欧美日韩黄网欧美日韩日B片|二区无码视频网站|欧美AAAA小视频|久久99爱视频播放|日本久久成人免费视频|性交黄色毛片特黄色性交毛片|91久久伊人日韩插穴|国产三级A片电影网站|亚州无码成人激情视频|国产又黄又粗又猛又爽的

Sometimes people add to what they say even when they don’t talk. Gestures are the “silent language” of every culture. We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say．It is important to know the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood.
In the United States，people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction．The handshake must be firm．If the handshake is weak，it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness．Friends may place a hand on the other’s arm or shoulder．Some people，usually women，greet a friend with a hug（擁抱）．
Space is important to Americans．When two people talk to each other，they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle，so they are not facing each other directly．Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close．They will move back to have their space．If Americans touch another person by accident，they say “Pardon me” or “Excuse me”．
Americans like to look at the other person in the eyes when they are talking．If you don’t do so，it means you are bored，hiding something，or are not interested．But when you stare at someone，it is not polite．
For Americans，thumbs-up means yes，very good，or well done．Thumbs-down means the opposite．To call a waiter，raise one hand to head level or above．To show you want the check，make a movement with your hands as if you are signing a piece of paper．It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger（食指）．Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them．
Learning a culture’s body language is sometimes confusing（使糊涂的）．If you don’t know what to do，the safest thing to do is to smile．
【小題1】From the first paragraph we can learn that ________．

A．gestures don’t mean anything while talking

B．gestures can help us to express ourselves

C．we can learn a language well without body language

D．only American people can use gestures

【小題2】If you are introduced to a stranger from the USA，you should _______．

A．greet him with a hug

B．place a hand on his shoulder

C．shake his hand firmly

D．shake his hand weakly

【小題3】In the United States，people often ________．

A．show their friendship by touching each other

B．show their friendship by glancing at each other

C．say “Pardon me” to each other when they are talking

D．get uncomfortable when you stand close to them

【小題4】If you talk with an American friend，it’s polite to ________．

A．look up and down at your friend

B．look at the other person in the eyes

C．hide your opinion

D．look at your watch now and then

It’s our hope that the calculator will promote action, awareness and empowerment by showing you that one person can make a difference and help stop global warming.
There are many simple things you can do in your daily life—what you eat, what you drive, how you build your home—that can have an effect on your immediate surroundings, and on places as far away as Antarctica. Here is a list of things that you can do to make a difference.
Use Compact Fluorescent Bulbs
Replace 3 frequently used light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs. Save 300lbs (pounds) of carbon dioxide and $60 per year.
Use Recycled Paper
Make sure your printer paper is 100% post consumer recycled paper. Save 5lbs of carbon dioxide per ream of paper.
Take Shorter Showers
Showers account for 2/3 of all water heating costs. Save 350 lbs of carbon dioxide and $99 per year.
Buy Products Locally
Buy locally and reduce the amount of energy required to drive your products to your home.
Carpool When You Can
Own a big vehicle？Carpooling with friends and co-workers saves fuel. Save 790 lbs of carbon dioxide and hundreds of dollars per year.
Don’t Idle in Your Car
Idling wastes money and gas, and generates pollution and global warming causing emissions. Except when in traffic, turn your engine off in you must wait for more than 30 seconds.
Buy Organic food
The chemicals used in modern agriculture pollute the water supply, and require energy to produce.
Turn Off Your Computer
Shut off your computer when not in use, and save 200 lbs of carbon dioxide. Conserve energy by using your computer’s “sleep mode” instead of a screensaver.
With a Stop Global Warming calculator which costs you only $50 in hand, you will find what you do does count.
【小題1】 The Stop Global Warming calculator can serve the following purposes EXCEPT __________.

A．introducing the ways of saving carbon dioxide

B．Telling how to save money in your daily life

C．promoting action, awareness and empowerment and helping stop global warming

D．introducing how global warming is formed

【小題2】 How many tips are related to cars?__________.

A．1

B．2

C．3

D．4

【小題3】 Which of the following is NOT true according to the list of tips? ___________.

A．Using a screensaver instead of the computer’s “sleep mode”

B．Buying products in the neighborhood

C．Using recycled printer paper

D．Replacing frequently used light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs

【小題4】What does the underlined word “carpooling” mean according to the passage?____.

A．Changing your big vehicle into a small one with your friends and co-workers to save fuel

B．Going to the pool with your friends and co-workers by car

C．Trying to share a big vehicle with your friends to save fuel

D．Washing the car in a pool by yourself instead of having it washed by your

friends and co-workers
【小題5】  What is the purpose of the author writing this passage?___________.

A．Giving people tips on how to save money in life

B．Telling people how to be environment-friendly

C．Promoting the product “Stop Global Warming calculator”

D．Telling people how to prevent carbon dioxide from being released

Some plants get so hungry they eat flies, spiders, and even small frogs. What’s more amazing is that these plants occur naturally (in special environment) in every state. In fact, they’re found on every continent except Antarctica.
You’ve probably seen a Venus’ flytrap. It’s often sold in museum gift stores, department stores, and even supermarkets. A small plant, it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container. At the end of its stalks（莖）are specially modified leaves that act like traps. Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger(觸發(fā)) hairs. When an insect lands on them, the trap suddenly shut. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch.
The Venus’ flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants, says Barry Meyers-Rice, the editor of the International Carnivorous Plant Society’s Newsletter. Note: Despite any science –fiction stories you might have read, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans.
Dr. Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating, only if it does all four of the following: “attract, kill, digest, and absorb” some forms of insects, including flies, butterflies, and moths. Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants ---well, most of the time.
All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis(光合作用). Plants use the sugar to make food. What makes “meat-eating” plants different is their bug-catching leaves. They need insects for one reason: nitrogen(氮). Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can’t obtain any other way. Why almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil “Meat-eating” plants can’t. They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity(酸度). So they’ve come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals. In fact, nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to “meat-eating” plants. Never fertilize(施肥)them! But don’t worry, either, if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they’ll grow very slowly.
【小題1】According to the passage, carnivorous plants       .

A．only grow in wild field	B．a(chǎn)re rare to see
C．a(chǎn)re as common as flies	D．cannot grow on Antarctica

【小題2】Venus’ flytrap preys on insects by          .

A．its numerous long stalks	B．a(chǎn) container where it grows
C．its insect-catching leaves	D．the lining of tiny trigger hairs

【小題3】We can conclude from the third paragraph that_____.

A．carnivorous plants are dangerous

B．carnivorous plants are fictional

C．carnivorous plants occasionally eat books

D．carnivorous plants are harmless to humans

【小題4】In the eyes of the author, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Carnivorous plants cannot grow in acid soil.

B．Carnivorous plants can grow in nutrient-poor soil.

C．Carnivorous plants will die if they cannot catch any insects

D．Carnivorous plants can get nitrogen from nutrient-rich soil.

What will power your house in the future? Nuclear, wind, or solar power? According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US, it might be leaves –but artificial ones.
Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy. It is known as photosynthesis (光合作用). Now researchers have found a way to imitate this seemingly simple process.
The artificial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a special silicon chip (硅片) with catalysts (催化劑). Similar to natural leaves, it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell (電池), which uses those two materials to produce electricity, located either on top of a house or beside the house.
Though the leaf is only about the shape of a poker card, scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries. “One can imagine villages in India and Africa not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology,” said Docera at a conference of the American Chemical Society.
An artificial leaf is not a new idea. The first artificial leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and unstable for practical use. The new leaf, by contrast, is made of cheap materials, easy to use and highly stable. In laboratory studies, Nocera showed that an artificial leaf prorotype (原型) could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.
The wonderful improvements come from Nocera’s recent discovery of several powerful new, inexpensive catalysts. These catalysts make the energy transformation (轉(zhuǎn)換) inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight. Right now, the new leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one. Besides, the device can run in whatever water is available; that is, it doesn’t need pure water. This is important for some countries that don’t have access to pure water.
With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “giving energy to the poor”, scientists believe that the new application could be widely used in developing countries, especially in India and rural China.
【小題1】Which of the following order correctly shows how the artificial leaf is used to produce electricity?
a. artificial leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygen
b. the hydrogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cell
c. the artificial leaves are put in water
d. the fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity

A．cbad

B．cabd

C．bcad

D．cadb

【小題2】Which of the following statements about new artificial leaves is TRUE according to the article?

A．They are inexpensive but unstable.

B．They are as efficient at carrying out photosynthesis as natural leaves.

C．They can work only in pure water.

D．They need several catalysts to help them work efficiently.

【小題3】The aim of the scientists at MIT in developing the new artificial leaves is to         .

A．build-up more power stations in the world

B．provide cheaper energy for developing countries

C．offer people in developing countries access to pure water

D．gain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process

【小題4】What is the main point of the article?

A．Introduction to the history of artificial leaves.

B．An invention copying photosynthesis.

C．Giving energy to the poor.

D．A mixture of water power and solar energy.

People have been growing chrysanthemums（菊花）for more than 2,000 years. Mums make bright and colorful gardens. People in China and other Asian cultures make tea with the flowers.
One basic kind of mum is the garden mum. The other basic kind is the florist mum. The garden mum is better able to handle different growing conditions.
There are many varieties of mums. The decorative mum is often seen in gardens. Another popular type, the quill mum, has long, straight petals（花瓣）like a tube or needle.
Chrysanthemum blooms can be white, yellow, gold, red or other colors. The plants often grow one meter high.
The soil for chrysanthemums should be kept moist but well drained so it does not get too wet.
Newly-planted mums should be watered two or three times a week, depending on conditions. Plants established in the ground may do well just with normal rainfall.
Mums grow best in full sunshine. They produce colorful blooms when days get shorter and nights get longer. The life cycle of the plant depends on the amount of daylight. This is why experts advise against placing mums near night lights or street lights. The light may interfere with their normal growth cycle. The plants may develop buds too soon.
In climates where temperatures fall below freezing, plant mums at least six weeks before the first frost. That way, the plants will be well established for cold weather.
Some gardeners say the most beautiful presentation comes from planting mums close together. But be sure to leave enough space to let air flow between the plants. If not, there may be a greater chance of disease.
To get more blooms, gardeners pinch（掐）back the branches when new growth has reached fifteen centimeters. Squeeze about five to seven centimeters off each branch. Pinch it again when a branch grows another twelve to fifteen centimeters. Stop the pinching about one hundred days before you want the plants to bloom.
【小題1】 What has a great effect on the life cycle of the mum?

A．The conditions of the soil.	B．The amount of daylight.
C．The amount of rainfall.	D．Cold weather.

【小題2】Why do gardeners pinch back the branches when new growth reaches certain length?

A．To make mums grow thick.	B．To get more blooms.
C．To prevent mums from falling ill.	D．To let air flow between the plants.

【小題3】 Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Growing mums has a very long history and all the people in the world like making tea with mums.

B．Mums can grow one meter high and the closer they are planted, the higher they grow.

C．Though planting mums close together can make them look more beautiful, enough space should be left.

D．The petals of mums are long and straight and the more water mums get, the more quickly they grow.

Scientists are worried that an asteroid(小行星) will possibly hit the earth in 2036. If scientists are right, planet earth is 24 years away from a major disaster.
Scientists have been monitoring the progress of a 390-metre-wide asteroid ever since it was discovered last June. They have announced that it could hit the earth, causing huge damage, in 2036.
NASA estimates that the impact from the asteroid named after Apophis and ancient Egyptian demon(魔鬼) would release more than 100,000 times the energy released in the nuclear explosion over Hiroshima. Thousands of square kilometers would be directly affected by the explosion. The whole planet would see the effects of the dust released into the atmosphere.
This is the worst possible scenario(情景) of any asteroid in recorded history.
Having more than 20 years’ warning of possible impact might seem plenty of time. But scientists insist that there is actually very little time left to decide.
Luckily, however, they aren’t short on ideas for deflecting the asteroid. The favored method is also probably the easiest—throwing a spacecraft at the asteroid to change its direction. The European Space Agency plans to test this in the next decade.
One idea that seems to have no support from astronomers is the use of explosive, although this sounds more likely to the public or Hollywood producer.
At present, scientists are trying to make a better estimate of how much time we have, through more observations.
In spring of next year, there will be another chance for radar observation of Apophis. This will help astronomers calculate the orbits of the asteroid more accurately.
If, at that stage, they can’t rule out an impact with the earth in 2036, the next chance to make better observations will not be until 2016, then 2029.
“If we wait until 2029 and the worst—case scenario turns out to be true, it would seem unlikely that we’d be able to do anything about 2036,” warns Prof Fitzsimmons.
【小題1】What does the underlined word “deflecting” most probably mean?

A．making it smaller.

B．observing it clearly enough.

C．dividing into pieces.

D．changing its direction.

【小題2】According to the scientists’ observation, _______.

A．the asteroid named Apophis will explode in 2036.

B．the asteroid named Apophis might hit the earth in 2036.

C．the asteroid named Apophis is 24 years old.

D．there is plenty of time to decide the way we deal with the asteroid.

【小題3】What is the impact from Apophis if it hits the earth?

A．It will damage Hiroshima.

B．Thousands of square kilometers would see the effects of the dust released into the atmosphere.

C．It might be the worst damage caused by asteroids in recorded history.

D．The whole planet would be directly affected by the explosion.

【小題4】It can be inferred from the text that _____.

A．Hollywood producers will explode Apophis to avoid its hit.

B．There are only two chances for scientists to make better observations if they can’t grasp the chance next year.

C．NASA plans to throw a spacecraft at Apophis to change its direction.

D．It is supportive from astronauts that we explode the Apophis.

How can you hear your friends’ voices when they are far away and you can’t make a long—distance call? Besides the web camera system with your computer, we have a new high-tech way to solve the problem and ease your pain of missing them.
The Japanese company Combiwith created a system—“talking picture”. It makes people in pictures speak!
The “talking picture” has a special pen. It is actually a pen-shaped scanner. It can scan information in special—made pictures. A connected player will then play the information out loud.
First, you need to take a picture and record what you want to say with the company. The company will then make special barcodes(條形碼) onto your picture(you can’t see those codes). Those codes are your voice and your words. When you hold up the pen to scan your picture with barcodes, a player connected to the pen will start to play. It plays things you’ve recorded. That way the invention makes the “you” in the picture speak!
Do you want your friends and families talking out of pictures? Have them make pictures like that, and you can hear them whenever you want, only with the “talking picture” system. The system can play messages for up to 12 minutes.
“The pictures would be useful for those who hope to hear the voice of someone living far away,” said Mayumi Fuji, a spokeswoman for the company. “Grandparents, for example, longing to know about their grandchildren, would be happy to hear their voice when they see the picture,” Fuji said.
But it is troublesome to go to the company for taking a special picture first. And, it is much more expensive than using a telephone. The photo with barcodes costs between 17,040 and 17,990 yen(日元)(160 and 169 dollars). The larger picture you want, the more you pay.
Now, just raise a finger, lonely people can have their loved ones speak out of pictures. But, whether the “talking picture” is practical or not, let’s wait and see.
【小題1】What does “talking pictures” mean according to this article?

A．The picture can play what’s been recorded as if the person in the picture “talks”.

B．You can have a talk with the person in the picture whenever you want to.

C．The picture can tell you wonderful stories to ease your pain.

D．The picture can tell what’s on your mind when you are looking at it.

【小題2】If you want to make a talking picture, you need to ________.

A．take a picture and record what you want to say with the company

B．make special barcodes onto your picture

C．a(chǎn) pen—shaped scanner to go with the picture

D．All of the above

【小題3】Which of the following is NOT true accordingly?

A．The talking picture system can play messages for 12 minutes at most.

B．It will cost you more to take a larger talking picture.

C．It might take a lot of trouble to make a talking picture.

D．You can make a talking picture by just raising a finger.

【小題4】What is the attitude of the author?

A．Optimistic.

B．Uncertain.

C．Positive.

D．Pessimistic.

Creativity(創(chuàng)造性)is the key to a brighter future, say education and business experts. Here is how schools and parents can encourage this important skill in children.
　     If Dick Drew had listened to his boss in 1925, we might not have a product that we now think of as very important: a new type of tape. Drew worked for the Minnesota Mining Company. At work he developed a kind of material strong enough to hold things together. But his boss told him not to think more about the idea. Finally, using his own time, Drew improved the tape, which now is used everywhere by many people. And his former company learned from its mistake. Now it encourages people to spend 15 percent of their work time just thinking and developing new ideas.
　     Creativity is not something one is just born with, nor is it necessarily an indicator of high intelligence. Just that a person is highly intelligent does not mean that he uses it creatively. Creativity is the matter of using the resources one has to produce new ideas that are good for something.
　     Unfortunately, schools have not tried to encourage creativity. With strong attention paid to test results and the development of reading, writing and mathematical skills, many educators give up creativity for correct answers. The result is that children can give back information but can’t recognize ways to use it in new situations. They may know the rules correctly, but they are unable to use them to work out practical problems.
　     It is important to give children choices. From an early age, children should be allowed to make decisions and understand their results. Even if it’s choosing between two food items for lunch, decision-making helps thinking skills. As children grow older, parents should let their children decide how to use their time or spend their money, but not help them too much if they make the wrong decision. The child may have a hard time, but that is all right. This is because the most important characteristic of creative people is a very strong desire to find a way out of trouble.
【小題1】What did the company where Dick Drew worked learn from its mistake?

A．They encouraged people to work longer.

B．They discouraged people to think freely.

C．They asked people to spend all their work time developing new ideas.

D．They encouraged people to spend some of their work time considering and

improving new ideas.
【小題2】Creativity is something ______.

A．that people are born with

B．that depends on intelligence

C．that is a way of using what one has learnt to work out new problems

D．that is not important

【小題3】Why don’t schools try to encourage creativity?

A．They don’t understand the importance of education.

B．They don’t want their students to make mistakes.

C．They pay too much attention to examination marks and language skills.

D．They think it more important to remember information.

【小題4】What should the parents do when their children decide how to spend their money?

A．Try to help them as much as possible.

B．Take no notice of whatever they do.

C．Help them if their decision is wrong, but not too much.

D．Leave them as they are.

Flying over a desert in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes．After an hour’s flight, one of the scientists wrote in his notebook, "Look here for probable metal." Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported, "This ground should be searched for metals." From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word "Uranium".
None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no magic powers for looking down below the earth’s surface．They were merely putting to use one of the newest methods of locating minerals in the ground -- using trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie under the ground on which the trees and plants are growing.
This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may affect the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface.
At Watson Bar Creek, a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds．Boxes were filled with small branches from the trees．Roots were dug and put into boxes．Each bag and box was carefully marked．In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested．Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it.
Study of the roots, branches and seeds showed no silver．But there were small amounts of gold in the roots and a little less gold in the branches and seeds．The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches.
If the trees indicated that there was no gold in the ground, the scientists wouldn’t spare money to pay for digging into the ground.
【小題1】Scientists were flying over a desert or a hilly wasteland or a mountain region to _____.

A．train their eyes	B．study the trees
C．look for gold	D．search for minerals

【小題2】The study of trees, branches and roots indicated that ______.

A．there were larger amounts of gold in the branches far from the tree trunk than in the seeds

B．there were smaller amounts of gold in the tree roots deep in the ground than in the branches

C．there were larger amounts of gold in the seeds growing closer to the tree trunk than in the seeds farther from it

D．there were larger amounts of gold in the branches than in the leaves on the ends of the branches

【小題3】Which of the following is NOT mentioned as part of a tree that can help the searchers?

A．leaves

B．roots

C．branches

D．seeds

【小題4】Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?

A．Scientists searching for treasure with special equipment.

B．New methods of doing geological study.

C．Gold could be found in trees and plants.

D．A new method of searching for minerals.

You are here: Experts > Science > Science/Nature for Kids > Science for Kids > Life Science for teens<>

Expert: Science Adviser - <>3/21/2011

QUESTION: Dear Marie, Do you have some good suggestions of biology: plant, animal, human science experiments that would work well with teenagers? Scientific methods must go with the experiments. Thanks! < Donna ANSWER: Dear Donna, Marie is not online and I’ll help you instead of him. There are a lot of little things that can be done, but do you mean lab experiment or statistical analysis, etc.? Let us know what can be suitable for you teens, and we will do our best to send you some experiments to do. Best， Gloria

Expert: Science Adviser - 3/23/2011

QUESTION: Dear Gloria, I need lab experiments. The teenage students and I will use data from these experiments to make charts, graphs, tables, etc. and to provide claims and evidence to explain more about the results. Thank you very much. Donna ANSWER: Hi there, Your best and easiest way is to do some chemistry experiments. Those are very easy and most probably you can do it in the lab and have charts, etc. for you. I do not have any particular one at the top of my head because I do cancer research and it is a bit more difficult than research for teenagers. I think you can look through these and see if you find something useful for you. http://www.siraze.net/chemistry/sezennur/experiments.htm If not, get back to me and Marie, and we’ll look more. The good thing about this site is that it has the procedures that you can follow. Good luck， Gloria

【小題1】How many Science Advisers are there working for this website?

A．Only one.

B．At least two.

C．About three.

D．Over five.

【小題2】According to Donna, she and the teenage students need ___________.

A．experiments in the lab	B．statistical analysis
C．chemistry experiments	D．charts and evidence

【小題3】Who is this text for?

A．Teenagers.

B．Teachers.

C．Parents.

D．Experts.

【小題4】According to Gloria, Donna and the teenage students should __________.

A．turn to others for help	B．do cancer researches
C．look through a website	D．tell who will be helped