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科目： 來源：上海高考真題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀短文，從A-F中選出正確答案。
A. Causes of dental fluorosis
B. Negative effects of fluoride
C. Safe use of fluoride
D. The expert's background information
E. No need to worry about fluoride poisoning
F. Solutions to improper use of fluoride
    I have heard that fluoride can help stop dental decay, but I recently read that it is poisonous. Which of these
is true? How can children use fluoride safely? 
     1.______
     This question is answered by Dr Marcia M. Rich who practises general dentistry in Newholt. She is also a
lecturer at the University and a writer for the monthly magazine Your Dentist Cares. 
     2.______ 
     My answer to the first question is to stress that fluoride works well and is safe when users follow
instructions. Young children have a tendency to swallow toothpaste, which is why they should only have a tiny
amount of fluoride toothpaste on their toothbrush. If this simple measure is taken, parents can be confident that
children will be protected against tooth decay, and come to no harm. 
     3.______
     Almost all medicines can have an adverse effect-or even be deadly-if they are not taken as directed. So you
are right-fluoride can be poisonous if it is swallowed in very large quantities. It is for this reason that fluoride
supplements can only be obtained on prescription from a doctor or a dentist. Please be assured that fluoride
overdoses are rare-in fact, I have never heard of any fatal incidents related to fluoride poisoning. 
     4.______
     Scientific studies have shown that fluoride can help to prevent cavities as long as it is used correctly. If
fluoride is abused, there is a risk of illness or even death in extreme cases. If a deadly amount of fluoride is
taken, immediate first-aid could save a life. A person who has swallowed a large amount of fluoride will probably
start vomiting. lf not, the patient should be given milk or antacid and taken to the nearest hospital for emergency
treatment. 
     5.______
     Taking too much fluoride while teeth are growing can lead to a condition called dental fluorosis. The most
likely cause is the swallowing of fluoride toothpastes by young children. It can also be caused by the
inappropriate use of fluoride drops or other fluoride supplements, for example when fluoride is already present
in drinking water.

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科目： 來源：模擬題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This
kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for
years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
     The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and
does not require any special, attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular
situation, for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind
of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for
more than a year.
     The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic (長期的) loneliness usually
lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems
socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or
nothing they can do to improve their condition.
     Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e. g., friends, family
members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give
us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and
activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they
sometimes feel they should have more. They question their own popularity.
     Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and
unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease.
While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very
sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
1. How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?
A. Talk to friends.
B. Just ignore it.
C. Go to see a doctor.
D. Ask your teachers for guidance.
2. The topic of the 4th paragraph is that _____.
A. one problem of loneliness is a person's social contacts
B. we depend on various people for different reason
C. lonely people don't have many social problems
D. lonely people don't have many friends
3. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?
A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problems.
B. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness.
C. Chronic loneliness can not be overcome.
D. A, B and C are all correct.
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Three Kinds of Loneliness
B. Loneliness and Diseases
C. Loneliness and Social Contacts
D. Chronic Loneliness

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科目： 來源：福建省期中題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     We've all seen them: perfectly toned famous people on late-night television telling us that we too can
develop rock-hard abdominal muscles(腹肌). It's easy! Just pay $149.99 for the Torso Track or $149.75 for the Ad-Doer and watch those unwanted inches leave your waist. Americans spend tens of millions of
dollars on various products to firm up their fat around the waist. And did they work? Not necessarily.
Independent studies have concluded that most of these products ---- no matter who approved them or
how expensive they are ---- shape your midsection no better than old-fashioned stomach crunches(仰臥起坐). Some can even cause injury ---- like the $518.99 Body Shaper-Q8SP, which left electrical burns on some researchers at the University of Wisconsin, La Crosse. Others, like the popular Ab-Doer,
typically burn less energy than a gentle walk, according to a study to be published in September by the
American Council on Exercise.
     The fact is that many Americans don't have the biological makeup to develop an obvious abdominal
muscles. They are either unable to get the necessary muscle mass or they can't lose enough fat to make a
difference. Even if the underlying muscles are well developed, all it takes to hide it is one-sixteenth of an
inch of fat. That's enough to exclude most healthy women as well as plenty of guys who do crunches
every day.  
     So what works best? In its new study, the exercise experts researched on the results of the popular
Ab-Doer. A lengthy TV advertisement promises that just 10 minutes a day performing such movements
as "Body Boogies" and "Good Mornings" will "help form those muscles the fun and easy way without
diets." Steven Loy, professor at California State University, Northridge, tested the promise by measuring
the electrical activity produced by the abdominal muscles during three Ab-Doer movements. He and his
colleagues then compared the results with those produced during traditional exercises. They determined
that the muscles were no more active, and in some cases less so, when exercisers were using the Ab-Doer.
     Taking a broader approach, researchers at San Diego State University compared 13 abdominal
exercises for their ability to develop the central abdominal muscles. They concluded, in a report published
in May, that the most effective exercises kept turning the body and worked the muscles the entire time.
Among the winners: the bicycle movements ---- so called because it looks as if you are riding a bike
while lying flat on the floor ---- and exercises performed on the "Captain's Chair", a product typically
found in gyms that helps hold the body in the air while you raise your legs up toward your chest.
Researchers suggested that a varied routine of the different exercises could deliver the best results.    
1．Which of the following is the most effective in building abdominal muscles?
A．Torso Track.
B．Ab-Doer.    
C．Captain's Chair.    
D．Body Shaper-Q8SP.
2．According to the author, it's difficult for many Americans to get visible firm abdominal muscles mainly
because       .
A．they do not put in enough efforts
B．injuries interrupt their exercise frequently
C．they change their exercise routine regularly
D．how big their muscles will be is determined by birth
3．The author convinces the readers by      .
A．describing successful cases
B．offering professional suggestions
C．presenting findings of researches
D．comparing advertisements of products
4．What's the main purpose of this passage?
A．To research and develop in order to create the perfect stomach and exercise machine.
B．To promote proven exercise techniques and to advise against false advertisements.
C．To indicate that diet and exercises are necessary factors for a fit midsection.
D．To sponsor rich healthy lifestyle based on advanced product research.

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科目： 來源：福建省期中題 題型：填空題

短文填詞。
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)下列提示:
1)漢語提示,
2)首字母提示,
3)語境提示,
在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z單詞,并將該詞完整地寫在右邊相對(duì)應(yīng)的橫
線上.所填單詞要求意義準(zhǔn)確,拼寫正確.
HEALTH AND MEDICINE
What life will be _____ in the future is difficult to predict. It is, however,
p_____ to use models to make forecasts about future development. One          
way to catch a glimpse of the future _____ to examine the major trends in    
contemporary _______(社會(huì)). People in the future will be able to enjoy a      
longer and ________(健康) life and remain active even in old age. People      
are now _______ more attention to the importance of a healthy diet and        
life.They are careful about what they eat and exercise _______(有規(guī)律地).    
Advances in medical science also a_______ us to deal with new diseases        
such as SARS. Some diseases have already been successfully d________.        
W____a better understanding of the human body, scientists and physicians      
will be able to cure more diseases.                                          		 1 ______  
2. ______  
3. ______  
4. ______  
5. ______  
6. ______  
7. ______  
8. ______  
9. ______  
10. ______

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科目： 來源：江西省同步題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解
     The World Health Organization says obesity rates are rising in Pacific island countries.So, too, are
health problems linked to being overweight.
     The WHO says a major reason for the rising obesity rates is an increase in imported foods.It says many Pacific islanders have replaced their traditional diets of vegetables and fruits with imported processed
foods.
     Dr.Temu Waqanivalu is with the World Health Organization's South Pacific office in Suva, Fiji.He says many of the imported products lack nutritional value.
     Temu Waqanivalu said:"In some of the places, you'd be amazed to see how a bottle of Coke is cheaper than a bottle of water.I think that represents the kind of offenvironment we've created that doesn't really
encourage or make lifestyle choices an easy choice for the population."
     And a lack of physical activity among many Pacific islanders only adds to the obesity problem.
     The WHO says more than 50 percent of the population is overweight in at least ten Pacific island
countries.The rate is as high as 80 percent among women in the territory of American Samoa.Fiji had the
lowest obesity rate at 30 percent.
     In all, almost ten million people live in Pacific island countries.The WHO estimates that about 40
percent of them have health disorders related to diet and nutrition.
     Diabetes rates are among the highest in the world.Fortyseven percent of the people in American
Samoa have diabetes.So do 44 percent of the people in Tokelau, a territory of New Zealand.
     By comparison, the diabetes rate is 13 percent in the United States, a country that has its own
problems with rising obesity.
      Officials also note an increase in nutritional problems like anemia and not enough vitamin A in the diets of Pacific islanders.Dr.Waqanivalu says treating conditions related to obesity and diet puts pressure on
limited health resources and budgets.
1. The main reason why obesity rates are rising in many Pacific islanders is ________.
A. the change of society
B. the change of eating habits
C. the change of life style
D. lack of exercise
2. Imported products lack nutritional value but people love to buy them because ________.
A. they are cheap
B. they are popular
C. they are tasty
D. they are convenient to get
3. How many people living in Pacific island countries have health disorders?
A. 1 million.  
B. 4 million.
C. 6 million.  
D. 10 million.
4. The percentage of diabetes rates in American Samoa is ________.
A. optimistic  
B. steady
C. worrying  
D. low
5. If the passage appears in a newspaper, which column will it be?
A. Science.  
B. Nature.
C. Entertainment.  
D. Health.

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科目： 來源：江西省同步題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     Elderly adults who regularly drink green tea may stay more active and independent than their peers
over time,according to a Japanese study that covered thousands of people．
     Green tea contains antioxidant chemicals that may help ward off the cell damage that can lead to
disease．Researchers have been studying green tea's effect on everything from cholesterol(膽固醇)to
the risk of certain cancers,with mixed results so far．
      For the new Japanese study,researchers decided to examine the question of whether green tea
drinkers have a lower risk of frailty and disability as they grow older．
      Tomata and his colleagues followed nearly 14,000 adults aged 65 or older for three years．
      They found those who drank the most green tea were the least likely to develop "functional disability",
or problems with daily activities or basic needs,such as dressing or bathing．
      Specifically,almost 13 percent of adults who drank less than a cup of green tea per day became
functionally disabled,compared with just over 7 percent of people who drank at least five cups a day．
      The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people active as they grew older．
      Green-tea lovers generally had healthier diets,including more fish,vegetables and fruit,as well as more
education．lower smoking rates,fewer heart attacks and strokes,and greater mental sharpness．
      They also tended to be more socially active and have more friends and family to rely on．
      Although it's not clear how green tea might offer a buffer(緩沖劑)against disability,Tomata's team
did note that one recent study found green tea extracts(提煉物)seem to increase leg muscle strength
in older women．
     While green tea and its extracts are considered safe in small amounts,they do contain caffeine and
small amounts of vitamin K,which means it could block drugs that prevent blood thickened．
1．Which of the following can summarize the passage best?
A．Green tea makes you less active．    
B．Green tea makes you less disabled．
C．Green tea makes you more friendly．
D．Green tea makes you more educated．
2．The underlined word"ward off"in Paragraph 2 probably means      .
A．form    
B．a(chǎn)bsorb    
C．remove
D．prevent
3．Tomata and his colleagues wanted to      .
A．prove whether the Japanese study is correct
B．know if green tea drinkers are independent
C．help nearly 14,000 adults aged 65 or older    
D．study green tea's effect on cholesterol
4．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of green tea?
A．Reduce functional disability．    
B．Keep old people active．
C．Make more friends．
D．Suffer fewer heart attacks．
5．It can be inferred from the last paragraph      .
A．green tea is safe to drink    
B．green tea should be drunk properly
C．green tea is poisonous for old people
D．vitamin K is helpful to us

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科目： 來源：江西省同步題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解
     China_is_going_green. In order to reduce air pollution and oilshortages, automobile manufacturers have announced their plans to develop hybrid vehicles (混合燃料汽車) for the Chinese market. Toyota's
hybrid car Prius will be ready to drive in China this week. Let's have a look at the new car.
     Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. Hybrid cars run off a
rechargeable battery and gasoline. Hybrid cars have special engines, which are smaller than traditional
gasoline engines. They run at 99 percent of their power when the car is cruising (勻速行駛). A specially
designed battery motor provides extra power for running up hills or when extra acceleration is needed.
     Step into a Prius, and turn on the engine. The first thing you notice is how much quieter it is than a
traditional car. At this point, the car's gasoline engine is dormant (休眠). The electric motor will provide
power until the car reaches about 24 km/h. If you stay at a low speed, you are effectively driving an
electric car, with no gasoline being used, and no waste gas gives off.
     The onboard(車載的) computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine, when to go
electric, and when to use a combination of the two. If you go over 24 km/h, when you step on the gas
pedal (油門), you are actually telling the computer how fast you want to go.
     The electronic motor recharges automatically using a set of batteries. When driving at high speed, the
gasoline engine not only powers the car, but also charges the batteries. Any time you use the brake, the
electric motor in the wheels will work like a generator and produce electricity to recharge the batteries. As a consequence, the car's batteries will last for around 200,000 miles.
1. The author writes this passage mainly to________.
A. teach people how to drive a hybrid car
B. introduce a new kind of "green" car
C. show how to save their gasoline when driving a car
D. announce plans to develop hybrid vehicles for China
2. The first sentence probably refers to ________.
A. there will be more and more green land in China
B. China is still young and lacking experience
C. China's new cars are combinations of different green models
D. China has started producing environmentally friendly cars
3. Which of the followings is NOT true?
A. The hybrid cars reduce air pollution and oilshortages.
B. The car's gasoline engine doesn't work until it reaches about 24 km/h.
C. This kind of car is completely controlled by an onboard computer.
D. A specially designed battery motor provides extra power when needed.
4. What is the most important feature of hybrid cars?
A. They are powered by both a rechargeable battery and gasoline.
B. They are much quieter than traditional cars.
C. They only use 99 percent of their power to run up hills.
D. They have smaller engines than traditional gasoline ones.
5. What can we conclude from the story?
A. The batteries can be recharged at any time you want.
B. Using the brake suggests that the gasoline engine should work.
C. The batteries will last for 200, 000 miles without being recharged.
D. The gasoline engine charges the batteries as well as powers the car.

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科目： 來源：遼寧省期中題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解
     Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic (寄生蟲引起的)disease, kills as many as three million people every year-almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess
because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer
works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.        
     Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often,
headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the
red blood cells they infect. They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill
you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease is passed on to humans by female
mosquitoes infected with one of four species of a parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand
genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more
outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming.
     For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have
become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they
have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would
come next.  
1. According to paragraph 1, many people don't seek care because ________.
A. they are too poor
B. it is unusual to seek care
C. they can remain unaffected for long
D. there are too many people suffering from the disease
2. People suffering from malaria ________.
A. have to kill female mosquitoes
B. have ability to defend parasites
C. have their red blood cells infected
D. have sudden fever, followed by chills
3. Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?
A. Its resistance to global warming.
B. Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.
C. Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.
D. Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. no drugs have been found to treat the disease
B. the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people
C. malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites
D. nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease

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科目： 來源：吉林省同步題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解。
     A small piece of fish each day may keep the heart doctor away. That's the finding of a study of
Dutch men in which deaths from heart disease were more than 50 percent lower among those who
consumed at least an ounce (盎司)of salt water fish per day compared to those who never ate fish.
      The Dutch research is one of three human studies that give strong scientific support to the long
held belief that eating fish can provide health benefits, particularly to the heart.
     Heart disease is the number-one killer in the United States, with more than 550,000 deaths
occurring from heart attacks each year. But previous research has shown the level of heart disease
is lower in cultures that consume more fish than Americans do. There are fewer heart disease deaths,
for example, among the Eskimos of Greenland, who consume about 14 ounces of fish a day, and
among the Japanese, whose daily fish consumption(消費(fèi)量) averages more than 3 ounces.
     For 20 years, the Dutch study followed 852 middle-aged men, 20 percent of whom ate no fish.
At the start of the study, average fish consumption was about two-thirds of an ounce each day, with
more eating lean fish than fatty fish.
     During the next two decades, 78 of the men died from heart disease. The fewest deaths were
among the group who regularly ate fish, even at levels far lower than those of the Japanese or Eskimos.
This relationship was true regardless of other factors such as age, high blood pressure, or blood
cholesterol(膽固醇) levels.
1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The Dutch research has proved that eating fish can help to prevent heart disease.
B. People who regularly eat fish never suffer from heart disease.
C. Heart disease causes more deaths in America than any other disease.
D. There is a low level of heart disease in such countries as Japan and Greenland.
2. The underlined words "lean fish" (paragraph 5) roughly mean "_____". 
A. large fish                
B. fresh fish    
C. fish that live in salt water  
D. fish that have little fat
3. The passage is mainly about ______.  
A. the high incidence of heart disease in some countries  
B. the effect of fish eating on people's health  
C. the changes in people's diet  
D. the daily fish consumption of people in different cultures
4. We can infer from the passage that there are fewer heart disease deaths _____.  
A. in Dutch  
B. in America  
C. in the countries with high consumption of fish  
D. in the countries with good production of fish

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科目： 來源：江蘇省期中題 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解
     China's government has been trying all measures to reduce pollution in the past few years. Now people
can enjoy a fresh environment everywhere. The following two graphs are adopted from the column of "City
Information" on the webpage of Beijing Review.
Graph 1: Olympic Cities Air Quality Report
City Date API Major Pollutant Air Quality Degree Quality Condition
Beijing Sep. 8 37 N/A Ⅰ Very good
Qinhuangdao Sep. 8 52 PM10 Ⅱ Good
Qingdao Sep. 8 68 PM10 Ⅱ Good
Shanghai Sep. 8 67 PM10 Ⅱ Good
Shenyang Sep. 8 88 PM10 Ⅱ Good
Tianjin Sep. 8 54 PM10 Ⅱ Good
Graph 2: Chinese National Standard
API Values Levels of health concern Colors
When the API is in this range: ...air quality conditions are: ...as symbolized by this color:
0 to 50 Very good Blue
51 to 100 Good Green
101 to 150 Slight pollution Yellow
151 to 200 Moderate pollution Orange
201 to 250 Medium pollution Red
251 to 300 High pollution Purple
301 to 500 Hazardous Brown
Notes:
   **API stands for Air Pollution Index(指數(shù)).
   **Particulate matter (PM10) is a major component of air pollution that threatens both our health and our
environment. It consists of very small liquid and solid particles floating in the air.
   **Sulfur dioxide(SO2) acts as an acid．Inhalation(吸入) results in labored breathing, coughing, or a
sore throat and may cause permanent lung damage.
1. According to Graph 1, which of the following cities has the worst air pollution?
A. Qinhuangdao.    
B. Tianjin.
C. Qingdao                
D. Shenyang.        .
2. If your city is symbolized by either red or purple, the pollution in your city is      .
A. Moderate or high.        
B. Moderate or slight.   
C. Medium or high.        
D. Medium or slight.  
3. Which of the following statements is TURE?
A. With API value below 150 the air is free from being polluted.
B. The colors from purple to Yellow indicate the air quality is becoming much worse.
C. When there are floating solid particles and dust in the air, it is dangerous pollution.
D. On September 8th the color-symbol of Beijing City's air quality is 'Blue'.
4. When more citizens are beginning to have labored breathing soon after they are in the open air, it suggests that             .
A. there is a large amount of sulfur dioxide in the air
B. it is so cold that they may have caught a cold
C. they are starting to cough or have a fever
D. they must be infected with permanent lung disease

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