欧美日韩黄网欧美日韩日B片|二区无码视频网站|欧美AAAA小视频|久久99爱视频播放|日本久久成人免费视频|性交黄色毛片特黄色性交毛片|91久久伊人日韩插穴|国产三级A片电影网站|亚州无码成人激情视频|国产又黄又粗又猛又爽的

Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.  The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard. Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example. But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But is also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.
There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.
【小題1】What does the underlined phrase “over-consumption” refer to?

A．Using too much packaging.

B．Recycling too many wastes.

C．Making more products than necessary.

D．Having more material than is needed.

【小題2】The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show _______.

A．the tendency of cutting household waste

B．the increase of packaging recycling

C．the rapid growth of super markets

D．the fact of packaging overuse

【小題3】According to the text, recycling ______.   

A．helps control the greenhouse effect

B．means burning packaging for energy

C．is the solution to gas shortage

D．leads to a waste of land

【小題4】What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?   

A．Unpackaged products are of bad quality.

B．Supermarkets care more about packaging.

C．It is improper to judge quality by packaging.

D．Other products are better packaged than food.

【小題5】What can we learn from the last paragraph?   

A．Fighting wastefulness is difficult.

B．Needless material is mostly recycled.

C．People like collecting recyclable waste.

D．The author is proud of their consumer culture.

London—coffee protects mice from radiation and could get the same way in humans, according to Indian scientists.
Scientist at India’s Bhabha Atomic Research Center discovered that mice injected with caffeine (咖啡因)remained alive after high doses(劑量)of normally lethal radiation.
Although the study was limited to animals, Kachadillilli George, head of the research team, believes the findings could have implications (something suggested )  for humans .
“It does suggest that coffee might have some beneficial effects in protecting against radiation,” he told New Scientist magazine late last month.
George and his team injected 471 mice with caffeine and left them uncovered to 7.5 grays of gamma radiation(伽瑪射線),enough to kill most mice. But 25 days later 70 percent of the mice that had received 80 milligrams(毫克)of caffeine per kilogram of body weight were still alive.
On the contrary all 196 mice that had been left uncovered to the same radiation but had not been given any caffeine died.
【小題1】George and his team drew the conclusion from    .

A．the magazine

B．their invention

C．the experiment

D．their experience

【小題2】From the news, we know     can be protected from radiation.

A．both mice and humans	B．only mice
C．only humans	D．neither humans nor mice

【小題3】From paragraph 5, we know 30 percent of the mice died 25 days later. The reason was probably that     .

A．these mice had been given only 80 milligrams of caffeine

B．these mice hadn’t been injected with caffeine

C．these mice were very big and strong

D．these mice hadn’t been given enough caffeine

【小題4】Which is the best title of the article?

A．Human and Mice	B．New Radiation Defense—Coffee
C．Deadly Radiation—Gamma Radiation	D．Mice Died of Caffeine

【小題5】In paragraph 2,the underlined word “ lethal ”means   .

A．causing death

B．lively

C．exciting

D．rich

A small town in Tasmania, an island off the south coast of mainland Australia, is making itself an environmental role model by becoming the country's first plastic bag-free town.
Since April 28, Coles Bay's population of 175 and its tourist shoppers have been using reusable paper or cloth bags to carry their shopping.
Ben Keamey, a local businessman who supports the bag ban, said it would cut  the amount of waste and prevent damage to native wildlife that try to eat the plastic.
"Most businesses here come from the tourism and that's all based on the environment, so people were pretty supportive," he said.
Every year Australians use more than six billion plastic bags. More than half of these come from the supermarket. Since it takes years for the bags to biodegrade（生物遞減分解）, tens of millions end up polluting the environment. They kill about 100,000 sea-birds and animals, which mistake bags for food, every year.
Only in the past few months have major Australian supermarkets begun cutting on their use of plastic bags. Environmental groups are pushing for a plastic bag fee like that in Ireland. There, since plastic bags cost 10 pence (about 1 yuan) each, their use has been cut by 90 per cent.
Pollution caused by plastic bags is a big headache for countries all over the world. As early as 1999, Beijing said that only plastic bags of certain thickness could be used. This was to encourage them to be used again and again, since an average of six million plastic bags are used there every there every single day.
【小題1】Which might be the best title for this passage?

A．Deadly Plastic Bags	B．The End of Plastic Bags
C．How to Reuse Plastic Bags	D．The Present Situation of Plastic Bags

【小題2】Plastic bags will not be used by the native people of Coles Bay because they ______.

A．cause the environmental pollution	B．a(chǎn)re not easy to be reused
C．a(chǎn)re not as good as cloth bags	D．a(chǎn)re not strong enough

【小題3】Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Plastic bags kill many animals in Australia each year.

B．Most Australian supermarkets have begun cutting on their use of plastic bags.

C．People at Coles Bay think poor environment may affect their tourism.

D．You have to pay for the plastic bags if you go shopping in Ireland.

【小題4】The example of Coles Bay is to show that ______.

A．people take serious actions to deal with the plastic bag problem

B．people begin to realise the harm of using plastic bags

C．Australia is the first country in solving the plastic bag problem

D．Australians are aware of the importance of protecting the small town

【小題5】Which of the following measures on plastic bags is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A．To forbid to use them by law.

B．to charge fee for plastic bags.

C．To make them thick enough to be reuseable.

D．To make them environmentally friendly.

People often hear each others' voices without ever seeing the faces they belong to. "Nowadays we are talking away on the phone without meeting people," says Seung-Jae Moon. And from business conference calls to chat lines, people often imagine they would recognize the speaker if they saw him or her. Seung-Jae Moon, a linguist of Korea found that, under certain conditions, they're actually right.
Moon decided to see just how close those mental pictures match up with reality and if there was any relation to how people speak rather than what they are saying. He recorded 16 Koreans, half men and half women, reading the same passage, and took a full-body photo and head shot of each speaker. Then he played the tapes for 361 Koreans and 173 Americans who did not speak Korean and asked his subjects to match up voice and picture. The Korean participants viewing full-body photos were quite perceptive. A majority linked 6 of the 8 women to the correct voice and did so for 5 of the 8 men. With the Korean group shown only faces, accuracy plummeted, but more than 20 percent of the subjects selected the same incorrect picture. The Americans showed no accuracy in matching the foreign voices to photos, but they too were consistent in their errors. That disconnection reveals conflicting ideas of physical and vocal beauty. Moon asked people to pick a favorite face and voice. Seventy percent of the Koreans picked one voice, but there was no agreement on a face. Americans didn' t agree on either count. And over 65 percent of both Koreans and Americans did not match their favorite face with their favorite voice.
Moon hopes to use software to break voices into components like pitch and hoarseness to narrow down which elements trigger certain mental pictures. "If we can map which characteristics of the voice triggers what kind of linage, and it doesn't matter whether that image is the right or wrong one of the actual speaker, then we can create an image through voice,' he says. That capacity could help to create computer-synthesized voices tailored to conjure up specific associations — audio books for children that inspire motherly visages, or warning alerts that bring to mind a stern police officer.
【小題1】People often think that they would ______ the speaker when they saw the speaker.

A．understand

B．recognize

C．like

D．surprise

【小題2】Moon decided to do the experiment to ______.

A．see how close mental pictures match up with reality

B．how people speak

C．see if there was any relation to how people speak rather than what they are saying

D．both A and C

【小題3】He asked ______ Korean women to speak and recorded their voices.

A．12

B．16

C．8

D．10

【小題4】______ were more perceptive in recognizing full-body photos.

A．The Koreans	B．The American women
C．The Korean women	D．The Americans

【小題5】______ percent of Koreans and Americans matched their favorite face with their favorite voice.

A．Less than 65

B．Less than 35

C．Over 65

D．About 20

Four decades ago a group of college students visited the mountains of Borneo to examine moth (蛾) populations. Now a team of British scientists, including a member of the original trip, has returned to the same sites to repeat the survey. They have found that, due to rising temperatures, the insects now live 68 meters higher.
Global warming is forcing tropical (熱帶的) species uphill to escape the rising temperatures at a rate of nearly 2 meters a year, the new study from Borneo suggests.
Since this was the only chance to repeat the original survey, the scientist did everything they could to do it exactly the same way, going at the same time of year, in July and August, using photographs to find the exact original sites of the moth traps.
"While this is the first study of insects, a few other studies of tropical species are starting to appear," said Thomas. "If you look across all those studies, you’ll find the same results, and it’s extremely difficult to think of any other explanation for them."
While some species might survive by finding places on the mountains with temperatures similar to those of their original habitats, others may run out of habitat on the rocky peaks, warns the study.
In a paper in the journal Naturein 2004, Thomas and 13 other experts analyzed the habitats of 1,100 species on five continents, and estimated that on average one quarter were at risk of extinction.
Last year a paper published in the Public Library of Science in the US warned that the risk of extinction in the tropics was becoming more and more serious. The authors, Jana and Steven Vamosi, estimated that 20-45% of tropical species were at risk of extinction.
【小題1】If the temperature continues to rise at the same rate for ten years, the insects will live about ______.

A．6.8 meters higher	B．19 meters higher
C．34 meters higher	D．68 meters higher

【小題2】What’s the problem for some species moving up mountains?

A．There’ll be too little space.

B．The temperature will be much too low.

C．They will be at greater risk of extinction.

D．They’ll find it hard to adapt to the environment.

【小題3】We can learn from the passage that ______.

A．this survey of moths has been carried out many times

B．some scientists have put forward other explanations for the results

C．scientists tried to repeat the original survey

D．20-45% of tropical species were estimated to be at risk of extinction in 2004

【小題4】Which of the following has been mainly discussed in the passage?

A．Climate change forcing moths higher.

B．Protecting moths from extinction.

C．How to research tropical moths.

D．How to study moths living on mountains.

If you are afraid of the dark，it’s not a big deal．It’s perfectly normal to feel afraid After all，animals do too. “Fear matters，”says Karen Warkentin，an ecologist．“It’s a good thing，” she adds, “because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”
Like kids，many animals experience fear and they respond to the feeling in variety of ways．A frightened turtle pulls its head and legs inside its shell．A  small fish will swim away when a big，hungry fish approaches．
Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect．The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs. Warkentin made the surprising discovery while studying red—eyed tree frogs in Costa Rica.
In this species，female frogs attach jellylike clumps（果凍一樣的塊狀物）of their eggs to the undersides of leaves．The leaves hang on branches that dangle（懸掛）over ponds．After they hatch from the eggs，the tadpoles（蝌蚪）then fall into the water，where they eventually grow into adult frogs.
Tree frog eggs usually grow for 6 days before hatching．If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule. As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.
If hatching early helps protect red—eyed tree frogs from snakes，you might wonder why their eggs don’t always hatch sooner．It turns out that hatching early brings its own danger．Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them too．Staying in their eggs for a full 6 days，then，allows frog embryos（胚胎）to grow big and strong．This extra growth improves their chances of surviving in the water．
【小題1】It can be inferred from the passage that fears      .

A．help animals grow bigger and stronger

B．a(chǎn)re less common among young animals

C．help animals move a lot to fit the environment

D．a(chǎn)re more or less important in order for animals to survive

【小題2】We are told in the passage that tree frogs       .

A．face danger both inside their eggs and in the water

B．will grow fast if they fall into the water later

C．a(chǎn)re surprisingly clever when inside their eggs

D．stay in their eggs longer if they are frightened

【小題3】Why do the tadpoles hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule？Because

A．They like falling into the water early

B．They want to grow into adult frog

C． They sense a hungry snake is about to attack

D．Frog embryos can grow strong

【小題4】What is the best title of the passage ？

A．What is Fear	B．Why do we feel afraid
C．You feel afraid，animals do too	D．Fear is a good thing

【小題5】What do you think would be discussed in the following paragraph?

A．Further explanations as to why tree frogs hatch ahead of schedule．

B．How the unborn frogs know when a snake is about to attack them．

C．Another example of animals that responds to fear in an unexpected way．

D．How tree frogs improve their chances of survival before falling into the water.

Scientists from South Korea are trying to convert（轉(zhuǎn)化）sound waves into electricity. The research could lead to charging a cell phone from a conversation or providing energy to the nation’s electricity system generated（產(chǎn)生）by the noise during rash-hour traffic.
“Just as speakers transform electrical signals into sound, the opposite process —turning sound into a source of electrical power — is possible,” said Young Jun Park and Sang-Woo Kim, the joint authors of a new article in the journal Advanced Materials.
Harvesting energy from phone calls and passing cars is based on materials known as piezoelectrics. When bent, piezoelectric materials turn that mechanical energy into electricity. Lots of materials are piezoelectric: cane sugar, quartz （石英）and even dried bone which could create an electrical charge when stressed. For decades, scientists have pumped electricity into piezoelectric materials for use in environmental sensors, speakers and other devices.
Over the past few years, however, scientists have made dramatic advances in getting electricity out of piezoelectric devices. In an experiment, by using sound waves, which at 100 decibels（分貝）were not quite as loud as a rock concert （a normal conversation is about 60-70 decibels）, the South Korean scientists produced a mild electrical current of about 50 millivolts（毫伏）. The average cell phone requires a few volts to function, several times the power this technology can currently produce.
“But the real question is whether there is enough surrounding noise to act as a power source as for a cell phone,” said McAlpine, a leading scientist. A consumer probably wouldn’t want to attend a rock concert or stand next to a passing train to charge his cell phone. The South Korean scientists agree but they expect to get a higher power output as they continue their work.
【小題1】According to the two South Korean scientists, ________.

A．sound waves can travel faster than electricity

B．new materials can send cell phone signals better

C．using cell phones adds to heavy traffic in rush hour

D．electricity and sound can be transformed into each other

【小題2】We know from the passage that piezoelectric materials ________.

A．can produce electricity when stressed

B．a(chǎn)re good at changing electricity into sound

C．can reduce the noise of passing cars

D．have been widely used in phones and cars

【小題3】It can be inferred from the South Korean scientists’ experiment that ________.

A．it is hard to change sound into electricity under current conditions

B．it is impossible to make use of loud sound

C．the technology has a long way to go to have a practical use

D．the technology can power cell phones easily

【小題4】What McAlpine doubts about the technology is ________.

A．the noise pollution	B．the sound resource
C．the cost of piezoelectrics	D．the safety of devices

[1] Look at the center circles of Diagram A and Diagram B. Which of the centre circles looks larger?

[2] Take a first look and you probably think that the centre circle in Diagram A is smaller than that in Diagram B. In fact, they are exactly the same size.
[3]Then look at the picture on the right. What do you see? A vase? Or two faces? Does the picture change quickly from one to the other again and again? Maybe or maybe not, but you can see them at the same time.

[4]“What’s happening? Is something wrong with my eyes?” You may wonder at what you see. Don’t worry. Here is how it goes:
[5]When we look at things, our eyes send messages to our brains and then our brains interpret the information. However, sometimes our brains interpret the received information in a wrong way. It seems that our eyes are playing a joke on us. This often happens and we call it “Visual illusion(幻覺)”.

[6] Movie makers often make use of illusions. They make the objects around actors much smaller or bigger than usual. This makes us believe that the actors are much larger or smaller than they usually are. The movies Jurassic Park and Honey J shrunk the kids just make use of illusions.
【小題1】In which column of a magazine can you read the above text?

A．Culture.

B．Science.

C．Humour.

D．Education.

【小題2】The centre circle in Diagram A looks smaller than that in Diagram B, That’s because____.

A．something is wrong with our eyes

B．the two circles are not of the same size

C．our brains interpret the information wrongly

D．pictures change quickly from one to the other

【小題3】In the picture on the right, it seems that Line AB is shorter than line CD, but in fact line AB is as long as Line CD. Which paragraph can explain what has happened to our eyes?
A. The second one.         B. The third one.   C. The sixth one..          D. The fifth one
【小題4】What’s the right order according to the text?
a. We look at things with our eyes.        b. Our brains interpret the messages.
c. Our brains tell us what we have seen.  d. Our eyes send messages to our brains.
A. a-d-b-c      B c-a-b-d    C a-c-d-b   D. b-e-a-d

“If you want to see a thing well, reach out and touch it!”
That may seem a strange thing to say. But touching things can help you to see them better.
Your eyes can tell you that glass ball is round. But by holding it in your hands, you can feel how smooth and cool the ball is. You can feel how heavy the glass is.
When you feel all these about the ball, you really see it.
With your skin, you can feel better. For example, your fingers can tell the difference between two coins in your pocket. You can feel a little drop of water on the back of your hand, too.
You can even feel sounds against your skin. Have you ever wanted to know why some people like very loud music? They must like to feel the sounds of music.
All children soon learn what “Don’t touch!” means. They hear it often. Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up. In shops, we touch things we might buy, such as food, clothes and so on. To see something well, we have to touch it.
The bottoms of our feet can feel things, too. You know this when you walk on warm sand, cool grass or a bad floor. All feel different under your feet.
There are ways of learning to see well by feeling. One way is to close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching your skin. Feel the shoes on your feet, the clothes on your body, the air on your skin. At first, it is not easy to feel these things. You are too used to them!
Most museums are just for looking. But today some museums have some things to touch. Their signs say, “Do touch! There you can feel every thing on show. If you want to see better, reach out and touch. Then you’ll really see!”
【小題1】By touching things _______.

A．you will have a strange feeling

B．you will learn how to reach out

C．you can tell the difference between them

D．you can tell what colors they are

【小題2】Which of the following can be the best title of the story?

A．Touching by Feeling	B．To See or to Feel
C．To See Better — Feel	D．Ways of Feeling

【小題3】When people buy things in shops, they often _______.

A．try them on first

B．put their right hand on them

C．just has a look

D．feel and touch them

【小題4】Why does it say, “At first, it is not easy to feel these things?”

A．The things are used by people, too.

B．People are used to the things.

C．People know how to use the things.

D．The things are easy to feel.

【小題5】Which of the following is true?

A．Touching can help people learn things better.

B．Our feet, fingers, hands and skin can help us enjoy music.

C．People have to learn to see by feeling as they grow up.

D．Visitors cannot feel the things on show in some museums.

Some researchers claim that people’s personalities can be classified by their blood types
If you have blood type O, you are a leader. When you see something you want , you strive to achieve your goal. You are passionate, loyal, and  self-confident, and you are often a trendsetter(標(biāo)新立異的人)。Your enthusiasm for projects and goals spreads to others who happily follow you. When you want something ,you may be ruthless(不留情面的)about getting it or blind to how your actions affect others .
Aother blood type A, is a social , “people” person . You like people and work well with them . Y ou are sensitive , patient , compassionate , and affectionate .You are a good peacekeeper because you want everyone to be happy .In a team situation , you resolve conflicts and keep things on a smooth course . Sometimes type As are stubborn and find it difficult to relax. They may also find it uncomfortable to do things alone.
People with type B blood are usually individualist who like to do things on their own . You may be creative and adaptable, and you usually say exactly what you mean . Also you can adapt to situations , you may choose to do so because of your strong independent streak. You may prefer working on your own to being part of a team .
The final blood is type AB . If you have AB blood , you are a natural entertainer. You draw people to you because of your charm and easy-going nature .ABs are usually calm and controlled , tactful(圓滑的) fair. On the downside ,though , they may take too long to make decisions. And they may procrastinate, putting off tasks until the last minute.
【小題1】People with type O will do the following things except__________

A．manage businesses	B．self-control
C．be considerate	D．set the fasion

【小題2】Which of the following is not the feature of type A?

A．Stubborn

B．Sensitive

C．reserved

D．Patient

【小題3】The best profession for a type AB is __________

A．a(chǎn)thlete

B．peacekeeper

C．a(chǎn)ctor

D．country leader