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When a Swedish ship that sank（沉） in 1628 was recovered from the port of Stockholm, historians and scientists were overjoyed with the chance to examine the remains of the past. The ship construction showed how ships were built and operated during the seventeenth century.  In this way, artifacts, objects made by human beings, provided a picture of daily life almost 400 years ago.
Underwater archaeology(考古)-the study of ships, aircraft and human settlements that have sunk under large bodies of water-is really a product of the last 50 years.  The rapid growth of this new area of study has occurred because of the invention of better diving equipment. Besides the Swedish ship wreck(殘�。�，underwater archaeologists have made more exciting discoveries such as the  5000-year-old boats in the Mediterranean Sea.
Underwater archaeology can provide facts abut the past. In ancient ports all over the world are ships sunken in the past 6, 000 years.  There are also sunken settlements in seas and lakes telling of people’s way of life and their systems of trade in ancient times. Underwater archaeologists want to study these objects to add to the world's knowledge of history, but they have to fight two enemies.  One enemy is treasure hunters who dive for ancient artifacts that they can sell to collectors.  Once sold, these objects are lost to experts.  The second enemy is dredging machines(挖掘機(jī)）often used to repair ports. These machines destroy wrecks and artifacts or bury them deeper under sand and mud. By teaching the public about the importance of underwater “museums” of the past, archaeologists are hoping to get support for laws to protect underwater treasures.
【小題1】What purpose does Paragraph 1 serve in the passage?

A．To provide background information of the topic

B．To attract readers' attention to the topic

C．To use an example to support the topic

D．To offer basic knowledge of the topic

【小題2】The aim of underwater archaeology is to    .

A．exploit(開(kāi)發(fā))water bodies	B．search for underwater life
C．study underwater artifacts	D．examine underwater environment

【小題3】Underwater archaeologists are worried because_____.

A．sea hunters have better diving equipment

B．their knowledge of world history is limited

C．dredging machines cause damage to the ports

D．sold artifacts can hardly be regained for research

【小題4】What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To introduce a young branch(分支) of learning.

B．To discuss the scientists’ problems.

C．To explain people’s way of life in the past.

D．To describe the sunken ships.

It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can' t fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.
Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.
Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain' s temperature was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.
【小題1】The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.

A．the time is too short for doctors

B．the patients are often too nervous

C．the damage is extremely hard to fix

D．the blood-cooling machine might break down

【小題2】The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.

A．taking the blood out of the brain

B．trying the operation on monkeys first

C．having the blood go through a machine

D．lowering the brain' s temperature

【小題3】With Dr. White' s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain _______.

A．can last as long as 30 minutes	B．can keep the brain' s blood warm
C．can keep the patient' s brain healthy	D．can help monkeys do different jobs

【小題4】What is the right order of the steps in the operation?
a. send the cooled blood back to the brain
b. stop the blood to the brain
c. have the blood cooled down
d. operate on the brain

A．a(chǎn),b,c,d

B．c,a,b,d

C．c, b, d, a

D．b, c, d, a

For five days, Edmonton's Downtown Park is transformed into one huge stage where artists are able to share their talents, and where people are able to celebrate and enjoy themselves .Since its beginning in 1980, the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating(紀(jì)念）the true feeling of what folk music is all about and that's the traditional togetherness(友愛(ài)）that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings through song.
This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival. "People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation ," Riedel said. "It's really easy to relax, and it's great seeing family and friends have fun together." These families and friends come from all different kinds of musical tastes. People who take pleasure in Blues are there, so are people who love Bluegrass. This festival does its best to develop everyone's musical interests.
With so many years of experience, the festival has become a well-oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible. There are free water stations throughout the venue(舉辦地）for people to fill up their travel cups. When people buy food, reusable dishes are given a $2 plate fee, but that is returned when the plate is brought back.
The festival has completely sold out of tickets, and in record time. But with big names such as Van Morrison and Jakob Dylan, it’s easy to see how that was going to happen. There is no parking area during the festival, so using the Park & Ride system or Edmonton Transit is highly recommended. A bike lock-up area is provided and will be available Thursday until Sunday one hour before the gates open until 45 minutes after the gates close.
The Edmonton Folk Music Festival begins on Wednesday, Aug.4 with Van Morrison playing the special donation fund （基金）concert, and will finish up on Sunday, Aug.8.
【小題1】The Edmonton Folk Music Festival is held mainly to ___________.

A．remind people of the real sense of folk music

B．gather people with different musical tastes

C．exhibitive good voices of great talents in folk music

D．collect old stories of folk music

【小題2】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．It's hard for people to appreciate Blues.

B．Riedel has volunteered for the festival for at least 5years.

C．It costs people a little to fill up their cups from water stations.

D．People have to pay $2 for a plate of food.

【小題3】We can learn from the passenger that____.

A．people can get tickets easily for the festival

B．driving one's own car to the festival is highly recommended

C．the Edmonton Folk Music Festival is highly recommended.

D．bikes are available at the festival from Wednesday to Sunday

【小題4】What would the best title for the passenger?

A．Folk Music of Blues	B．One Festival Family Gathering
C．Festival for family Gathering	D．Edmonton’s Downtown Park

Wilderness
“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.  
As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(開(kāi)發(fā)) brings to such landscapes(景觀) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.
Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.
I look forwards to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.
This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.
【小題1】John Sauven holds that_____.

A．many people value nature too much

B．exploitation of wildernesses is harmful

C．wildernesses provide humans with necessities

D．the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong

【小題2】What is the main idea of Para. 3?

A．The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.

B．Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.

C．Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.

D．All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.

【小題3】What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?

A．Objective.

B．Disapproving.

C．Sceptical.

D．Optimistic.

【小題4】Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

A．

B．

C．

D．

CP: Central Point       P: Point     Sp: Sub-point(次要點(diǎn)) : Conclusion

Warm water freezes more quickly than cold water. Sir Francis Bacon said that almost four hundred years ago. But few people believed him until 1970. In that year a Canadian scientist George Kill proved the English professor was right. Dr Kill filled an open oil pail(桶) with cold water. He filled another with warm water. He put both in the same low temperature. The warm water froze first. The lack of covers on the pails is the secret. Some of the warm water changed into vapor. This meant that less of the warm water was left to be frozen. And so the warm water froze faster than the cold water even though it had a greater temperature drop to make.
【小題1】Hundreds of years ago, Sir Francis Bacon found _______.

A．the temperature of warm water drops faster than that of cold water

B．warm water is heavier than cold water

C．warm water has the same temperature as cold water

D．warm water is not as useful as cold water

【小題2】What Sir Francis Bacon said was right, but people didn't believe him until _______.

A．late in the 19th century	B．early in the 20th century
C．three years ago	D．late in the 20th century

【小題3】Leave a pail with warm water and another pail with cold water in the same low temperature, you’ll find that _______.

A．cold water freezes first

B．warm water turns into ice before cold water

C．warm water and cold water freeze at the same time

D．much of cold water is changed into air.

【小題4】Why does warm water freeze first in the same freezing weather?

A．Because some of the warm water turns to vapor, the amount(數(shù)量) becomes less than that of cold water.

B．Because warm water is lighter than cold water.

C．Because the temperature of warm water is lower than that of cold water.

D．Because cold water freezes with more difficulty than warm water.

Mobile phones are an important business tool for farmers in rural areas. But they also put a valuable educational tool in their hands.
The University of Illinois in the United States has a project called SAWBO—Scientific Animations Without Borders. It produces educational videos that can be downloaded to cell phones. The goal is to help people in developing countries improve their lives.
One video shows farmers how to make a natural insecticide from neem seeds to prevent insect damage to crops. The process starts with sorting and drying the neem fruits. Then let the fruit dry in the sun for about three or four days, until they become brown. Using a mortar(碾槌) and stick, the fruits are slightly pounded to remove the shells from the fruits without breaking the seed inside.
The videos use computer animation(動(dòng)畫). Some of the animated characters are a little funny looking-like a farmer with a long nose. But the subjects are serious, including a health video on preventing cholera(霍亂). Team member Francisco Seufferheld says the information in the videos is meant to be quickly understood. He says, “The information is digested in such a way that in two minutes, we can transmit a complex idea.”
The researchers tested the seven-minute video on seven mobile phones. They wanted to see if people would share the video using Bluetooth wireless technology. With Bluetooth, files can be passed to a nearby phone even if neither phone is connected to the Internet. As a result, in one month, the video had spread to one hundred eighteen people in fifty different villages. “This is just incredible impact,” said Francisco Seufferheld.
The team has made a few videos so far. These are available in a total of eighty languages, dialects and accents. Professor Barry Pittendrigh says there are plans for more videos later this year.
【小題1】What is the text mainly about?

A．A best-selling mobile phone

B．A valuable educational project for farmers

C．United States support for developing countries

D．A new type of scientist –farmer relationship

【小題2】The SAWBO program is introduced in order to ____.

A．raise farmers’ standard of living

B．do some research on mobile phones

C．develop farmers’ practical skills

D．help farmers prevent insect damage to corps

【小題3】The biggest advantage of the program is that it______.

A．includes health video on preventing cholera

B．can be passed to farmers using Bluetooth technology

C．can be used to sort and dry the neem fruits

D．is easy for farmers to understand

【小題4】Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “ pound” in the 3^rd paragraph?

A．moved

B．beat

C．picked

D．cut

Everyday we talk about and use the Internet, but how many of us know the history of the Internet?
Many people are surprised when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. At that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer network didn’t work well. If one computer in the network broke down, then the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many different computers. If part of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. In this way computer network system would keep on working on the time.
At first the Internet was only used by the government, but in the early 1970s, universities, hospitals and banks were allowed to use it too. However, computers were still very expensive and the Internet was difficult to use. By the start of the 1990s, computers became cheaper and easier to use. Scientists had also developed software that made “surfing” in the Internet more convenient.
Today it is easy to get on-line and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mail is more and more popular among students.The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of people’s life.
【小題1】The Internet has a history of more than _______ years.

A．sixty

B．forty

C．fifty

D．twenty

【小題2】A new network system was set up to _________.

A．make computers cheaper

B．make itself keep on working all the time

C．break down the whole network

D．make computers large and expensive

【小題3】__________ made “surfing” the Internet more convenient.

A．Computers

B．Hardware

C．Software

D．Information

【小題4】Which of the following is TRUE?

A．In the 1960s, computer network worked well.

B．In the early 1970s, the Internet was easy to use.

C．Today it’s still not easy to get on-line.

D．Sending e-mail is now more popular among students than before.

Mobile phones are an important business tool for farmers in rural areas．But they also put a valuable educational tool in their hands．
The University of Illinois in the United States has a project called SAWBO—Scientific Animations Without Borders．It produces educational videos that can be downloaded to cell phones．The goal is to help people in developing countries improve their lives．
One video shows farmers how to make a natural insecticide from neem seeds to prevent insect damage to crops．The process starts with sorting and drying the neem fruits．Then let the fruit dry in the sun for about three or four days, until they become brown．Using a mortar（碾槌） and stick, the fruits are slightly pounded to remove the shells from the fruits without breaking the seed inside．
The videos use computer animation（動(dòng)畫）．Some of the animated characters are a little funny looking-like a farmer with a long nose．But the subjects are serious, including a health video on preventing cholera（霍亂）．Team member Francisco Seufferheld says the information in the videos is meant to be quickly understood．He says, “The information is digested in such a way that in two minutes, we can transmit a complex idea．”
The researchers tested the seven-minute video on seven mobile phones．They wanted to see if people would share the video using Bluetooth wireless technology．With Bluetooth, files can be passed to a nearby phone even if neither phone is connected to the internet．As a result, in one month, the video had spread to one hundred eighteen people in fifty different villages．" This is just incredible impact," said Francisco Seufferheld．
The team has made a few videos so far．These are available in a total of eighty languages, dialects and accents．Professor Barry Pittendrigh says there are plans for more videos later this year．
【小題1】What is the text mainly about?

A．A best-selling mobile phone

B．A valuable educational project for farmers

C．United States support for developing countries

D．A new type of scientist –farmer relationship

【小題2】The SAWBO program is introduced in order to ____．

A．raise farmers’ standard of living

B．do some research on mobile phones

C．develop farmers’ practical skills

D．help farmers prevent insect damage to crops

【小題3】The biggest advantage of the program is that it______．

A．includes health video on preventing cholera

B．can be passed to farmers using Bluetooth technology

C．can be used to sort and dry the neem fruits

D．is easy for farmers to understand

【小題4】Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “ pound” in the 3^rd paragraph?

A．moved

B．beat

C．picked

D．cut

Brrriiinnng．The alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning．You jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into your clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think．A stressful journey to work gets your blood pressure climbing．Once at the office, you glance through the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters．In that sort of mood, who can get down to work, particularly some creative, original problem-solving work?
The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open-minded thinking．Imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when we’re unfocused．If you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening when you are relaxed．Sleepy people’s lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving．By not giving yourself time to tune into your wandering mind, you’re missing out on the surprising solutions it may offer．
The trip you take to work doesn’t help, either．The stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons （神經(jīng)細(xì)胞）, making inspirations less likely to occur．And while we all should read a lot about what’s going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the day’s work is done．
So what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving? We’d set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead．We’d stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation．We’d take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic．And once in the office—after we get a cup of coffee—we’d click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer．
【小題1】What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A．To tell us a specific story．

B．To introduce the topic of the passage．

C．To indicate how busy one usually is in the morning．

D．To show mornings are not suitable for creative work．

【小題2】What does the author imply about newspapers?

A．They are normally full of bad news．

B．They are solution providers．

C．They are a source of inspiration．

D．They are more educational than websites．

【小題3】By “tune into your wandering mind” （in Para．2）, the author means “_______”．

A．wander into the wild	B．listen to a beautiful tune
C．stop concentrating on anything	D．switch to the traffic channel

【小題4】The author writes the last paragraph in order to _______．

A．establish a routine for the future	B．summarize past experiences
C．a(chǎn)dvocate diverse ways of life	D．offer practical suggestions

It can greet people, show DVDs and hand out balloons. “Ubiko”, a robot-on –wheels with a catlike face, is joining the crew of temporary workers supplied by a Japanese job-referral company, Ubiquitous Exchange, to stores, events and even weddings. Next month, the 44-inch tall robot will be selling mobile phones at a store.
Ubiko can be hired as a temporary worker for two hours for 105,000 yen, or $890.
“We see this as serious business. There are jobs that robots are better at,” Akiko Sakurai said “people do develop a relation with the robot, and it’s lovable.”
The $255,000 robot, which is equipped with a camera and sensors, greets customers with a nasal electronic voice, shows DVDs with a projector in its head and hands out balloons and other goods with wireless remote-controllable arms.
Ubiko sounds like a Japanese female name, which often ends with “ko”.
Tmsuk, the Japanese company that makes the robot, sold three last month to hospital, where they are working as full-time, rather than temporary, receptionists and guides. One of the hospital’s robots serves as a receptionist and has been programmed to greet visitors. It also has a touch-panel(控制板) on its body, and visitors can use it to get directions for where they want to go. 
“Just give it electricity, and a robot can work for long hours, even do repetitive work, and you don’t have to worry about labor laws,” Sudo said.
Japan’s lower birth rate means that in the coming years it could face a labor shortage, and some experts believe robots could be part of the key to that problem. Robots are very popular in Japan partly because of the popularity of cartoons that describe robots as friends and assistants to humans.
【小題1】The news report is mainly to _________________.

A．give praise to advanced robots in Japan

B．introduce the development of robots in Japan

C．tell readers the advantage of the robots in Japan

D．introduce a newly-developed robot in Japan

【小題2】We can learn from the passage that ____________.

A．the price of Ubiko is $890

B．the purpose for a store to buy the robot is to greet customers

C．Ubiko can work for long hours without using energy

D．three robots have been sold to a hospital

【小題3】Which of the following can be inferred about Ubiko according to the passage?

A．It sounds beautiful, like a girl’s voice.

B．It is named after a Japanese girl.

C．It will have a wider market.

D．It was designed for hospitals.

【小題4】Which of the following makes robots more popular in Japan?

A．The low price of robots.

B．The interesting shapes of robots.

C．The function of showing DVDs and handing out balloons.

D．Cartoon’s showing good relationship between robots and humans.

【小題5】Which of the following about Ubiko is NOT true?

A．It has a face of female.

B．There is a projector in its head.

C．It is equipped with a camera and sensors.

D．It has wireless remote-controllable arms.