perfect solution—Hero, a specially trained dog that can discover when a diabetic is in trouble and find help.
Johnny Pion, eight years old, is a poor kid that was told he was a diabetic in 2008. He can’t do without insulin. His blood-sugar levels should be closely checked. He even can’t go out to play without his mom or dad fearing he might need help.
With Hero in her new home, Johnny’s parents may worry a little less. They received the news about Hero on the newspaper. The dog cost around $20,000. With the help of friends and family, the Pions brought Hero home from Warren Retrievers in Virginia. Mary Campbell. Hero’s trainer, said the dog could discover the slightest changes in blood sugar by her sense of smell.“Humans have 5 million smell receptors(感受器)； dogs have 5 billion smell receptors,”she said.
When the dog discovers something’s wrong, she’ll rub(蹭)her head against Johnny’s legs. If he doesn’t answer her, Hero knows to look for Johnny’s mom and dad. Hero even could ring up 911.
On their first night, Johnny’s was comfortably sleeping in his own bed with Hero and not with his parents for the first time. Night time is very important because blood sugar goes unchecked while sleeping. Now Hero is a round-the-clock nurse.
【小題1】Young people with diabetes have difficulty      .

A．telling when they need to take medicine

B．finding what is he best medicine for them

C．remembering the names of their medicine

D．knowing how to keep healthy and live a longer life

【小題2】Hero can help Johnny because she      .

A．cost around $20,000

B．never sleeps during the night

C．has 5 million smell receptors

D．can discover the changes of blood sugar

【小題3】What can we learn from the passage?

A．Hero can telephone her owners for help.

B．Hero is helpful for the family.

C．The Pions paid for the dog by using donations.

D．The Pions provided special food for the dog.

【小題4】After Johnny Pions got ill, he had to      .

A．carry insulin every day

B．go to hospital very often

C．sleep under the care of others

D．live with his family doctor