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Tens of thousands of smartphone applications are running ads from the overwhelming(勢(shì)不可擋的) advertising networks that change smartphone settings and copy people’s contact information without permission.
Aggressive ad networks can disguise（假扮） ads as text message notifications (通告), and sometimes change browser settings and bookmarks. Often, the ads will upload your contacts list to the ad network’s servers--- information that the ad network can then sell to marketers.
Sounds scary? It’s not a giant problem yet, but it’s a growing one. As many as 5% of free mobile apps use an “aggressive” ad network to make money, according to Lookout, a San Francisco-based mobile security company. PhoneLiving was one of the most popular app developers to use these kinds of ad networks; their dozens of talking animal apps have been downloaded several million times. Later, PhoneLiving says it has mended its ways. The company admittedusing invasive techniques to make money from its apps, but said it dropped those methods at the start of July because of bad reviews and declining downloads.
The most popular type of apps that use aggressive ad networks are “Personalisation” apps, which include wallpapers. Comic and entertainment apps are also among the most likely to have rogue(兇猛的) ad networks running behind the scenes. Like aggressive pop-ups on PCs, the bad software isn’t easy to get rid of. Though the damage can typically be removed by deleting the app, it can be hard to tell which app is causing the problems.
When developers create free mobile apps, they usually make money through ads displayed within the app. App makers don’t usually tell people which ad network they are using, which makes it hard to avoid the known offenders. The best defense is to read reviews and avoid downloading apps that have attracted many complaints.
【小題1】What is an example of bad behavior by the annoying mobile ads?

A．They change browser settings and bookmarks.

B．They change people’s calendar settings.

C．They send scam text messages occasionally.

D．They download free versions of games.

【小題2】What do we know about PhoneLiving?

A．Its operation model is against the will of netizens.

B．It was forced to admit its bad behavior.

C．It has changed its business model rapidly.

D．Its relationship with Lookout may break up.

【小題3】Why is the bad software hard to get rid of?

A．The software runs behind the scenes.

B．The app is very hard to delete.

C．It is difficult to find the problem app.

D．The network antivirus is out of date.

【小題4】What does the underlined word, “ invasive”, mean in the third paragraph?

A．innovative

B．positive

C．flexible

D．a(chǎn)ggressive

【小題5】What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Mobile ads can attack your phone and steal your contacts.

B．Mobile ads have become popular in recent years.

C．Smartphones have been damaged by mobile ads.

D．You may download some aggressive apps unconsciously.

Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens (獎(jiǎng)券) for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.
In the world of monkeys，grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.
The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
【小題1】According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Only monkeys and humans can have the sense of fairness in the world.

B．In the wild, monkeys are never unhappy to share their food with each other.

C．Women will show more dissatisfaction than men when unfairly treated.

D．Monkeys can exchange cucumbers for grapes, for grapes are more attractive.

【小題2】The underlined statement “it is all too monkey” means that ________.

A．monkeys are also angry with lazy fellows

B．monkeys, like humans, tend to be envious of each other

C．no animals other than monkeys can develop such feelings

D．feeling angry at unfairness is also monkey’s nature

【小題3】Female monkeys of this kind are chosen for the research most probably because they are _________.

A．more likely to pay attention to the value of what they get

B．a(chǎn)ttentive to researchers’ instructions

C．nice in both appearance and behaviors

D．more ready to help others than their male companions

【小題4】We can learn ________according to the passage?

A．Human beings' feelings of anger are developed from the monkeys.

B．Cooperation between monkeys stays firm before the realization of being cheated.

C．In the research, male monkeys are less likely to exchange food with others.

D．Only monkeys and humans have the sense of fairness dating back to 35 million years ago.

【小題5】What can we infer about the monkeys in Sarah’s study?

A．The monkeys can be trained to develop social senses.

B．The monkeys may show their satisfaction with equal treatment.

C．They usually show their feelings openly as humans do.

D．Cooperation among the monkeys remains effective in the wild.

Officials in the Midwestern U. S. town of Joplin, Missouri, say the death from Sundays’ big tornado reaches 116 and that search efforts continue for possible survivors trapped in rubble (碎石). Search and rescue teams are conducting their third sweep through the nearly 10 kilometer – long and one – kilometer wide area of destruction left by the tornado. They are working as quickly as possible while weather conditions remain relatively stable. More storms are forecast for the area.
Joplin Fire Chief Mitch Randles said there are areas with large piles of rubble that might hold survivors. “We are still finding individuals. We did rescue seven individuals from underneath rubble yesterday and, of course, we are also finding dead folks as well.” Said more folks and that is why we are doing these searches. We want to make every opportunity that we can to find everybody that is in the rubble and that has survived to this point.”
Randles said the current sweep involves a slower pace that previous searches and that he plans a fourth search, possibly on Wednesday, using specially trained dogs. “We are searching every structure that has been damaged or destroyed in a more in-depth manner, “he said.” I have dogs and dog handlers coming from all over the country do help us in that effort.”
Joplin City Manager Mark Rohr said the Red Cross and other volunteer organizations are helping people who were left homeless by the tornado and that the Federal Emergency Management Agency, or FEMA, is on hand to help. “Joplin is a great city. We have suffered a great loss, “said Rohr.” We will recover and we will recover strongly and we have a lot of help and a lot of volunteers to make that easier.”
The tornado that struck Joplin was classified by the Natioonal Weather Service as an F – 4, with winds of more than 300 kilometers per hour. It lasted only 20 minutes, but it killed more that 100 people, injured more than 400 others, and destroyed or heavily damaged some 2,000 homes, businesses, churches and a hospital. Authorities have registered more than 1,700 calls about missing people and they hope to resolvemost of those cases soon, as victims are identified and survivors come forth and reunite with loved ones.
This was the worst tornado to strike the United States in 60 years. It was the latest in a wave of violent storms that have swept Midwestern and southern states in recent weeks, leaving more than 300 people dead an causing more than $2 billion dollars in damage.
【小題1】What kind of disaster (災(zāi)害)of this article is talking about?

A．tornado

B．earthquake

C．flood

D．drought

【小題2】The best headline for this newspaper article would be          .

A．Difficulties in the Rescue

B．The Great Loss Brought by the Tornado

C．Search for Survivors After the Disaster

D．Worst Tornado in the USA

【小題3】The word “resolve” in Para 5 probably means         .

A．cover

B．settle

C．overcome

D．challenge

【小題4】The number of death caused by the tornado that struck Joplin reached more than       .

A．100

B．300

C．400

D．1,700

【小題5】From the text, it can be inferred that           .

A．many victims might be under the ruins

B．it was impossible to find out survivors

C．the tornado lasted several weeks

D．the bad weather influenced the rescue greatly

Tayka Hotel De Sal
Where: Tahua, Bolivia
How much: About $95 a night
Why it’s cool: You’ve stayed at hotels made of brick or wood, but salt? That’s something few can claim．Tayka Hotel de Sal is made totally of salt—including the beds (though you’ll sleep on regular mattresses (床墊) and blankets)．The hotel sits on the Salar de Uyuni, a prehistoric dried-up lake that’s the world’s biggest salt flat．Builders use the salt from the 4,633-square-mile flat to make the bricks, and glue them together with a paste of wet salt that hardens when it dries．When rain starts to dissolve the hotel, the owners just mix up more salt paste to strengthen the bricks.
Green Magic Nature Resort
Where: Vythiri, India
How much: About $240 a night
Why it’s cool: Ridding a pulley(滑輪)-operated lift 86 feet to your treetop room is just the start of your adventure．As you look out of your open window—there is no glass!—you watch monkeys and birds in the rain forest canopy．Later you might test your fear of heights by crossing the handmade rope bridge to the main part of the hotel, or just sit on your bamboo bed and read．You don’t even have to come down for breakfast—the hotel will send it up on the pulley-drawn “elevator”.
Dog Bark Park Inn B&B
Where: Cottonwood, Idaho
How much: $92 a night
Why it’s cool: This doghouse isn’t just for the family pet．Sweet Willyis a 30-foot-tall dog with guest rooms in his belly．Climb the wooden stairs beside his hind leg to enter the door in his side．You can relax in the main bedroom, go up a ffew steps of the loft(閣樓）in Willy’s head, or hang out inside his nose．Although you have a full private bathroom in your quarters, there is also a toilet in the 12-foot-tall fire hydrant (消防栓）outside.
Gamirasu Cave Hotel
Where: Ayvali, Turkey
How much: Between $130 and $475 a night.
Why it’s cool: This is caveman cool! Experience what it was like 5,000 years ago, when people lived in these mountain caves formed by volcanic ash．But your stay will be much more modern．Bathrooms and electricity provide what you expect from a modern hotel, and the white volcanic ash, called tufa, keeps the rooms cool, about 65℉in summer．(Don’t worry—there is heat in winter.)
【小題1】What do we know about Tayka Hotel de Sal?

A．It is located on a prehistoric lake.

B．It should be protected against the rain.

C．Everything in the hotel is made of salt.

D．You have to cross a rope bridge to the hotel.

【小題2】What is the similarity of the four hotels?

A．Being expensive.

B．Being comfortable.

C．Being natural.

D．Being unique.

【小題3】What does the underlined part “Sweet Willy” refer to?
A．The name of the hotel.                   
B．The name of the hotel owner.
C．The building of Dog Bark Park Inn B&B.  
D．The name of a pet dog of the hotel owner.
【小題4】Which of the hotels makes you have a feeling of living in the far past?

A．Tayka Hotel De Sal	B．Green Magic Nature Resort
C．Dog Bark Park Inn B&B	D．Gamirasu Cave Hotel

【小題5】What may be the purpose of the writer writing the passage?

A．To show his wide knowledge.	B．To introduce some interesting hotels.
C．To develop business in tourism.	D．To attract attention from the readers.

Talk about a real-life hero! Ten-year-old Larry Champagne from St. Louis, Missouri, hit the brake (剎車) on a runaway school bus. He saved himself and 20 other kids on board from disaster.
It all happened in one terrible accident. On the way to school, the bus driver, Ernestine Blackman, suddenly fell ill. Seeing the car was running away, the other kids started to scream, but Larry ran to the front and stopped the bus.
“At first I thought, ‘We’re going to die,’” says Larry, “but after I pressed the brake, I felt safe.”
Larry’s speedy reaction made news all over the country. He appeared on TV shows as a hero. The bus company gave Larry a big gift. His school hung a medal of honor around his neck.
“My grandmother always tells me to do what’s right,” says Larry. He thanked his brother, Jerrick, 9, who “helped me get the bus driver up” during the emergency. How did he know how to stop the bus? Larry is something of a mechanic（機(jī)械師）. He helps his grandfather work on his old truck. “He gets his hands dirty,” says his grandfather. One thing is for certain: Larry knows where to find the brakes.
【小題1】What did Larry do to save the runaway bus?

A．He parked it for the sleeping bus driver.

B．He helped all the kids climb out through the windows.

C．He made a call to the police.

D．He pressed the brake.

【小題2】When did Larry finally feel safe?

A．When the kids finally stopped screaming.

B．When the police officers arrived.

C．Once he pressed the brake, and the bus stopped.

D．When the bus driver started driving again.

【小題3】Larry got the following as praise for his hero action Except _______.

A．a(chǎn)ppearing on TV shows	B．a(chǎn) scholarship from his school
C．a(chǎn) big gift from the bus company	D．a(chǎn) medal of honor

【小題4】Larry thanked his brother Jerrick for ________.

A．helping him get the bus driver up

B．helping him work on his old truck

C．teaching him how to find the brake

D．teaching him how to stop the bus

【小題5】The underlined sentence “Larry is something of a mechanic” tells us that ____.

A．Larry’s job is a mechanic

B．Larry knows something about machines

C．Larry is a robot

D．Larry knows nothing about machines

Taking children to school on time doesn’t have to be a battle against the clock. Here are some rules for you to follow.
Lay out children’s clean clothes the night before. Who wants to be looking through unsorted clothes for three pairs of matching socks at 8:00am? Just have the clothes you know they will wear and the food they like ready and waiting. It makes life easier when you can’t spare the time in the morning.
Allow time for yourself. Whether it’s a hot shower, a cup of coffee or five minutes’ peace, leave yourself enough time. This doesn’t include “Just five more minutes” in bed, which will often turn into oversleeping followed by mayhem.
Stick to a routine. Make sure your children know what you expect from them every morning and stick to that routine, whether it’s that they should be fully dressed before breakfast or that they should brush their teeth straight afterwards. My personal top tip for the easiest way to a pain-free morning is no TV the night before.
Keep calm. If the bus is late or you have forgotten where you parked the car, or if you are late, don’t get angry and blame the children. Every one has such a bad morning. But if your children are often late for school, it’s up to you to start a more organized morning routine.
【小題1】The passage is mainly intended for __________.

A．parents

B．teachers

C．students

D．early birds

【小題2】The underlined word “mayhem” is closest in meaning to __________

A．the bad habit

B．the sleeping hour

C．some preparation

D．some trouble

【小題3】What’s the author’s first choice to have a pain-free morning?

A．Have clothes ready in advance.

B．Allow enough time for peace.

C．Get dressed before breakfast.

D．Don’t watch TV the night before

【小題4】How many rules are mentioned for your reference in the passage?

A．Five	B．Four
C．Three	D．Two

A middle-aged couple from California got to the Pacific Ocean after a 4,900- mile-cross-country walk, becoming the first to backpack the American Discovery Trail by walking．
Marcia and Ken started the travel across 13 states, through 14 national parks and 16 national forests from Delaware and finally reached their destination a day nearly eight months later.
“We are sad that a great adventure is over. Now we just go home and do housework” said the couple, who went through cities, desert, mountains and farmland before reaching the Pacific alone.
They overcame deep snow in the East, a quicksand in Utah, close lightning strikes in the Mid- west and strong desert sandstorms in the West while averaging 22 miles a day and taking only four days off．But they enjoyed the French history of St.Louis and the beauty of the Colorado Rockies.   They particularly remember kindness of strangers they met along the way.
“Americans are truly warm-hearted and wonderful. We got to meet people that we would never meet in our daily living at home. It' s an amazing country.” Marcia said．
【小題1】Which of the following is the most suitable title?

A．The first couple to backpack the Pacific Ocean alone

B．The first couple to cover a 4,900 mile cross-country walk

C．A husband-and-wife team suffered a lot during an adventure

D．A husband-and-wife team got much help during an adventure

【小題2】Which of the statements is TRUE?

A．The couple travelled across 16 states.

B．Their walk lasted nearly half a year.

C．They prefer housework to adventure

D．They took four days off during the travel

【小題3】We know that during the walk, the couple_________.

A．were worried about their housework

B．once covered 22 miles within four days

C．were treated warm-heartedly by strangers

D．met strong desert sandstorms in the East

【小題4】Which place do you suppose can replace the underlined word “destination”?

A．Delaware

B．Colorado Rockies

C．California

D．Pacific Ocean

The Sauna World Championships (世界桑拿錦標(biāo)賽) ended in tragedy at the weekend when one of the two finalists collapsed and died. Vladimir Ladyzhenskiy, a Russian amateur wrestler in his 60s, suffered severe burns in the bizarre(怪誕的) annual event in the southern Finnish town of Heinola. He was pronounced dead late on Saturday after he collapsed alongside reigning (衛(wèi)冕) champion Timo Kaukonen of Finland roughly six minutes into the final round. The “sport” calls on participants to sit in a 230-degree (110 Celsius) room as water was tossed onto a searing stove, officials and witnesses said. Medical workers pulled both men out of the sauna in front of nearly 1,000 horrified spectators.
Both were shaking and bleeding from what appeared to be severe burns, said Hakon Eikesdal, a photographer with the Norwegian daily Dagbladet. Kaukonen, about 40, was in hospital in stable condition Sunday, contest spokesman Ossi Arvela said. The event, which had over 130 participants from 15 countries, had been held since 1999. It will never be held again, Arvela said. A pint of water is added to the stove every 30 seconds and the last person to remain at the sauna is the winner. There was no prize other than “some small things” Arvela said. He declined to provide details. Arvela said Kaukonen — the defending world champion — had refused to leave the sauna despite getting sick. Sauna bathing is a popular past-time in Finland, which has an estimated 1.6 million saunas for a population of 5 million.
Temperatures are normally kept around 158 to 176 degrees (70~80 degrees Celsius). “I know this is very hard to understand to people outside Finland who are not familiar with the sauna habit,” Arvela said. “It is not so unusual to have 110 degrees in a sauna. A lot of competitors before have sat in higher temperatures than that.” Arvela said all rules in Saturday’s competition were followed and the temperatures and times were similar to those in previous years.
【小題1】Which of the following is True of Paragraph 1?

A．Only the Russian amateur wrestler suffered severe burns in the Sauna World Championships.

B．Timo Kaukonen won a world sauna championship though he was badly burned.

C．In the Sauna World Championships Vladimir Ladyzhenskiy was badly burned and then died.

D．Both of the finalists were pulled out of the sauna, then they were horrified to death.

【小題2】The underlined word “searing” means “__________”.

A．burning

B．comfortable

C．warm

D．extinct

【小題3】What can we conclude from the situation after the tragedy?

A．There was no prize other than “some small things”, which the world champion would refuse to accept.

B．Ossi Arvela suggested there were great risks in the sauna contest and it never be held in the future.

C．The contest would be continued in which the temperatures were kept around 158 to 176 degrees.

D．It was unusual to have 110 degrees in a sauna and it was hard to understand to some people outside.

【小題4】We can infer from the news that ___________.

A．sauna is so popular that there are often competitions on weekdays in Finland.

B．the temperatures in usual saunas are too high for most people to stand in Finland.

C．the sauna contest is much too horrible even for the spectators in Finland.

D．there is a sauna for more than three people on average in Finland.

The time of year a baby is born can shape what profession they will embark on (從事) in later life, a new study has suggested. Being born in a certain month appears to indicate the statistical likelihood of what job a person will end up with, the study by the Office for National Statistics found. Researchers have uncovered that the month in which babies are born could also affect everything from intelligence to length of life.
A child born December is more likely to become a dentist while someone whose birthday falls in January will tend to a debt collector, they found. A February birth appears to increase the chances of being an artist while March babies appear to go on to become pilots. Meanwhile, April and May are said to have a fairly even spread of professions, births in the summer months mean a much lower chance of becoming a high-earning football player, doctor or dentist.
The study was derived (推導(dǎo)出) by researchers who analyzed the birth months of people in 19 separate occupations using information from the last census, the Daily Mail reported. Although these trends may be difficult to explain, correlations (關(guān)聯(lián)) between birth months and specific health problems have a scientific basis. Spring babies are at greater risks of illnesses including schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, asthma and autism. They may also be less clever than classmates born in other parts of the year.
【小題1】What is the main idea of this passage?

A．The year when a baby is born may not be associated with the job he or she will end up with.

B．Researchers have found the birth month could affect both intelligence and length of life.

C．The birth time can give signs of future development of what professions people will start.

D．The study indicates there are correlations between birth months and some terrible risks.

【小題2】Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．A child born in December is more likely to become an artist while someone born in January will tend to be a dentist.

B．A February birth appears to have the possibilities of being an artist while March babies appear to become pilots.

C．Children born in April and May are said to have equally balanced chances in their future professions.

D．Births in the summer months mean they have few chances to earn a lot of money as a football player, doctor or dentist.

【小題3】What do the researchers also study besides the analyses of the trends between birth months and professions?

A．Some serious diseases from births of many children.

B．A lot of mental illnesses caused by giving birth to children.

C．The secret of births and healthy problems.

D．The relationship between birth months and certain health problems.

The black and white bird came ashore on a beach in the south of the North Island nearly 4,000 miles away from its usual habitat. The creature’s astonishing journey was witnessed by a woman walking her dog as the two-foot bird waddled out of the water in front of her. She said, “It was out of this world to see it. It was this glistening white thing standing up on the sand and I thought I was seeing things.” The tale of the lost penguin is similar to the 2006 children’s film Happy Feet, in which a young penguin finds himself far from home during a voyage of discovery.
Conservationists believe it has completed an incredible journey for such a young bird — it is estimated to be around 10 months old. The most likely explanation for its appearance in New Zealand is the hunt for food. Experts said it may also have rested on an ice floe (浮冰) during its travels and was carried north for a great distance before it made a swim for dry land. Colin Miskelly, a curator of New Zealand Museum, said, “They can spend months at a time in the ocean and come ashore only to moult (脫毛,換毛)or rest.” Mr. Miskelly said the brave bird would have to find its way back south soon if it was going to survive. He said, “It is probably hot and thirsty and has been eating wet sand.” “It doesn’t realize that the sand isn’t going to melt inside it because they typically eat snow — their only liquid.”
New Zealand residents have been warned to give the bird a wide berth — it can inflict (予以) painful bites if threatened.
【小題1】Which of the following is True of Paragraph 1?

A．A young penguin found himself far from home during a voyage of moulting.

B．A creature’s astonishing journey was incredible in the north of the North Island.

C．A woman witnessed a 2 feet bird waddled in the children’s film while walking her dog.

D．A penguin came ashore on a beach thousands of miles away from its habitate.

【小題2】Conservationists tend to explain that____________.

A．the young bird has completed a pleasant journey of 4,000 thousand miles

B．the young bird’s appearance in New Zealand is due to its hunt for food and delay of returning

C．the young bird comes ashore in New Zealand only to moult or rest during its voyage

D．the young bird is certain to be over 10 months old when it appears on a beach

【小題3】What do we know about the penguin according to Mr. Miskelly?

A．The penguin could spend months at a time in the ocean and came ashore only to have young ones.

B．The young bird might have slept on an ice floe and could not swim for dry land.

C．The young penguin didn’t realize the sand wasn’t going to melt inside it like snow it eats.

D．The brave bird would have to find its way back north soon if it was going to survive.

【小題4】What does the underlined part mean in the last sentence? 

A．The residents should keep well away from it when they want to watch the young penguin.

B．Some people do not realize the danger of the young bird and they are expected to touch it.

C．New Zealand residents want to keep the young bird but it wants to leave the shore.

D．If the local people threatened the young bird, it would do harm to other birds nearby. .