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Love and Friendship
They are both so much related to each other. And both are so dissimilar! What are the differences between friendship and love? Is platonic(柏拉圖式的) friendship possible between persons of the opposite sex? ___【小題1】____
What is friendship? Why do we call a person our friend? When do we call someone a very good friend? If we care for a person, if we are always ready to help that person and if we share most of our thoughts with a person, they are our good friends. We can always count upon our good friends in an emergency. We are always sure that our friends will understand why we acted in a certain way. ___【小題2】 ___ The friendship is so deep and the relationship is so intimate, that most of the things are automatically understood by our friends.
__【小題3】____ In a relationship of deep love, all the sharing that we discussed above is taken for granted. But love transcends(超出) all this. During love, we are attached with a particular person, while in friendship, one may have many friends. A loving relationship makes one so much attached to the other that one gets pained if his/her beloved is hurt! Love also involves a physical element. ____【小題4】____ This is a vital difference. Nature gives us love so that the species can go forward. Nature does not give us friendship.
Your heart beats will never increase in anticipation of meeting your friend. ___【小題5】_____ You will not feel totally lost, if you don’t meet your friend for a few days. You will not have dreams in your eyes thinking about your friend. But in love, you will do all this and much more. Indeed, there is no comparison between love and friendship.

A．What about love?

B．My answer is “Yes”.

C．Let us try and understand.

D．Friendship does not have that.

E.We need not explain anything to our very good friends.
F.You will not lie awake at night thinking about your friend.
G.The physical element may include hand in hand while walking.

Flowers only bloom(開(kāi)花) when they are planted in the right soil. That is also true for me.
I first moved to Foxboro, Massachusetts, as a single mother with my baby daughter, Darcy. I was drawn to its New England beauty, friendly people and rich history. It happened that there were a lot of forsythia(連翹) bushes around the house in which I lived just like my childhood home. I joined St. Mark’s Episcopal Church where I taught the Sunday school. At church, I met my second husband, Dean. For more than 25 years, I bloomed in Foxboro, and I had another two children.
Then, when Darcy was a few years out of college, she moved to Alameda, California, to be near friends. I missed her badly. A year later my beloved husband Dean had deadly cancer. He only made it eight months. My heart was broken. Later I moved to Alameda with my children. It was a beautiful Victorian island, and I was grateful to spend more time with Darcy. I even attended a church and made a few friends there. Still, I couldn’t help but miss Foxboro. It had everything and everyone I loved.
One spring day, when I was walking by a school, something yellow caught my eyes. Forsythia bushes! They made me homesick and I kept back my tears. “I miss you, Foxboro,” I whispered. Then I went into a shop and looked at some ceramic(陶瓷的) pots lined up on a shelf. A large white one seemed to catch my attention. “That’ll be perfect in my living room,” I thought.
I turned it over to look at the price. Instead I found these words: “New England Pottery, Foxboro, Massachusetts.” A piece of artwork, from my second hometown, was right here. It was able to spread across the country and so were forsythia bushes. I took it as a sign that I can bloom, right where I am.
【小題1】From the text we learn that the author ____.

A．gave birth to three children in Foxboro

B．planted forsythia bushes around her house

C．got to know her second husband at church

D．worked as a middle school teacher in Foxboro

【小題2】The author moved to Alameda so that she could ____.

A．have more time together with Darcy

B．forget the sorrow at her husband’s death

C．visit her children at Alameda College frequently

D．enjoy the beautiful scenery on the Victorian island

【小題3】When the author saw forsythia bushes at a school she _____.

A．wanted to buy a ceramic pot to put them in

B．thought of her life in Foxboro

C．felt they would look great in her living room

D．believed they were real art work

【小題4】Why does the author compare herself to flowers?

A．Because she wanted to show she likes flowers.

B．Because she can live in any place that is right like flowers.

C．Because she moved across the country just like flowers.

D．Because girls are like flowers that are blooming.

Many years ago, I pulled a family out of a burning car somewhere in Wyoming. Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide. In closing she called me a hero.
That got me thinking about what a hero is. Was I a hero because I pulled a family from a burning car? If so, how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someone’s life?
Today I looked up the word “hero” in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant. It read “a person who does something brave” and also “a person who is good and noble”.
That statement impressed me more than the part about being brave. So I thought about something very important. And I remembered what happened to me years ago.
After my marriage of twenty years ended, I was in such a condition. I was within hours trying to get up enough courage to end the pain and misery. When I returned home, someone had sent me a card in the mail which told me how much they would appreciate me as a friend. That wonderful card probably saved my life. That person, without even knowing it, saved a life and became a hero.
The many stories I kept writing in the following years saved the life of a teenage boy. In turn that makes the person who sent me the card a double hero. I suppose that is why I fight so hard to help the children now living in orphanages (孤兒院). Most children come out of these institutions with a very hard and bitter attitude against the world. The gifts we send them let them know that they have not been forgotten. Hopefully, most of them will never hurt anyone because of the kindness shown to them by those of us who cared. If it works, we will also become "heroes".
【小題1】The main idea of the passage is _______________.

A．why the writer should be a hero	B．that everyone is a hero
C．whether the writer is a hero	D．what a hero exactly is

【小題2】Why did the woman call the writer a hero at the end of the call?

A．Because he asked her son not to kill himself.

B．Because he saved a family from a burning car.

C．Because his story saved her son’s life.

D．Because he was cute and kind to everybody.

【小題3】What does the underlined word “it” in the last sentence of Paragraph 5 refer to?

A．The fact that the sender helped the writer.

B．The action of sending the card.

C．The wonderful card the writer received.

D．The fact that the sender was a friend of the writer.

【小題4】According to the writer, who can be considered as a hero?

A．A person who is brave.

B．A person who helps someone in trouble.

C．A person who can hold a door for others.

D．A person who writes wonderful stories.

People have been talking about health for a long time because people know the importance of it. People's understanding of health also becomes deeper with the progress in scientific research. Recently the term "health" has come to have a wider meaning than it used to. It no longer means just the absence of illness. Today, health means the well-being of your body, your mind and your relationship with other people. This new concept of health is closely related to another term-quality of life. Quality of life is the degree of overall satisfaction that a person gets from life.
　　Why has the emphasis of health shifted from the absence of disease to a broader focus on the quality of a person's life? One reason for this has to do with the length and conditions of life that people can now expect. Medical advances have made it possible for people today to live longer, healthier lives. Imagine for a moment that you were born in the year 1900. You could have expected on average to live until about the age of 47. In contrast, if you were born in the year 1999, you could expect to live to the age of 75.
【小題1】________ leads to people's deeper understanding of health.

A．Common knowledge

B．Progress in scientific research

C．Better conditions of living

D．Quality of life

【小題2】The emphasis of health has shifted nowadays because _________.

A．people enjoy better conditions of living and they can live longer

B．people pay more attention to their physical health, not their mental health

C．people have realized the importance of mental well-being

D．people are inspired by medical advances

【小題3】We can infer from the passage __________.

A．nowadays the emphasis of health has a broader focus because of improvements in the quality of food

B．the overall quality of people's lives improved greatly in the 20th century

C．those who never fall ill are the truly healthy people

D．those who were born before 1900 could not have lived until now

【小題4】This passage is mainly about __________.

A．different understandings of the term "health"

B．improving the quality of life

C．the importance of quality living

D．people's expectations of a long and healthy life

“To be or not to be.” Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world. They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but also for every thinking man and woman. To be or not to be, to live or not to live, to live richly and abundantly, or to live dully and meanly. A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally. He answered it by saying: “I think, therefore I am.”
　　But the best definition of existence I ever saw was one written by another philosopher who said: “To be is to be in relations.” If this is true, then the more relations a living thing has, the more it is alive. To live abundantly means simply to increase the range and intensity(強(qiáng)烈) of our relations. Unfortunately we are so constituted that we get to love our routine. But other than our regular occupation, how much are we alive? If you are interested only in your regular occupation, you are alive only to that extent. So far as other things are concerned --- poetry and prose(散文), music, pictures, sports, unselfish friendships, politics, international affairs ---you are dead.
On the contrary, it is true that every time you acquire a new interest --- even more, a new accomplishment(成就) --- you increase your power of life. No one who is deeply interested in different kinds of subjects can remain unhappy. The real pessimist is the person who has lost interest.
　　Bacon said that a man dies as often as he loses a friend. But we gain new life by contacts with new friends, and new ideas and thoughts, too. Where your thoughts are, there will be your life too. If your thoughts are limited only to your business, only to your physical welfare, only to your narrow circle of the town in which you live, then you live a narrow restricted(有限的, 受約束的) life. But if you are interested in what is going on in China, then you are living in China. If you’re interested in the characters of a good novel, then you are living with those highly interesting people. If you listen intently to fine music, you are away from your immediate surroundings and living in a world of passion and imagination.
To be or not to be --- to live intensely and richly, or merely to exist, which depends on ourselves. Let us widen and intensify our relations. While we live, let us live!
【小題1】What does the author mainly want to do by this passage?

A．Argue against an idea.

B．Explain some famous sayings.

C．Introduce some famous sayings.

D．Put forward an idea.

【小題2】What does the underlined word most probably mean?

A．Somebody who always lives in a world of passion and imagination.

B．Somebody who is always interested in making new friends.

C．Somebody who always expects the worst to happen.

D．Somebody who likes to live a rich and abundant life.

【小題3】Which of the following behavior is probably NOT encouraged by the author?

A．Thinking more than your own business.

B．Caring only about your physical welfare.

C．Reading good novels.

D．Listening to fine music.

【小題4】What is the main idea of the passage?

A．To be is to be in relations.

B．I think, therefore I am.

C．To be or not to be, that is a question.

D．A man dies as often as he loses a friend.

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up(分開(kāi)) with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim, as a friend, really feel good about it?” “And was Paul friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, these thoughts can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it is too late.
Why do we go wrong with our friends, or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meanings. And if we do not really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. When someone tells you, “You’re a lucky dog!” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You’re a lucky guy!” That is being friendly. But “a lucky dog”? There is a bit of envy (嫉妒) in those words. What he may be saying is that he does not think you deserve (應(yīng)得) your luck.
“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another phrase（短語(yǔ)） that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem. But this phrase contains the thought that your problem is not at all important.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Is what he says shown by the tone of voice?  The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save your another mistake.
【小題1】When the writer thinks of some of the things that happened between him and his friends, he          .

A．feels happy, thinking how nice his friends are to him

B．feels he might not have understood his friend’s true feelings

C．thinks it a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend

D．is sorry that his friends let him down

【小題2】When the writer talks about the saying, “You’re a lucky dog!”, he is saying that          .

A．the speaker is just friendly

B．this sentence suggests the same as “You’re a lucky guy!”

C．the word “dog” should not be used to apply to（運(yùn)用到） people.

D．sometimes the words show that the speaker is a bit envious.

【小題3】This passage tries to tell you how to          .

A．a(chǎn)void mistakes about money and friends

B．get an idea of friendly people

C．a(chǎn)void mistakes in understanding what people tell you

D．keep people friendly without trusting them

【小題4】The writer suggests that           should be trusted.

A．everybody

B．nobody

C．a(chǎn)ll the people

D．not all the people

People who have lost the ability to understand or use words due to brain damage are called aphasics(失語(yǔ)癥患者). Such patients can be extremely good at something else. From the changing expressions on speakers' faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies from truths.
Doctors studying the human brain have given a number of examples of this amazing power of aphasics. Some have even compared this power to that of a dog with an ability to find out the drugs hidden in the baggage.
Recently, scientists carried out tests to see if all that was said about aphasics was true. They studied a mixed group of people. Some were normal; others were aphasics. It was proved that the aphasics were far ahead of the normal people in recognizing false speeches -- in most cases, the normal people were fooled by words, but the aphasics were not.
Some years ago, Dr. Oliver Sacks wrote in his book about his experiences with aphasics. He mentioned a particular case in a hospital. Some aphasics were watching the president giving a speech on TV. Since the president had been an actor earlier, making a good speech was no problem for him. He was trying to put his feelings into every word of his speech.
But his way of speaking had the opposite effect on the patients. They didn't seem to believe him. Instead, they burst into laughter. The aphasics knew that the president did not mean a word of what he was saying. He was lying!
Many doctors see aphasics as people who are not completely normal because they lack the ability to understand words. However, according to Dr. Sacks, they are more gifted than normal people. Normal people may get carried away by words. Aphasics seem to understand human expressions better, though they cannot understand words.
【小題1】What is so surprising about aphasics?

A．They can fool other people.	B．They can find out the hidden drags.
C．They can tell whether people are lying.	D．They can understand language better.

【小題2】How did the scientists study aphasics?

A．By asking them to watch TV together.

B．By comparing them with normal people.

C．By giving them chances to speak on TV.

D．By organizing them into acting groups.

【小題3】What do we learn from this text?

A．What one says reflects how one feels.

B．Aphasics have richer feelings than others.

C．Normal people often tell lies in their speeches.

D．People poor at one thing can be good at another.

We do some strange things when we don’t like the way our life is going．Too often we blame(責(zé)怪)someone else．‘‘I wish my parents were more understanding．”
“I have such a bad Chemistry teacher!”
“My friends are so boring and self-centered．They make my life worse and worse．’’
Blame! Blame! Blame!
It seems natural to sing this self-pitying song，but the truth is，if you don’t like your life，you should do something about it．No one else knows exactly how you feel or what you need．No one can read your mind correctly．You are the only one with the power to cheek your life，and if you want it to be different，you can change what you’re doing．
When you’re in trouble，don’t give away your power to decide how you feel about yourself. Choose how you want to think and act．Other people can’t make you unhappy or angry．They only act in their own way and then it’s up to you to decide how you will respond(回應(yīng))．For example，your friends go out to lunch without you and you feel very angry．How are you going to act? You may blame your friends，“They are not kind．Who needs them anyway?” Or you may tell your friends how you feel，listen to their explanation，and let them know you’d like to be invited next time．
When you decide everything in your own way，you’re getting hold of your own life and shaping(塑造)it according to your tastes and feelings．You can choose to be happy，to make friends and to build an interesting life．When you blame others for what is or isn’t happening in your life，you have stopped growing or learning．
One of the most important rules is that you can never change another person by your direct action．The only person you have the right to change is yourself．Once you change，the other person has something different to respond to and change is possible．If you want change in your life，begin with yourself．
【小題1】What should we do if we don’t like our life?

A．Change what we’re doing．	B．Read our minds correctly．
C．Sing that self-pitying song．	D．Tell others what we want．

【小題2】If the writer’s friends have dinner together without him，he may _________.

A．a(chǎn)sk somebody else to talk to them

B．do the same thing to them in return

C．talk to them and try to find out why

D．forget it and be still friendly with them

【小題3】What’s the writer’s idea about how to change others?

A．He thinks it’s impossible to change others．

B．He believes our love can change everything．

C．He chooses to talk with others directly．

D．He prefers to change ourselves first instead．

【小題4】At the beginning of the passage three examples are given __________.

A．to support the idea that people often blame others

B．to suggest that there are various problems in people’s life

C．to show that not all chemistry teachers are fit for their job

D．to explain the reason why some people’s life is worse and worse

【小題5】What’s the best title of the passage?

A．Blame! Blame! Blame!	B．Who Controls My Life?
C．Change! Change! Change!	D．What Makes Me Unhappy?

Recently, one of my best friends, whom I've shared just about everything with since the first day of kindergarten, spent the weekend with me. Since I moved to a new town several years ago，we've both always looked forward to the few times a year when we can see each other.
Over the weekend, we spent hours and hours, staying up late into the night, talking about the people she was hanging around with. She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he experimented with drugs and was into other self­destructive（自我毀滅的） behavior. I was blown away! She told me how she had been lying to her parents about where she was going and even stealing out to see this guy because they didn't want her around him. No matter how hard I tried to tell her that she deserved better, she didn't believe me. Her self­respect seemed to have disappeared.
I tried to convince her that she was ruining her future and heading for big trouble. I felt like I was getting nowhere. I just couldn't believe that she really  thought it was acceptable to hang out with a group of losers, especially her boyfriend.
By the time she left，I was really worried about her and exhausted by the experience. It had been so frustrating，I had come close to telling her several times during the weekend that maybe we had just grown too far apart to continue our friendship, but I didn't. I put the power of friendship to the final test. We'd been friends for far too long. I had to hope that she valued me enough to know that I was trying to save her from hurting herself. I wanted to believe that our friendship could conquer anything.
A few days later, she called to say that she had thought long and hard about our conversation, and then she told me that she had broken up with her boyfriend. I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joy running down my face. It was one of the truly rewarding moments in my life. Never had I been so proud of a friend.
【小題1】In the writer's opinion，her friend ________.

A．was a girl with no self­respect

B．could find a better boyfriend

C．was brave enough to stick to her own choice

D．didn't value the writer's suggestion

【小題2】What did the writer worry about?

A．She would lose the friendship with her.

B．Her friend's parents would be worried about their daughter.

C．Her friend would get into great trouble with the boy.

D．Her friend's boyfriend would be in great trouble.

【小題3】We may learn from Paragraph 3 that the writer________.

A．didn't want to go anywhere else

B．understood her friend's hanging with her boyfriend

C．couldn't believe that her friend's choice was acceptable

D．doubted that she could in any way help her friend

【小題4】What can be concluded from the passage?

A．Friendship starting from childhood is not reliable.

B．Friendship is a cure for any injury in life.

C．Friendship should be everlasting once begun.

D．Friendship can have magical power in life.

I am a good mother to three children. I have tried never to let my profession stand in the way of being a good parent.
I no longer consider myself the center of the universe. I show up. I listen. I try to laugh. I am a good friend to my husband. I have tried to make marriage vows(誓約) mean what they say. I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me. Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.
So here's what I wanted to tell you today: Get a life. A real life, not a desire of the next promotion(提升), the bigger paycheck, the larger house.
Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love, and who love you. And remember that love is not leisure(空閑), it is work. Pick up the phone. Send an e-mail. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking it for granted.
It is so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, our minutes. It is so easy to exist instead of to live. I learned to live many years ago. Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it is what, today, seems to be the hardest lesson of all.
I learned to love the journey, not the destination. I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally. And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned. By telling them this: Read in the backyard with the sun on your face. Learn to be happy. And think of life as a deadly illness, because if you do, you will live it with joy and passion as it ought to be lived.
【小題1】The best title of this passage probably is________.

A．Love your friends	B．Live a real life
C．Don't waste time	D．Be a good mother and wife

【小題2】The underlined sentence "It is so easy to exist instead of to live" in the fifth paragraph probably has the same meaning as________.

A．it is so easy to keep alive but not to live a real life

B．it is very hard to live a real life

C．it is so easy to make a living

D．it is more difficult to exist than to live a happy life

【小題3】What's the author's attitude toward work?

A．Do it well to serve others.

B．To earn enough money to make life better.

C．Try your best to get higher position and pay.

D．Don't let it affect your real life.

【小題4】It can be inferred from the passage that_________.

A．the author is a success in personal life

B．the author didn't try her best to work well

C．the author spent all her time caring for her children

D．the author likes traveling very much