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IMAGINE if there was a device that could do everything for you – wake you up every morning, chat with you and type your e-mails.
The piece of technology in question would be smart, able to tell you about the weather and where the nearest restaurants are.
The good thing is you no longer need to wonder, because something like this already exists. And its name is Siri.
Siri is a voice recognition application designed for Apple products and the concept has been around for almost a year.
When Siri first came out it could only speak English, but now it has “l(fā)earned” lots of new languages, including Chinese, Cantonese and Taiwanese, reported The Wall Street Journal. So, you can give it orders in your mother tongue.
But how could a cell phone or a computer “hear” what you are saying and understand it? This is all because of voice recognition technology.
When you speak, your voice creates vibrations (振動(dòng)) in the air – a bit like waves in the water when you throw a rock into the lake. The microphone receives the vibrations and the computer changes them into digital data that is then divided into many parts. They are analyzed one by one to see what pronunciations each part stands for. The computer then puts these pronunciations together into possible words according to its built-in dictionary.
But figuring out the words is far from enough; building words into meaningful sentences is the most difficult part. The computer has to compare what it hears to a large library of known phrases and sentences to determine what the user is saying.
However, people don’t always talk in the most standard way and sometimes make grammatical mistakes. This is why traditional voice recognition software always requires you to remember keywords and to speak in a certain way.
Fortunately, Siri isn’t like that. It’s not just “voice recognition”; it’s “natural language understanding (NLU)”. You can ask it things like “Do I need an umbrella today?” and it will know that you are asking about the weather, according to ABC News.
“The key thing is NLU – understanding what you mean and what you want,” Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. “Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that’s natural to you.”
【小題1】What is the function of the first two paragraphs?

A．To show that invention usually results from need.

B．To clear doubts about voice recognition technology.

C．To introduce something that offers these helpful services.

D．To show how the voice recognition works.

【小題2】Which step is the most complicated in the process of voice recognition according to the article?

A．Changing the received vibrations into digital data.

B．Analyzing the digital data to see what pronunciations it represents.

C．Putting the pronunciations together into possible words.

D．Figuring out meaningful sentences based on the words.

【小題3】How can you get Siri to respond according to the article?

A．You can speak in a natural way as you would to a person.

B．You can only speak English and Chinese.

C．You have to say things in a certain way.

D．You have to remember keywords and speak specific commands.

【小題4】What can be concluded from the article?

A．Siri can record and save what you say frequently into a computer dictionary.

B．Siri will fail to understand what you say if you make grammatical mistakes.

C．The biggest advantage of Siri is that it’s NLU is rather than just voice recognition.

D．Since first applied to Apple products a year ago, Siri has made great improvements.

【小題5】The text is mainly about ________.

A．the convenience of future life.

B．a(chǎn)n introduction to the Apple products.

C．the working system of voice recognition

D．the introduction to Siri

Can trees talk? Yes, but not in words. Scientists have reason to believe that trees do communicate (交際) with each other. Not long ago, researchers learned some surprising things. First a willow tree attacked in the woods by caterpillars (毛蟲(chóng)) changed the chemistry of its leaves and made them taste so terrible that they got tired of the leaves and stopped eating them. Then even more astonishing, the tree sent out a special smell---a signal (信號(hào)) causing its neighbors to change the chemistry of their own leaves and make them less tasty.
Communication, of course, doesn’t need to be in words. We can talk to each other by smiling, raising our shoulders and moving our hands. We know that birds and animals use a whole vocabulary of songs, sounds, and movements. Bees dance their signals, flying in certain patterns that tell other bees where to find nectar (花蜜) for honey. So why shouldn’t trees have ways of sending message?
【小題1】It can be concluded from the passage that caterpillars do not feed on leaves that ______.

A．a(chǎn)re lying on the ground	B．have an unpleasant taste
C．bees don’t like	D．have an unfamiliar shape

【小題2】The willow tree described in the passage protected itself by ______.

A．growing more branches	B．communicating with birds and bees
C．changing its leaf chemistry	D．shaking caterpillars off

【小題3】According to the passage, the willow tree was able to communicate with other trees by ______.

A．waving its branches	B．giving off a special smell
C．dropping its leaves	D．changing the colour of its trunk

【小題4】According to this passage, bees communicate by ______.

A．making special movement	B．Telling one another
C．smelling one another	D．making unusual sound

Sports shoes that work out whether their owner has done enough exercise to promise time in front of the television have been devised in the UK.
The shoes- named Square Eyes- contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter (發(fā)射器) passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves(應(yīng)得), based on the day's efforts.
The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University in London, UK. "We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out," she says. "And I wanted to tackle that with my design."
Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically (自動(dòng)地) switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps. Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals exactly one minute of TV time.
Existing pedometers(計(jì)步器) normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. "It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort," she says. "That was one of my main design considerations."
【小題1】According to Swan, the purpose of her design project is to _____.

A．keep a record of the steps of the wearer.

B．deal with overweight among teenagers.

C．enable children to resist (抵制) the attraction of TV.

D．prevent children from being tricked by TV programs.

【小題2】Which of the following is true of Square Eyes shoes?

A．They control a child's evening TV viewing time.

B．They determine a child's daily pocket money.

C．They have raised the hot issue of overweight.

D．They contain information of the receiver.

【小題3】Compared with other similar products, the new design ___.

A．sends teenagers' health data(數(shù)據(jù)) to the receiver.

B．counts the wearer's steps through shaking.

C．records the sudden movement of the wearer.

D．make it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat

【小題4】Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A．Smart Shoes Stop Childhood Overweight

B．Smart Shoes Guarantee More Exercise

C．Smart Shoes Measure Time of Exercise

D．Smart Shoes Decide on Television Time

Think about the last time you felt a negative emotion—like stress, anger, or frustration. What was going through your mind as you were going through that negativity? Was your mind cluttered with (充斥) different kinds of thoughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable to think?
The next time you find yourself in the middle of a very stressful time, or you feel angry or frustrated, stop. Yes, that’s right, stop. Whatever you’re doing, stop and sit for one minute. While you’re sitting there, completely immerse yourself in the negative emotion.
Allow that emotion to consume you. Allow yourself one minute to truly feel that emotion. Don’t cheat yourself here. Take the entire minute—but only one minute—to do nothing else but feel that emotion.
When the minute is over, ask yourself, “Am I willing to keep holding on to this negative emotion as I go through the rest of the day?”
Once you’ve allowed yourself to be totally immersed in the emotion and really feel it, you will be surprised to find that the emotion clears rather quickly.
If you feel you need to hold on to the emotion for a little longer, that is OK. Allow yourself another minute to feel the emotion.
When you feel you’ve had enough of the emotion, ask yourself if you’re willing to carry that negativity with you for the rest of the day. If not, take a deep breath. As you exhale, release all that negativity with your breath.
This exercise seems simple—almost too simple. But, it is very effective. By allowing that negative emotion the space to be truly felt, you are dealing with the emotion rather than stuffing it down and trying not to feel it. You are actually taking away the power of the emotion by giving it the space and attention it needs. When you immerse yourself in the emotion, and realize that it is only emotion, it loses its control. You can clear your head and proceed with your task.
【小題1】What should you do when you are into negativity according to the article?

A．Listen to some music.

B．Ignore it and do something else.

C．Just do nothing and truly feel that emotion.

D．Think about it and try to deal with it immediately.

【小題2】The underlined word “immerse” (Paragraph 2) most probably means _____.

A．break down

B．get rid of

C．cut off

D．throw into

【小題3】What’s the best title of this text?

A．Clear Your Mental Space.

B．Deep Breath, Trouble Away.

C．Try to Avoid the Negative Emotion.

D．Keep Holding on to This Negative Emotion as Long as Possible.

【小題4】The author’s opinion towards negative emotion is _____.

A．doubtful

B．optimistic

C．frightened

D．confused

Broken rubber bands and flat tires requiring replacement could soon be a thing of the past．
French researchers have developed a new kind of rubber that can repair itself when broken．The new rubber is made from widely available materials including vegetable oil and a common industrial chemical．All the materials are considered safe to the environment and can be easily reused．
The best part is that the new rubber can be repaired and used again and again without losing its strength or ability or stretch．When cut, the rubber can be made new again, simply by pressing the two broken ends back together．
The product can be repaired at room temperature, around twenty degrees Centigrade；other self-healing materials require higher temperatures for repair．
Traditionally, rubber substances are made from huge molecules（分子）connected by strong chemical links, or bonds．The new rubber is made of smaller molecules．The molecules are linked together using hydrogen bonds．When connected in this way, the molecules act like one long molecule, forming what is called supramolecular networks（超分子網(wǎng)）．When the rubber is cut, the molecules attempt to connect with whatever molecule is near them．When pressed together, the molecules are able to repair themselves at the molecular level, making the repaired rubber like new．
However, time is an important element in the process．If the broken ends are not brought together quickly, a repair is not possible．This is because molecules will form bonds with molecules on their own side．The inventors say the surfaces of the rubber can be repaired within a week of being separated．
The rubber is the creation of scientists at the Industrial Physics and Chemistry Higher Education Institution in Paris．The organization is part of France's National Center for Scientific Research．The new material is described in greater detail in the research publication Nature．
【小題1】According to the introduction, which of the following is NOT the advantage of the new rubber?

A．It can be made as easily as common rubber．

B．It is environmentally-friendly．

C．It can repair itself at room temperature．

D．It is made of smaller molecules．

【小題2】What does the 5th paragraph mainly tell us?

A．Why the new rubber is unique．

B．Why the new rubber can repair itself．

C．The new rubber is made from huge molecules．

D．The new rubber is different from the common rubber．

【小題3】If we want to know more about the technology of this kind of new rubber, where can we get the information?

A．In the researchers' diary．	B．In a guide book．
C．In a research magazine．	D．In a newspaper．

Random ramblings from a guy who is too busy to have a Web site. On the bright side, you won't find any ads, pop-ups, hype, or any attempts to sell you anything at all. Furthermore, you won't find any pages divided into a hundred little boxes. And the text is so large, you don't need an electron microscope to read it. A refreshing break from reality.  Anyway, here's what I have so far as I gradually resurrect my poor neglected Web site.
PC Survival Camp
Being new to computers, or even just being a “casual user”, isn’t always fun. It's as though everybody on the planet assumes you already know all the buzzwords, and already possess all the skills necessary to use a computer.  Which is a really big assumption, when you consider that nobody was ever born knowing how to use a computer. The links below provide some quick mini-tutorials on all the skills and buzzwords that everyone else seems to assume you already know. Click on any link (underlined text) for a quick mini-lesson. Use the Back button at the bottom of any
page to work your way back to this page.

TechFear Camp	Jargon Camp	Internet Camp	Windows XP Camp
Wrong button!	Hardware	What is the Net?	Desktop
Crash the Internet!	Ports	What's Bandwidth?	Start menu
Erase everything!	KB, megabytes, etc.	What's Download?	Taskbar
Run out of space!	Software	What Web browser?	Quick Launch
Email privacy!	Toolbars	Getting around	Notifications
Viruses!		What e-Mail client?	Moving and Sizing
Hackers!		Death to pop-ups	Control Panel
			More...

If you're looking for Microsoft Access stuff, click here.
l I'm gradually bringing back some of my old HTML stuff here.
l If you have a question, Ask Alan
【小題1】Who is the passage written for?

A．Everyone	B．College students.
C．Anyone who wants to use a computer.	D．An expert on computers.

【小題2】What’s the advantage of this web site?

A．It’s cheap.	B．There are no ads.
C．It’s modern.	D．It provides an electron microscope.

【小題3】You can learn computer skills except_____.

A．Erase everything!

B．Software.

C．Flash .

D．Taskbar.

【小題4】If you have problems, ask____ for help.

A．Coolnerds.com	B．PC survival Camp
C．Alan	D．HTML Stuff

This recently-released documentary(紀(jì)錄片)had some fantastic footage(鏡頭) in it, and a very personal look at many of the astronauts who went to the moon. Overall, that is a very exclusive(獨(dú)特的) club; only about a dozen men ever did it in the history of the world and just eight or nine ever stepped foot on it. Most of them are still alive and they discuss their adventures, insights and personal feelings here.
One gets the feeling that the rest of us will never know exactly how beautiful the moon is except to take the astronauts’s words about it, because even the pictures on this DVD can’t convey that.
Since this documentary is about 100 minutes long, you get a lot of information. You also get reminded how close two of the three men who went up on that historic first walk on the moon almost didn’t get home alive.
An absence in this documentary is the most famous astronaut of them all: Neil Armstrong, the first man to step foot on the moon! Apparently, he did not want to be part of this film. One of the astronauts mentions something briefly about Armstrong being somewhat of a “recluse(隱居者)” now and it “being understandable with what he’s gone through”. From what I’ve read, a lot of people have tried to make money off him in shady ways and so now he’s withdrawn(退出) from the public spotlight.
This film, a legacy to the Apollo program and the brave men who ran it, should be in every schoolroom. It would make history more interesting to students.
【小題1】What can we know from the passage?

A．One of the astronauts talks about how beautiful the moon is.

B．Two of the three men who went to the moon lost their lives.

C．The documentary would make more students interested in history.

D．The astronauts talk about their adventures, insights and excitement.

【小題2】How many astronauts first flew to the moon?

A．1

B．2

C．3.

D．4

【小題3】Why was Armstrong absent from the film?

A．Because he didn’t like to show in public.

B．Because he has been tired of astronaut’s life.

C．Because someone wanted to make money off him.

D．Because he thought what he did was nothing to mention.

【小題4】What made Armstrong famous around the world?

A．That he came back safely to the earth alive.

B．That he became an astronaut.

C．That he first stepped on the moon.

D．That he walked on the moon for 100 minutes.

Whether you’re headed to another country for business or pleasure, it is likely that you need to keep in touch with family or business partners in the United States. But if you plan to do that using your cell phone, you could have an unwelcome surprise. U,S. cell phones don't work abroad. U.S. companies use different forms of technology, not like most of the international community, including Europe.
However, there is an easy, cost-effective solution to staying in touch while you're traveling, You can rent a phone that is guaranteed to work in the countries you're visiting. Roadpost offers a 30-day cell phone rental plan that includes call waiting services, free incoming calls and free voicemail.
The service is convenient and simple. You can place your order online and your phone will be shipped to arrive on the date you want. If an unexpected business trip comes up, Roadpost can provide next-day delivery for most cities. In addition to the phone, Roadpost provides a spare battery, travel Charger and a leather carrying case.
When your phone is shipped from Roadpost, you receive an e-mail confirmation that  contains your international cell phone number so you can leave it with family members and  business partners: Roadpost even provides business cards preprinted with your international  phone number.
Those who don’t want to be without e-mail while traveling can rent an international BlackBerry. It can be hard to stay in touch by e-mail when traveling. With an international BlackBerry, you can email as much as you like, without worrying about an expensive bill.
If you're traveling to very remote areas, you may want to consider renting a satellite phone. Because they receive their signals from satellites, these phones work anywhere the planet, including oceans and mountains. When you return, simply ship the phone BlackBerry back to Roadpost using the return kit the company provides.
【小題1】According to the text, Roadpost probably is______ .

A．a(chǎn)n organization that offers some free services

B．a(chǎn) person who offers some advice to foreign tourists

C．a(chǎn) company that rents cell phones to Americans going abroad

D．a(chǎn) person who makes travel plans for Americans

【小題2】The first paragraph mainly tells us that______ .

A．Americans need to change their cell phones

B．European form of technology is different from America’s

C．U.S. cell phones don't work abroad

D．Americans who go abroad will meet an unwelcome surprise

【小題3】Which of the following will help you a lot in mountainous areas?

A．BlackBerry.	B．The return kit.
C．E-mail.	D．Satellite phones.

【小題4】According to the text, it can be inferred that_______ .

A．a(chǎn)n international BlackBerry is mainly used to send ,.-mail for free

B．Roadpost can offer cell phones used in different areas

C．you should select a bag used to send your cell phone

D．Roadpost's service is convenient and simple

【小題5】Which of the following services is free of charge from Roadpost?

A．Voicemail.	B．Sending e-mail.
C．Shipping the phone back.	D．Call waiting services.

The 2012 London Olympics had enough problems to worry about. But one more has just been added - a communications blackout caused by solar storms.
After a period of calm within the Sun, scientists have detected the signs of a flesh cycle of sunspots that could peak in 2012, just in time for the arrival of the Olympic torch in London.
Now scientists believe that this peak could result in vast solar explosions that could throw billions of tons of charged matter towards the Earth, causing strong solar storms that could jam the telecommunications satellites and interact links sending five Olympic broadcast from London.
"The Sun's activity has a strong influence on the Earth. The Olympics could be in the middle of the next solar maximum which could affect the functions of communications satellites," said Professor Richard Harrison, head of space physics at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire. 
At the peak of the cycle, violent outbursts called coronal mass ejections (日冕物質(zhì)拋射) occur in the Sun's atmosphere, throwing out great quantities of electrically-charged matter. " A coronal mass ejection can carry a billion tons of solar material into space at over a million    kilometres per hour. Such events can expose astronauts to a deadly amount, can disable satellites, cause power failures on Earth and disturb communications," Professor Harrison added. The risk is greatest during a solar maximum when there is the greatest number of sunspots.
Next week in America, NASA is scheduled to launch a satellite for monitoring solar activity called the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which will take images of the Sun that are 10 times clearer than the most advanced televisions available.
The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory helped to make the high-tech cameras that will capture images of the solar flares (太陽(yáng)耀斑) and explosions as they occur.
Professor Richard Hold away, the lab's director, said that the SDO should be able to provide early warning of a solar flare or explosion big enough to affect satellite communications on Earth "If we have advance warning, we'll be able to reduce the damage. What you don't want is things switching off for a week with no idea of what's caused the problem," he said.
【小題1】The phrase "communications blackout" in paragraph 1 most probably refers to          during the 2012 Olympics.

A．the extinguishing of the Olympic torch

B．the collapse of broadcasting systems

C．the transportation breakdown in London

D．the destruction of weather satellites

【小題2】What can be inferred about the solar activity described in the passage?

A．The most fatal matter from the corona falls onto Earth.

B．The solar storm peak occurs in the middle of each cycle.

C．It takes several seconds for the charged matter to reach Earth.

D．The number of sunspots declines（減少） after coronal mass ejections.

【小題3】What does the last sentence mean?

A．So far scientists still don’t know what caused the Solar Storms.

B．When Solar Storm happens, you’d better turn off the electrical appliances.

C．The risk is greatest during a solar maximum when there is the greatest number of sunspots.

D．Early warming can help minimize the harm of the Solar Storms.

【小題4】According to the passage, NASA will launch a satellite to _  _ 

A．take images of the solar system

B．provide early warning of thunderstorms

C．keep track of solar activities

D．improve the communications on Earth

【小題5】Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A．Solar Storms: An Invisible Killer

B．Solar Storms: Earth Environment in Danger

C．Solar Storms: Threatening the Human Race

D．Solar Storms: Human Activities to Be Troubled

Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.
Kristy vanMarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown, infants（嬰兒）are able to quantify substances（物質(zhì)）—like sand or water—as early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will choose the larger amount, especially when it comes to food.
With the assistance of her team researchers, vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount.
“Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however, infants don’t seem to count things like water or sand,” vanMarle said. “What we’re saying is that they can quantify substances; The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select the larger one.”
This information further refutes（駁斥）the long-held idea that babies “know nothing of the world,” vanMarle said.
“Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we’ve discovered a lot of early abilities. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that there’s somebody there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,” vanMarle said.
In the future, vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child’s progress in math-related skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities, such as “Baby Einstein,” still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.
【小題1】Babies choose the larger amount of food     .

A．by saying numbers	B．with the help of parents
C．on personal preference	D．through their natural abilities

【小題2】The quantifying ability refers to the ability to     .

A．choose between different substances

B．get much knowledge of the world

C．describe the quantity of something

D．obtain math-related skills

【小題3】What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?

A．The process of doing research.

B．The scientific findings.

C．The final choice of infants.

D．The observation of infants’ behavior.

【小題4】We can learn from the text that     .

A．some parents don’t care about their kids

B．people used to think the world is known to babies

C．little research has been done on infants

D．scholars disagree on baby-training programs

【小題5】What’s the best title of the text?

A．Breakthrough in Baby Studies

B．Amazing Baby-training Ideas

C．Early Human Abilities

D．Unique Quantifying Methods