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Dave Bruno works as an online marketing manager. Several years ago, one weekend Bruno and his family did a major house cleanup and then donated several bags of unneeded items to the local Goodwill store. “After all were done, I looked around and realized that I still had too much stuff”, says Bruno, “It occurred to me that maybe I wanted to lead a simple life but in reality I behaved differently.” That realization prompted the 39-year-old father of three to try an experiment, “The 100Thing Challenge”.
With the goal of breaking free of what he calls a “bad habit of consumerism（消費(fèi)主義）, Bruno was determined to live for one year with just 100 personal items. He cut down his possessions to 94 items, including a Bible, laptop, guitar, wedding ring, car and clothes. He created some guidelines for the experiment since his wife and daughters did not participate, familyshared and household items did not count as personal items. He also grouped together some basic things such as underwear and socks. Bruno began blogging about his new lifestyle and eventually wrote a book, The 100 Thing Challenge: How I Got Rid of Almost Everything, Remade My Life, and Regained My Soul.
Since completing the experiment, Bruno has continued to live by the motto: reduce, refuse, and rearrange and maintains just 110 personal things. “ Nearly three years of living with a minimal amount of personal possessions, I’m no longer in the habit of consuming for the sake of consumption (消費(fèi)),” he wrote in his blog last week, “That has freed me up for all sorts of better endeavors (活動(dòng)) than shopping—like spending time with family and writing a book and planning for business opportunities.”
Bruno’s project has also inspired others to live minimally, many of whom post their own 100 Thing Challenge updates on YouTube. “The reality is that the 100 Thing Challenge is surprisinglyeasy”, says Bruno, “I’m  not saying there were no challenges or disappointments. I miss some things, but not that much. Frankly, it’s far easier to live with less stuff than with excessive trash.”
【小題1】What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 1?

A．Bruno regretted to have an easy life.

B．Bruno had a special behavior in reality,

C．Bruno and his family led a happy life.

D．Bruno would have liked a life with fewer items.

【小題2】The things were included in Bruno’s 94 items EXCEPT____________.

A．socks

B．a(chǎn) Bible

C．cookers

D．a(chǎn) wedding ring

【小題3】What is the best title for the passage?

A．Live with 100 Things

B．Defeat 100 Challenges in Life

C．Survive by Your Motto

D．Consume for Consumption’s Sake

Recently, South Korean star PSY’s ‘Gangnam style” video has been popular on the Internet. It has become most people’s favorite music.
In fact, the song has set the Guinness World Record for the most popular video in the history of the Internet. More than two million people have said “l(fā)ike” since the song was on the Internet on July 15.
PSY”s special dance moves and funny horse riding style have attracted many people. Although many people do not understand the language, the video has become the talk of the Internet. The song has come to first place in the music charts(排行榜) in 31 countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada.
“I just sang for my South Korean fans. I have never expected it to be popular in other countries,” PSY told the reporters on a concert. The song was so popular that a few of South Korean’s politicians showed PSY’s moves to attract supporters.
“The song came out in mid-July. It sings about the rich life of South Korea —especially Gangnam in Soeoul, where a lot of rich people live.
Millions of people have watched the video. Many stars, such as Katy Perry, Robbie Williams and Nelly Furtado said that they love the song. These stars performed part of the song at a recent concert.
Riding high on the success of “Gangnam Style”, PSY was signed by Scooter Braun to Braun’s Schoolboy Records, a label distributed by Universal Republic.
PSY has written many hit songs of varying styles for different singers. Prior to “Gangnam Style” his most famous composition perhaps was Lee Seung Gi’s debut(首次亮相) song “Because You Are My Woman”.
【小題1】What makes PSY’s “Gangnam Style” the famous music of millions of people?

A．The song has set the Guinness World Record.

B．The song has come to first place in the music chart.

C．They like the dance moves and the horse riding style.

D．They don’t understand the words of the song.

【小題2】Why did some of South Korea’s politicians show PSY”s moves?

A．They wanted to tell people that they were also fond of music.

B．They wanted people to support them.

C．They were PSY’s fans.

D．They liked PSY’s dancing style.

【小題3】What’s “Gangnam Style” about?

A．The way of horse riding.

B．The rich life of people of Gangnam in Seoul.

C．The Guinness World Record.

D．The love of stars.

【小題4】What is the best title of the passage?

A．Life of the Music Star PSY

B．“Gangnam Styly” —— Most people’s favorite Music

C．PSY’s Famous Compositions

D．Meaning of “Gangnam Style”

In a generous display of maturity and sympathy, one Jewish boy made his first deed as a man in his faith a great act of charity.
Joshua Neidorf, a 13-year-old boy from Los Angeles, donated most of his birthday money to Operation Mend, a program that reconstructs the faces of severely burned U. S. veterans（退伍老兵）.
The young man decided to donate his money after getting to know Army Sgt. Louis Dahlman, who was undergoing a series of reconstruction surgeries（手術(shù)）at UCLA （University of California at Los Angeles） thanks to Operation Mend. The Neidorfs had signed up to be Dahlman’s “buddy family”, spending time with him whenever he visited Los Angeles for a surgery.
“I just love knowing that it’s going somewhere...to help the people who save our lives and keep us safe every day,” said Neidorf. His mother added, “It makes me feel like our world is going in a good direction with this next generation.”
In all, Neidorf gave $13,000 to Operation Mend. He also encouraged his friends to donate to the cause. He is the organization’s youngest donor so far.
Operation Mend is a privately funded program that works in partnership with the UCLA Medical Center. Ron Katz, a board member at the hospital, started the program in 2006 after seeing a TV programme about Aaron Mankin, a veteran who had gone through dozens of surgeries after a fight in Iraq which completely burned off his face.
Mankin ended up being Operation Mend’s first patient, starting the first of 20 reconstructive facial surgeries at UCLA in Sept. 2007. In a 2011 interview, Katz shared how his experience of helping Mankin made him realize the need to establish a more permanent program.
“My wife and I soon realized that there were dozens of Aarons out there,” Katz said. “They deserve the best that we offer them.”
【小題1】Neidorf decided to help veterans because ________.

A．he benefited from Operation Mend	B．he was afraid of burned faces
C．he thought they deserved help	D．he didn’t know how to spend money

【小題2】Operation Mend was founded after ________.

A．Neidorf donated part of his birthday money

B．the Neidorfs signed up to be Dahlman’s “buddy family”

C．Ron Katz saw a TV programme about a veteran

D．Mankin was successfully operated on at UCLA

【小題3】What can we learn from the passage?
A. Neidorf’s mother was opposed to his decision to donate money.
B. Mankin’s face was burned in a fire in America.
C. Mankin went through more than 30 facial surgeries at UCLA.
D. Many facial surgeries are needed to reconstruct a seriously burned face.
【小題4】The last two paragraphs mainly tell us ________.

A．the process of Mankin’s surgery	B．how Operation Mend was set up
C．how Katz became famous	D．veterans are respected by people

Two magazines recently listed the best cities to live in. Here are two of the cities listed as “the world’s best.”
SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA  The city has comfortable weather all year round (15°C to 26°C ). Housing is not very expensive in San Jose. Also, many of the city’s older neighborhoods are very beautiful and have small hotels and cafés(咖啡館). Beautiful mountains are around the city. You can visit them easily from San Jose. So lots of people go sightseeing there every year. But air pollution is a problem in the city center.
HONG KONG, CHINA This lively city—once a small fishing village—is today an international business center. It is an interesting mixof East and West, old and new. Modern tall buildings are next to small temples (廟宇). Popular nightclubs are close to traditional teahouses. Busy people fill the streets at all hours of the day. But outside the city, there are parks for walking or relaxing. Hong Kong is famous for its wonderful native dishes. There’s also food from Europe, North America, and other parts of Asia. However, this small city has a large population. Nearly 7 million people live in Hong Kong! That’s why housing is often very expensive. Traffic and air pollution are also a problem.
【小題1】Which of the following is not mentioned about San Jose?

A．The weather.

B．The mountains.

C．The air.

D．The traffic.

【小題2】What makes Hong Kong the world’s best according to this passage?

A．The lively city and the wonderful dishes.	B．The beautiful mountains and the lively city.
C．The expensive housing and the food.	D．The city and the people.

【小題3】The writer thinks housing in Hong Kong is expensive because    .

A．it was a small fishing village	B．it is a mix of East and West
C．it is famous for its wonderful food	D．there are too many people in the city

【小題4】What do the two cities have in common?

A．They both have beautiful mountains.	B．They both have a large population.
C．Air pollution is a problem in both.	D．They are both crowded.

【小題5】From the passage, we can know that        .

A．San Jose and Hong Kong are the only two cities of the world’s best

B．San Jose has more natural sights than Hong Kong does

C．the weather in both cities is fine

D．Hong Kong is the more popular city of the two

Dickson Despommier, a public health professor at Columbia University in New York City developed an idea with his students nine years ago. They imagined people in cities growing crops inside a tall building. Tomatoes could grow on one floor of the skyscraper(摩天大樓), potatoes on the next, small animals and fish on the floor above.
This vertical(垂直的) farm, or "farmscraper", could have space for restaurants and other places that serve food, like schools or hospitals. They could serve foods that are truly locally grown.
But why would anyone want to build a farm indoors in a city? Dickson Despommier believes it will become necessary. The world needs to find places to produce enough food to feed the growing population. Space, he says, is an all-important issue.
The professor also points to the problems of traditional farms. They use a lot of freshwater. Their fertilizer and animal waste can pollute water resources. And their growing seasons can be limited.
But inside the vertical farm, crops could grow all year. And there would be no wind to blow away soil. Farmers would not have to worry about too much or too little rain, or about hot summers, freezing winters or insects. And without insects there would be no need for chemicals to kill them.
Farm machines that .use fossil fuels, like tractors, would not be needed either. And water could be recycled for drinking. "The vertical farm reuses everything, so there is no waste," says Professor Despommier.
Even buildings could be saved. Old buildings could become new farms and provide jobs.
The professor has been actively proposing the idea to cities as far away as Dubai and Canada. But so far it exists only in plans and drawings, and a model at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago.
Critics say building a farmscraper would cost too much, especially considering the price of land in many cities. Dickson Despommier estimates the cost at about twenty to thirty million dollars.
But he says the building would not have to be very tall. And his graduate students have found many empty lots and unused buildings in New York City that could provide space.
【小題1】According to the passage the purpose of proposing the idea of a farm scraper is to      .

A．find places to produce enough food

B．serve food that are truly locally grown

C．prevent polluting the limited land

D．save fresh water

【小題2】Which is one of the advantages of a farm scraper?

A．It costs less

B．It saves labor power.

C．It consumes too much energy

D．It is more environmentally friendly.

【小題3】Those against the idea of farm scrapers argue that

A．it uses too much land in cities

B．it costs too much to build one

C．it causes people to lose their jobs

D．it exists only in unrealistic plans

【小題4】Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．A vertical farm has been built in Chicago.

B．Old buildings could be changed into new farms.

C．Traditional farms use less water but pollute more water

D．There are some vertical farms being put into use in Canada.

Special Bridges Help Animals Cross the Road
—Reported by Sheila Carrick
Why did the chicken cross the road?  To get to the other side.
Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more worried about how the grizzly bear (灰熊) and mountain lion can cross the road.
“Millions of animals die each year on U.S. roads,” the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today. The main reason? Roadkill.
“Ecopassages ” may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. “These ecopassages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid road accidents,” said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Protection Society.
But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an ecopassage that went under a highway. This showed that the lions used the passage.
Builders of ecopassages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders (火蜥蜴) and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.
The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animal overpass!
【小題1】The writer uses the example of “ocelots” to show that _______.

A．wild animals have become more dangerous

B．the driving conditions have improved greatly

C．the measure for protecting wildlife fails to work

D．a(chǎn)n increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents

【小題2】From the news story, we know an ecopassage is ________.

A．a(chǎn)n underground path for cars

B．a(chǎn) fence built for the safety of the area

C．a(chǎn) bridge for animals to get over a river

D．a(chǎn) path for animals to cross the road

【小題3】When the writer says that animals seem “to be catching on”, he means ________.

A．a(chǎn)nimals begin to realize the dangers on the road

B．a(chǎn)nimals begin to learn to use ecopassages

C．a(chǎn)nimals are crossing the road in groups

D．a(chǎn)nimals are increasing in number

【小題4】The writer asks visitors and drivers to look around when traveling because ________.

A．wild animals may attack cars

B．wild animals may block the road

C．they may see wild animals in the park

D．they may see wild animals on ecopassages

In the UK, a group of campaigners(活動(dòng)家)have declared the last Saturday in November as National Buy Nothing Day. “Our message is clear: shop less, live more!” says organizer Michael Smith. “The challenge is to try simple living for a day. Spend time with family and friends, rather than spending money on them. Anyone can take part, provided they spend a day without spending.”
On Buy Nothing Day, they take to the streets to tackle consumers(消費(fèi)者). They dress as pigs to symbolize greed(貪婪). They offer to cut up credit cards and hand out shopping bags with the words “another useless thing I don’t need” written on the side. Some hold street parties to show shoppers that it is possible to have fun without spending money. Others go into shops and put notes saying “don’t buy me” inside clothes and shoes.
Some protestors(抗議者) are working against powerful forces. Many retailers(零售商) and manufacturers depend on Christmas sales for most of their profits. Around two thirds of GDP in the West is made up of consumer spending. If this drops, many people will lose their jobs. At least that will make it easier for them to buy nothing.
And there is also the risk that the campaigners will be seen as killjoys, who want to stop people enjoying themselves. “There’s a fun side to this,” says Michael Smith. “To some it’s a protest, but it’s also a street party. We’re not saying that people are bad because they go shopping, but we need get the message across for people to consume wisely. And after we’re finished, we’ll probably go for a drink.”
【小題1】Why do a group of people in the UK choose Saturday as National Buy Nothing Day?

A．Because they have enough food at their homes.

B．Because it is the season for shopping.

C．Because they have run out of money at that time.

D．Because it’s popular to live a simple life.

【小題2】In order to persuade people to stop shopping, the campaigners _____.

A．stop people going out

B．have different ways to make it

C．offer goods to people freely

D．play tricks on consumers

【小題3】The underlined word “killjoys” in the last paragraph refers to people who _____.

A．ruin the happiness and fun of others

B．get money from shopkeepers

C．bring happiness to others

D．take no interest in shopping

【小題4】The campaigners started National Buy Nothing Day for the purpose of _____.

A．persuading people to kill time in a different way

B．persuading people to save money

C．persuading people to have more parties

D．persuading people to spend money wisely

The Swedish Academy in Stockholm on Thursday named Mo Yan winner of the Twenty-Twelve Nobel Prize in Literature.
The academy praised the Chinese writer for what it called his “hallucinatoty realism (魔幻現(xiàn)實(shí)主義)”. It noted his ability to combine folk stories, history and modern events in his works.
An academy official said Mister Mo was “overjoyed and sacred” when he learnt he had won the award. He will receive his Nobel diploma, a medal and more than one million dollars at the ceremony in Stockholm in December.
Mo Yan is a leading author of modern Chinese novels. He often writes from memories of his youth. He also sets many of his stories in the area where he was born—Shandong Province in northeastern China.
Mister Mo’s 1987 book Red Sorghum is an example. It is about the extreme violence in rural eastern China during the Communist Revolution in the 1920’s and 1930’s. The story describes the criminal culture of the time, Japan’s occupation and the terrible conditions faced by farm workers. Red Sorghum was later made into a movie.
Mo Yan’s other major works include Big Breasts and Wide Hips, Republic of Wine and Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out.
The Royal Swedish Academy compared him to two 20th century writers: American William Faulkner and Colombia Gabriel Marquez.
Mo Yan’s real name is Guan Moye. Mo Yan means “Don’t speak.” The writer said he chose the name to remember to stop his tongue from getting him in trouble.
China is celebrating the victory of his native son. Minutes after the award was announced, millions of Chinese expressed pleasure and pride for Mo Yan on social media websites.
【小題1】How many books of Mo Yan are mentioned in this passage?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

【小題2】It can be inferred from the passage that _____.

A．many people in China showed their respect for Mo Yan by letters.

B．Mo Yan is just a pen name.

C．he was very glad to win the Nobel Prize.

D．Red Sorghum was once made into a film.

【小題3】Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?

A．Mo Yan, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature.

B．The origin of Mo Yan’s work.

C．The true meaning of Mo Yan.

D．Bookstore created by Mo Yan.

When Debbie Parkhurst choked on a piece of apple at her Maryland home, her dog jumped in, landing hard on her chest and forcing the piece of apple to pop out of her throat. Debbie Parkhurst’s husband, Kevin, was at his job at a Wilmington, Del., chemical firm when she took a midday break from jewelry and bit into an apple. When the Keesling family of Indiana were about to be overcome by carbon monoxide(CO), their cat clawed(抓) at wife Cathy’s hair until she woke up and called for help.
　　For their timely acts, Toby, a golden 2 1/2-year-old dog, and Winnie, a gray-eyed American shorthair, were named Dog and Cat of the Year by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
Neither Parkhurst nor Keesling could explain their pets’ timely heroics,though Parkhurst suggested it might have been guided by God intervention(干預(yù)). “That’s what our veterinarian(獸醫(yī)) said,”she said. “He wasn’t making a joke; he’s very spiritual, and now I have to agree with him.” 
But both pets were themselves rescued in baby, Toby as a 4-week-old baby thrown into a garbage bin to die, and Winnie as a week-old orphan hiding under a barn, so helpless that Keesling’s husband, Eric, had to feed her milk.
As the Keeslings recalled it, a gas-driven pump spread carbon monoxide through the house. By the time Winnie moved into rescue spot, the couple’s 14-year-old son, Michael, was already unconscious. “Winnie jumped on the bed and was clawing at me, with a kind of angry noise,” Cathy Keesling said. “When I woke up I felt like a T-bar had hit me across the head.”
State police and officers responding to her 911 call said the family was only minutes from death, judging by the amount of poisonous gas in the house.
【小題1】We can know Debbie Parkhurst _________.

A．works in a Wilmington, Del.,chemical firm

B．was making jewelry when she had the accident

C．might have died but for her pet’s help

D．was unconscious when her pet found her

【小題2】Both pet’s heroic acts most probably connected with _________.

A．God arrangements	B．their being once helped
C．their sense of danger	D．their veterinarians’ training

【小題3】Why did Winnie try to wake Cathy Keesling up?

A．Because a T-bar was going to hit him.

B．Because he was hungry and wanted milk.

C．Because Debbie choked something in her throat.

D．Because there was danger in her house.

【小題4】From the passage we can infer that _________.

A．if you love me love my animals

B．a(chǎn)ll pets are useful to people

C．we can’t never be too careful in our daily life

D．to help others sometimes can get reward

In a mountainous area of Brazil, there is a kind of beautiful butterfly which can kill men. If people meet them, they will come down in great quantities to bite and kill, sucking blood and flesh through the wounds they cause.
In June, 1966, a boy named Marl Andre who went into the mountains in search of butterfly specimens (標(biāo)本) was killed by these butterflies. A country boy saw him when he was just about to catch a butterfly. Suddenly thousands of butterflies came down upon him, covering him all over. The boy struggled and cried as he tried to free himself from their attack. Finally he fell senseless to the ground. Police examined his body and proved that he had died of bites by butterflies.
In New Guinea, there is a kind of needlefish which also kills men. Needlefish likes light. At night, it will swim near the lights of fishing boats, then suddenly shoot out of water like an arrow to its target, and force its 3-inch sharp mouth into a human body. Of-ten people are thrust in the eye, or through the chest or stomach, resulting in death. Sometimes it will even attack the people in a fishing boat in broad daylight.
About 10 persons in the world are killed by sharks every year, yet more than 240 people are killed by needlefish every year.
【小題1】From the passage, we know that ______.

A．butterflies are living in the mountains

B．a(chǎn)ll butterflies like sucking blood and eating fish

C．the butterflies in a certain part of Brazil can kill men

D．the more beautiful a butterfly is, the more dangerous it is

【小題2】Mari Andre was killed when he ______.

A．went to Brazil	B．tried to catch a butterfly
C． entered the mountains	D．raised a net

【小題3】Needlefish comes out ______.

A．sometimes at night	B．both at night and in the daytime
C．only when boats appear	D．usually in the daytime

【小題4】According to the story, each year needlefish kills ______.

A．twice more than sharks do

B．a(chǎn)bout 10 more persons than sharks do

C．24 times more persons than sharks do

D．fewer persons than sharks do

【小題5】The best title for the passage is ______.

A．Brazil Home of Dangerous Butterflies

B．Killer Butterflies and Needlefish

C．New Guinea—No Fit to Live in

D．Deaths Caused by Butterflies and Needlefish