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There is no doubt that music plays a powerful role in our lives. It can calm our tired nerves after a busy day of work. Music even has the power to move us to tears when it stirs(激起) an emotional reaction. How then, does music play a role in special education?
If music has the ability to touch those hidden places we all carry inside, it proves an important tool for the special education teacher. For students with emotional problems, music can help soothe(撫慰) sadness. Consider the child that arrives in class depressed and upset. If music can indeed relax and calm him, he is more likely to focus and participate in class.
Dr. R. Joseph, author of Behavioral Neurology, writes, “It is well recorded that patients with left hemisphere(大腦半球) damage, who may be unable to speak or recognize words, can sing a melody(曲調(diào)).”
For this reason, some special education teachers have found it helpful to set their lessons to music. When students cannot understand or remember certain things, singing them helps make it easier.
Nature magazine reported “Music training helps underachievers. In Rhode Island, researchers studied eight public school first grade classes. Half of the classes became ‘text-arts’groups, receiving ongoing music training. After seven months, the students were given a test. The tested group had caught up with their fellow students in reading and surpassed(超過) their classmates in math by 22 percent. In the second year of the project, the tested students widened this even further. Students were also tested on attitude and behavior. Classroom teachers also noted improvement in these areas.”
It seems music does, indeed, play an important role in education. For the special education teacher, this is especially encouraging.
【小題1】The first paragraph is mainly about _______.

A．the role of music in education

B．the importance of music in life

C．the relationship between music and work results

D．the relationship between music and behavior

【小題2】For students with emotional problems, music might be _______.

A．a(chǎn) toy

B．a(chǎn) punishment

C．a(chǎn) medicine

D．a(chǎn) puzzle

【小題3】According to Dr. R. Joseph, people with left hemisphere damage _______.

A．a(chǎn)re unable to recognize people

B．can produce some musical sounds

C．can become special education teachers

D．might suffer right hemisphere damage too

【小題4】The tested students mentioned in the fifth paragraph _______.

A．behaved badly after the study

B．Didn’t show any difference after the study

C．had done well in their reading and math before

D．received certain music education during the study

【小題5】What is the text mainly about?

A．The meaning of special education.

B．The history of music education.

C．The problem in music education.

D．The role of music in special education

American is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while—then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time.Sometimes , we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine (常規(guī)). They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!
【小題1】The writer of this passage must be ____.

A．a(chǎn)n American

B． a Chinese

C．a(chǎn) professor

D．a(chǎn) student

【小題2】 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their family.

B．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.

C．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.

D．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.

【小題3】 From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friends, we will probably be ___.

A．warmly welcomed at the airport	B．offered a ride to his home
C．treated hospitably at his home	D．treated to dinner in a restaurant

【小題4】From the underlined sentence, we can know the Chinese people  ____.

A．a(chǎn)re strict with time	B．don’t take time seriously
C．don’t know how to use time	D．a(chǎn)re willing to spend time for friends

【小題5】A suitable title for this passage would probably be “____”

A．Friendships between Chinese	B．Friendships between Americans
C．Americans’ hospitality	D．Americans’ and Chinese’s views of friendship

Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some way. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.
In Western countries, people usually celebrate New Year at midnight on January 1st. People may go to parties, dress in formal clothes -- like tuxedos (小禮服) and evening gowns, and drink champagne at midnight. During the first minutes of the New Year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead. But some cultures prefer to celebrate the New Year by waking up early to watch the sun rise. They welcome the New Year with the first light of the sunrise.
It is also a common Western custom to make a New Year’s promise, called a resolution. New Year’s resolutions usually include promises to try something new or change a bad habit in the new year.
Many cultures also do special things to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh (again). Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.
Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck is to eat grapes on New Year’s Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck the person will have in the year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck at New Year. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas (豇豆) for good luck -- but to get good luck for a whole year you have to eat 365 of them!
【小題1】Which culture celebrates New Year in the morning?

A．The United States.	B．Spain.
C．France.	D．The passage doesn’t say.

【小題2】What is a resolution?

A．Something you burn.	B．Something you eat.
C．Something you say.	D．Something you wear.

【小題3】What is the topic of the fourth paragraph?

A．Bringing good luck.	B．Keeping away bad luck.
C．Planning for the next year.	D．Remembering the past.

【小題4】Which is probably true about eating black-eyed peas on New Year?

A．Black-eyed peas taste bad.

B．One pea brings one day of luck.

C．The peas are very difficult to cook.

D．It is bad luck to eat a lot of black-eyed peas.

When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob（烤肉串）hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything else．
Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack．
The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming．
Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers, especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking．
A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plate piled with food．
The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large．Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well．
The food especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill （烤肉架）．
The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different style of grilled meat．
One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread．Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, a kabob consisting of grilled beef．
Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious．It is a place that should not be overlooked．
【小題1】When first entering the restaurant, one can find that it ________．

A．is splendidly decorated	B．has pleasant smells of kabobs
C．is crowded with dining tables	D．looks like a common restaurant

【小題2】What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?

A．Watching news events on TV．	B．Drinking a kind of black coffee．
C．Reading local English newspapers．	D．Discussing world topics in low voices．

【小題3】The food of the restaurant ________．

A．is served in small amounts	B．is rather expensive
C．is rich in variety	D．is very healthy

【小題4】What is the dish Joojeh Kabob mainly made of?

A．Rice

B．Chicken

C．Bread

D．Beef

【小題5】It can be inferred from the passage that the restaurant ________．

A．occupies a large space	B．owns a favorable location
C．is popular for its special food	D．has a quiet environment inside

Weddings in the United States vary as much as the people do. There are church weddings with a great deal of fanfare（儀式上用的短曲）; there are weddings on mountain-tops with guests barefooted (赤腳的); and there have been weddings on the ocean floor with oxygen tanks for the guests. But many weddings, no matter where or how they are performed, include certain traditional customs.
Before a couple is married, they become engaged. And then invitations are sent to those who live nearby, their close friends and their relatives who live far away. When everything is ready, then comes the most exciting moment.
The wedding itself usually lasts between 20 and 40 minutes. The wedding party enters the church while the wedding march is played. The bride carrying a bouquet （花束）enters last with her father who will "give her away ". The bridegroom enters the church from a side door. When the wedding party is gathered by the altar, the bride and bridegroom exchange vows (誓言). It is traditional to use the words "To have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death do us part ". Following the vows, the couple exchange rings. Wearing the wedding ring on the fourth finger of the left hand is an old custom.
After the ceremony there is often a party, called a "reception" which gives the wedding guests an opportunity to congratulate the new couple . The car in which the couple leaves the church is decorated with balloons, streamers and shaving cream. The words "Just Married" are painted on the trunk or back window. The bride and bridegroom run to the car under a shower of rice thrown by the wedding guests. When the couple drives away from the church, friends often chase them in cars, honking (鳴汽車?yán)��?and drawing attention to them. And then the couple go on their honeymoon.
【小題1】This passage is written mainly to let us know something about _______ .

A．health and lifestyle	B．science and technology
C．culture and custom	D．education and entertainment

【小題2】Why do the wedding guests throw a lot of rice at the bride and bridegroom when they run to the car ?

A．To wish them good luck .	B．To make fun of them.
C．Not mentioned .	D．To draw attention to them .

【小題3】Which of the following is TRUE of American weddings ?

A．They are always held in churches whoever they are .

B．The bride’s father is usually present to lead his daughter to the bridegroom and give her to him .

C．Only bridegrooms send rings to brides .

D．Brides needn’t make vows before bridegrooms .

【小題4】Which of the following is the correct order in which the following events happen ?
a. sending invitation           b. going on honeymoon
c. attending the wedding        d. giving a reception
e. getting engaged

A．e-b-c-d-a

B．e-c-d-a-b

C．b-c-d-a-e

D．e-a-c-d-b

America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!
【小題1】The writer of this passage must be ______.

A．a(chǎn)n American

B．a(chǎn) Chinese

C．a(chǎn) professor

D．a(chǎn) student

【小題2】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.

B．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.

C．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.

D．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.

【小題3】From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend, we will probably be ______.

A．warmly welcomed at the airport

B．offered a ride to his home

C．treated hospitably at his home

D．treated to dinner in a restaurant

【小題4】 The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ______.

A．strict with time	B．willing to spend time
C．careful with time	D．serious with time

【小題5】A suitable title for this passage would probably be “______”.

A．Friendships between Chinese

B．Friendships between Americans

C．Americans’ hospitality

D．Americans’ and Chinese’s views of friendship

People smile at times. However, the meaning of a smile in different cultures may be different. Depending on different cultures, smiling can express joy and amusement, but it can also show embarrassment.
People in the United States smile a lot. Every one smiles at each other in order to show they are open and friendly. However，in China, smiling is not only an expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid being embarrassed. Chinese people like smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment. Smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer（嘲笑）. For example: When a child falls off from a bike, the adults in China may smile, which is a kind of gentle encouragement and not a kind of impolite laugh.
When a person from the United States might blush（臉紅）with embarrassment or become offensive(冒犯的), a Chinese might blush with smile. To avoid serious misunderstanding, people who engage in intercultural communication should be able to understand the meaning of smiling properly.
【小題1】 We can use smile to express all of the following feelings except _________,

A．joy and happiness

B．a(chǎn)musement

C．embarrassment

D．fear

【小題2】 People often smile at each other in the United States because _________.

A．they are very happy

B．they want to show they are friendly

C．they want to hide their true feelings

D．they want to avoid embarrassment

【小題3】 In China, seeing a child falls off a bike, an adult will smile in order to _______.

A．laugh at him

B．a(chǎn)void his own embarrassment

C．a(chǎn)void embarrassment and encourage the boy

D．show his politeness

【小題4】 What is mainly talked about in the passage?  

A．People smile at times.

B．Smiling can express different feelings depending on different cultures.

C．Americans are more open and friendly than Chinese people.

D．The Chinese people often hide their true feelings.

Friendship Day in India falls on the first Sunday of August every year. It is celebrated with many activities.
Young people in India spend the day with their closest friends and have fun together. Most youngsters in India plan a movie or have a meal with their friends. Many friends may go on a drive to tourist places or go camping. Some friends go to the supermarket for shopping. On Friendship Day, most stores offer discounted(打折的) prices for customers and it is the perfect day to buy something for friends.
Some friends go to parties that are organized by many restaurants in order to attract youngsters. Such parties are very enjoyable. You can get food at a discounted price. Some friends just decide to meet up (碰頭，相聚) at someone’s home and talk about their happy time. The time good friends spend sitting together and talking over a cup of coffee is unforgettable.
Long-distance friends call up each other on this day and wish each other with warm feelings. Some of them even plan to meet up on this day. Yet some others plan a surprising visit just to see their friend gasp (喘息) in shock!
【小題1】When is Friendship Day celebrated in India?   

A．On August 2nd every year.	B．On the third weekend of August every year.
C．On August 1st every year.	D．On the first weekend of August every year.

【小題2】According to the text, which of the following is the most popular way that youngsters in India celebrate Friendship Day?
A. Traveling with friends              B. Seeing a film with friends
【小題3】How many ways of friends spending Friendship Day together are discussed in Paragraph 3?

A．Two

B．Three

C．Four

D．Five

【小題4】The underlined phrase “a surprising visit” in Paragraph 4 refers to “____”.

A．a(chǎn) visit to a friend who hasn’t expected it

B．a(chǎn) visit to a friend who has dreamed of it for a long time

C．a(chǎn) visit to a friend who tries to avoid it

D．a(chǎn) visit to a friend who lives in a faraway place

Pop music is the name for different forms of popular, commercial(商業(yè)) music. It had its beginning in the USA and spread throughout the whole world during the 1950s and 1960s. It is widely liked by the young people. The best known early form of pop music was “rock’ n’ roll”; another was “blues”. A more recent development is “folk-rock”. Pop music has taken the place of native music in many parts of the world; it has caused the number of people for jazz to become much smaller than it was in the 1950s and earlier, and it has now begun to rule musical stage productions. It’s a big industry. Much pop music is without artistic value, but the work of some pop singers, e.g. the Beatles, Bob Dylan, the groups like Floyd and Crosby, Stills and Nash, is on a higher musical level. And there is still a great interest in it today. Pop music concerts and festivals are held all over the world.
【小題1】All of the following forms belong to pop music EXCEPT _______________.

A．blues

B．rock’ n ’roll

C．jazz

D．folk-rock

【小題2】According to the article, the number of people for jazz in the 1950s and earlier was ___________ it is today.

A．much greater than

B．much smaller than

C．a(chǎn)s great as

D．a(chǎn)s small as

【小題3】Which of the following is TRUE?

A．No pop music is on a high musical level.

B．Much pop music is very artistic.

C．Pop music is highly artistic.

D．Not all pop music is without artistic value.

People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions--and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why．
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes．
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said．“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and ignore the mouth．”
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral．They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies．
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did．“The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said．“Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less．”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion．From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion．Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation．
【小題1】The discovery shows that Westerners _______.

A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth

B．consider facial expressions universally reliable

C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions

【小題2】What were the people asked to do in the study?

A．To make a face at each other．	B．To get their faces impressive．
C．To classify some face pictures．	D．To observe the researchers’ faces．

【小題3】What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A．The participants in the study．	B．The researchers of the study．
C．The errors made during the study．	D．The data collected from the study．

【小題4】In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to ________.

A．do translation more successfully	B．study the mouth more frequently
C．examine the eyes more attentively	D．read facial expressions more correctly

【小題5】What can be the best title for the passage?

A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul

B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills

D．How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding