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Last week, I bought an alarm system for about $ 450. It consisted of a control unit with three small units. I put the control unit in the sitting-room and fastened the other units by the front door, back door and living-room windows. The instructions told us to choose three numbers, so we chose 4, 9 and 1, the last three numbers of our telephone number.
Now I must explain how the alarm works:
l There is a power siren(警報器) in the control unit. It makes a very loud noise.
2 Each of the small units sends out beams or rays in different directions. If anything moves, it breaks a beam. This sends a signal to the control unit. The siren makes a noise which you can hear 50 meters away.
3. When we go to bed, I press the three buttons numbered 4, 9 and 1. Then we have 30 seconds to get out of the room before the alarm starts to work.
That night I slept soundly because I was sure that no burglar(夜賊) could get into our house. However, at about 2:10 a. m., I woke up and heard the siren. “There must be a burglar in the house,” Mary said. “What shall we do?”“I’ll go and see who’s there,” I said. “Stay here. Don’t make a noise.”I went downstairs quietly. When I reached the living-room, I switched on my torch and looked round the room. Then I turned the light on. I switched the siren off and searched the rooms downstairs. There was nothing wrong except that the back door was unlocked. I locked it, reset the alarm and went back to bed. About an hour later, the alarm started again. I jumped out of bed, fell over a chair in the dark and bumped into the bedroom door. Mary woke up and started hitting me with a torch. “Hey! Wait a minute!” I whispered. “It’s only me. I’m going downstairs to see what’s wrong.”I went down into the living-room and listened for a moment. The only sound I could hear was the siren. I turned on the light and then switched the siren off. As I did so, I glanced across at the curtains in front of the windows. I saw a house lizard (a kind of small animal) disappear behind the curtains.“Oh!” I said to myself. “That’s our burglar. ”When the lizard moved, it started the siren. I guessed that the alarm had been made in Europe, where there are no house lizards. Well. I won’t finish this story but if you want an alarm system free of charge, let me know. I’ll send you ours. We bought a dog this morning. It knows the difference between a lizard and a burglar.
【小題1】The writer bought an alarm system to ________.

A．make sure that he got up early every day

B．warn him when there were lizards in his house

C．frighten burglars and tell him that somebody had got into the house

D．make Mary feel safe to live in the large room

【小題2】The purpose of the three units was to________.

A．send a message to the control unit and start the siren

B．sound their own sirens when the control unit told them so

C．check that the control unit worked properly all the time

D．give them enough light

【小題3】If the writer set the alarm and remained in the room for more than half a minute, _______.

A．nothing would happen

B．the control unit would not work

C．the siren would make a noise

D．the dog would bark

【小題4】The purpose of the writer in writing the passage is to ________.

A．tell us that the alarm system doesn’t work

B．tell us an interesting experience

C．show us how the alarm system works

D．make it clear that he wants to give away his alarm system

Drunken driving—sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of murder—has become a national epidemic（流行�。�. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past ten years. A drunken driver is usually referred to as one with 0.10-blood alcohol content or roughly three beer glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American manly image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken killing has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially concerning young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant（忍受）.
Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend（逆轉(zhuǎn)潮流）in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18—20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.
Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.
Though new laws have led to increased arrests and tests in many areas already, to a marked drop in accidents, some states are also punishing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A bar in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was “obviously drunk” and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy.
As the accidents continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years national prohibition（禁令）of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the “noble experiment”. They forgot that legal prohibition didn’t stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption（腐�。゛nd organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.
【小題1】What can be inferred from the fact of the traffic accidents in New Jersey?

A．Young drivers were usually bad.

B．The legal drinking age should be raised.

C．Some drivers didn’t surprise the legal drinking age.

D．Drivers should not be allowed to drink.

【小題2】The underlined word “l(fā)enient” in the first paragraph means          .

A．merciful

B．cruel

C．serious

D．determined

【小題3】As regards drunken driving, public opinion has changed because        .

A．judges are no longer lenient

B．new laws are introduced in some states

C．drivers do not appreciate their manly image

D．the problem has attracted public attention

【小題4】Which of the following statements best shows the writer’s opinion of drunken driving?

A．It is difficult to solve this problem.

B．It may lead to organized crime.

C．The new laws can stop heavy drinking

D．There should be no bars to serve drinks.

Carnival(狂歡節(jié)) does not take place only in Louisiana. There are many celebrations around the world.
In Brazil, the celebration is supposed to go on from the Saturday before Mardi Gras (大齋節(jié)前的最后一天)to Mardi Gras Day, but in some Brazilian cities the celebration can last seven or eight days. Just like New Orleans, not many important things are decided in Brazil from New Year's Day to Mardi Gras Day because everyone is preparing for or celebrating carnival. Most Brazilian parades have a subject, which could be political or historical. The parades had to have a subject related to Brazil until 1996. Some cities in Brazil do not have a street carnival, but they might have an indoor party.
Bolivia has carnival parades for children and then more parades for adults. The children dress up in costumes and march in the streets. The adults make traditional dance groups and dance in the streets. But the main part of Bolivia's carnival is getting wet. Almost everyone gets wet from water balloons and water buckets. In Oruru, Bolivia, their carnival is held in the last ten days of the carnival season. People there join in dancing, but their main carnival event is a ceremonial parade that lasts for twenty hours and parades for four kilometers. Over 20,000 dancers are involved as well as 10,000 musicians. This parade attracts at least 400,000 people.
The carnival in Venice, Italy is often regarded as the most carefully prepared carnival and lasts ten days before Lent (大齋節(jié)). Many events are held in the canals including shows, concerts, dances and water processions(隊列). The official ending to the celebration is the party held in St. Mark's Square.
【小題1】What's the best title for the passage?

A．Ways of Carnival

B．Carnival Parades

C．Carnivals around the World

D．History of Carnival

【小題2】From the passage we learn that in Brazil ____.

A．not all cities have a street carnival

B．a(chǎn)ll Brazilian cities celebrate carnival for a week

C．the parades should have a subject related to Brazil politics

D．people prepare for or celebrate carnival after Mardi Gras Day

【小題3】The most important feature (特征)of the celebration of carnival in Bolivia is that ____.

A．people join in dancing

B．nearly all people are wet

C．children wearing costumes march in the streets

D．a(chǎn)dult dance groups dance in the streets

【小題4】Which of the following shows that the author pays special attention to the carnival in Bolivia?

A．The time of celebrating carnival in Bolivia is mentioned.

B．There are details and numbers about carnival celebrations in Bolivia.

C．People in the carnival celebration in Bolivia are mentioned.

D．Events or performances for carnival celebrations in Bolivia are told.

【小題5】Which of the following areas or countries prepares the most carefully for their carnival?

A．Louisiana.

B．Bolivia.

C．Venice.

D．Brazil.

As the summer time approaches, more and more commercials and advertisements can be seen on the mass media encouraging students to join English study tours abroad. The purpose of these tours is to provide students with an opportunity to learn English in a native speaking environment and use English in real situations. Parents always believe that their children will automatically speak good English after attending these study tours. However, for me, as an English major and former participant of many English study tours, I find these summer tours ineffective.
Parents who send their children abroad for a summer to study English usually believe that the native speaking environment, including the courses, teachers, and host families, can help their children to learn English better. This might be true if the students really study hard and they really get an all-English environment. But the fact is that, most of the time, the tour part is more important than the study part. Although these tours take place in foreign countries, students are rarely exposed in an all-English environment. You will find that, in the morning classes, Taiwanese students would like to stick together and speak Chinese with each other, even though there are some students from other countries. In the afternoon, the students go on a sightseeing excursion with their companions from Taiwan; they speak Chinese of course. In the evening, when students return to the host families, they would stay in their room and share the day with their roommate, another Taiwanese student. People who speak the same language with you is like a log（原木）in the ocean when living in a foreign country where you can not express yourself well, so that you would naturally stick with them. This is especially true with children.
Another unrealistic expectation parents have for these tours is that the experience of living abroad can make their children more independent and mature. However, maturity does not come overnight. It takes time and practice. The most important of all is that they need a good mentor（顧問）. None of these exist in the study tours.
【小題1】Which of the following is the most important thing for children who study in an English environment according to the writer?

A．Host families.

B．Hard work.

C．Courses.

D．Teachers.

【小題2】The underlined word “mature” in the last paragraph probably means    .

A．a(chǎn)ctive

B．free

C．outgoing

D．grown-up

【小題3】What’s the author’s attitude towards the English study tours abroad?

A．Doubtful.

B．Negative.

C．Positive.

D．Neutral.

It is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers(生產(chǎn)商) follow certain uniform standards for various features(特征) of clothes. What seems strange, however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s from the left. Considering most of the world’s population—men and women—are right-handed, the men’s standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do women’s clothes button from the left?
History really seems to matter here. Buttons first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the 17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. For the mostly right-handed servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having men’s shirts button form the right made sense, too. Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hand would be less likely to get caught in the shirt.
Today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning from the left is still the standard for them. Is it interesting? Actually, a standard, once set, resists change. At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned from the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacturer to offer women’s shirts that buttoned from the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. Besides, some women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts.
【小題1】What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?

A．It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.

B．It fails to consider right-handed people.

C．It woks better with men than with women.

D．It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.

【小題2】What do we know about the rich men in the 17th century?

A．They tended to wear clothes without buttons.

B．They drew their swords from the left.

C．They were mostly dressed by servants.

D．They were interested in the historical matters.

【小題3】Women’s clothes still button from the left today because        .

A．a(chǎn)dopting men’s style is improper for women

B．manufacturers should follow standards

C．customs are hard to change

D．modern women dress themselves

【小題4】The passage is mainly developed by          .

A．examining differences	B．making comparisons
C．a(chǎn)nalyzing causes	D．following the time order

The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not I.Q., a generally bad predictor of success. Instead, it’s purposeful practice. Top performers spend more hours practising their craft. It you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or shared the same birthday.
This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would hive her some idea of a fascinating circle who might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. She’s be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.
Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. By practising in this way, he delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious. Automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance form the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems—how do I get characters into a room—dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.
The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine; the latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard-wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behaviour.
【小題1】The passage mainly deals with          .

A．the function of I.Q. in cultivating a writer

B．the relationship between genius and success

C．the decisive factor in making a genius

D．the way of gaining some sense of distinction

【小題2】By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could         .

A．come to understand the inner structure of writing

B．join a fascinating circle of writers someday

C．share with a novelist her likes and dislikes

D．learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security

【小題3】In the girl’s long painstaking training process, ________.

A．her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success.

B．her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance

C．she acquires the magic of some great achievement

D．she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write

【小題4】What can be concluded from the passage?

A．A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’s success

B．A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.

C．As to the growth of a genius, I.Q. Doesn’t matter, but just his/her effort.

D．What really matters is what you do rather than who you are.

America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness (禮貌) to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite (相反) of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily activities. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!
【小題1】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.

B．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.

C．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.

D．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.

【小題2】From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend, we will probably be ______.

A．treated hospitably at his home

B．offered a ride to his home

C．warmly welcomed at the airport

D．treated to dinner in a restaurant

【小題3】The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ______.

A．strict with time	B．serious with time
C．willing to spend time	D．careful with time

【小題4】A suitable title for this passage would probably be “______”.

A．Friendships between Chinese

B．Friendships between Americans

C．Americans’ hospitality

D．Americans’ and Chinese’s opinions of friendships

Most American students have to say goodbye to fancy (高檔的) fruits these days. In school restaurants across the country, cheaper fruits like apples and oranges have taken their place.
“People are afraid to spend now.” said Linda Morrow, who owns a shoe and handbag store. “They don’t know what the future will bring”. During the financial crisis (金融危機), several of the country’s biggest banks have been forced to sell or close. This has made lots of Americans afraid to buy expensive things.
The crisis began last year. Experts (專家) think it was because US banks lend money too easily. Last year a lot of people and companies, who borrowed money, found themselves unable to pay it back. This left the banks, as well as the people who put their money in the banks, without money. Since the banks borrowed money between themselves and even across borders (國界), the whole world was in trouble.
This month the US government agreed on a $700 billion plan to try to save the financial market. But no one is sure whether it will help or not. Last week presidents from 20 countries promised to work together to find a way out of the money trouble.
【小題1】This passage is probably taken from ___________.

A．a(chǎn) story book

B．a(chǎn) novel

C．a(chǎn) newspaper

D．a(chǎn)n advertisement

【小題2】Why are people in the US afraid to spend?

A．Because they think it’s unnecessary

B．Because they don’t have the habit of spending money

C．Because they worry about their future

D．Because they don’t have any money

【小題3】From the passage, we still don’t know ________.

A．when the financial crisis began

B．when the financial crisis will end

C．why some of the US banks closed

D．whether the crisis has spread to other countries

【小題4】The best title for the passage is ___________.

A．Ways to Save Money

B．Financial Crisis facing the World

C．Banks in the USA

D．The USA Becoming Poor

When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.
Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open-hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was    morally（道德方面）right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered  misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars.     Let us look at their arguments.
First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil（惡行）.                           
Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs.
Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.
There is an opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think the local government department should help the beggars
It is hard to come to any final conclusion: there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver. 
【小題1】What is mainly discussed in the passage?

A．Moral deeds of people.

B．Arguments on giving to beggars.

C．Moral goodness of the giver.

D．Religious activities of the church.

【小題2】What can we infer from the underlined sentence “But has the world changed?” in Para.2 ?

A．People no longer know who suffers misfortune in the village.

B．Some people will not do what was morally right in the past.

C．We don’t meet with those who need help any more.

D．Now it is the government’s duty to help the beggars.

【小題3】Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A．Some people dress up to pretend to be beggars.

B．Some beggars have no excuse for begging.

C．Some beggars use the money to buy drugs.

D．Some beggars need money for their children’s schooling.

【小題4】In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that it is hard to come to any final conclusion, because________.

A．there is so much money wasted

B．there are so many beggars

C．the cases can be so different

D．there are so many different arguments

Some 80 percent of graduate students in East China’s Zhejiang Province said in a survey they will give up trying to find jobs in Beijing，Shanghai and Guangzhou，first-tier cities in China that have been considered dream places for many，because of the untouchable home prices and high living costs．
The Yangtse Evening Post conducted the survey among 50 job seekers who were attending Sunday’s job fair in Jiangsu for graduate students．The survey showed graduates are becoming more realistic in their job search despite the job market becoming better．
The fair attracted more than 10，000 graduate students with 7，382 positions．
“The pressure of buying a house in Beijing is unbelievable，”said Wang Jian from Nanjiing Normal University，who acknowledged he had thought about finding a job in Beijing，Shanghai or Guangzhou，but in the face of huge pressures，he has no choice but to be “realistic”．
People can have a very comfortable life in Nanjing with a monthly salary of between 3，000 yuan($450)and 4，000 yuan，but in Shanghai，5，000 yuan a month can only help you survive and buying a house will remain a dream．
A student from Nanjing University of Science and Technology said he just turned down an offer from a Shanghai company of 7,000 yuan a month because“l(fā)iving  costs in Shanghai are too high．”
An unnamed male student from Nanjing University said he will try first-tier cities only if he can get a high salary．“I would go to Beijing only if I can earn 200，000 yuan a year，”he said．
“Beijing，Shanghai and Guangzhou once had the advantages that other cities don’t have，but the high housing prices and living costs make young people barely able to breathe，”said Ren Leiming from the job service center of Jiangsu’s colleges and universities．
“First-tier cities have plenty of talents that make it hard for people to be outstanding，and if you go work in smaller cities you can become a dominant player at your position much more easily，”said Ren．
【小題1】The majority of graduate students will give up trying to find jobs in the first-tier cities because       .

A．it is not easy to find jobs there．

B．home prices and living costs there are very high．

C．they can’t make full use of their knowledge and skills there．

D．monthly salaries there are low compared with those in other cities．

【小題2】Which of the following statements is TRUE about the job market now?

A．There are more job opportunities offered now．

B．The job markets are becoming more and more competitive．

C．Many graduate students aren’t satisfied with the working conditions．

D．Companies and enterprises have stricter rules to take in graduate students．

【小題3】We can learn from the news report that       ．

A．in Shanghai，5，000 yuan a month can only help you buy a luxury house

B．the fair attracted more than 10，000 graduate students and laid-off workers with 7，382 positions

C．The Yangtse Evening Post conducted the survey among 50 personnel managers who were attending Sunday’s joh fair in Jiangsu for graduate students

D．a(chǎn) student from Nanjing University of Science and Technology turned down an offer from a Shanghai company of 7，000 yuan a month

【小題4】The words Ren said in the last paragraph mean       .

A．people can’t achieve more in first-tier cities

B．people can easily be outstanding in smaller cities

C．he would rather go to first-tier cities than smaller cities

D．talents are more welcome in first-tier cities than smaller ones