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     Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected
all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference
between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary
changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle…They compare their own performances
with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a
child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself. We do it all for him. We act as if we
thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was
made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the
answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.
     If it is a matter in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time in such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he
tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons
must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what he does not know.

1．According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is by ________.

A．listening to skilled people's advice
B．a(chǎn)sking older people many questions
C．making mistakes and having them corrected
D．doing what other people do

2．Which of the following does the writer think teachers should NOT do?

A．Give children correct answers.
B．Allow children to mark mistakes.
C．Point out children's mistakes to them.
D．Let children mark their own work.

3．According to the writer, teachers in school should ________.

A．a(chǎn)llow children to learn from each other
B．point out children's mistakes whenever they are found
C．correct children's mistakes as soon as possible
D．give children more book knowledge

4．The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are ________.

A．different from learning other skills
B．the same as learning skills
C．more important than other skills
D．not really important skills

      "Billy! It is February 25, 2099, seven o'clock. Time to get up and go to school,  " said the clockrobot
in a mental voice. Then the kitchenrobot gave him toast and eggs. Billy was amazed. While he was eating,
the whole wall became a TV screen and Billy thought that it was great having robots to do everything for
him. Billy ate his meal, watching a TV show. When he finished eating, the clothesrobot gave him his
clothes very fast and dressed him. Then Billy went off to school.
     When Billy went outside, he saw a car with no driver waiting for him. The car said, "Hello, I will be
driving you to school every day. Now would you please show your school ID card?" said the car. So
Billy showed the car his school ID card and got in. The car began to talk to Billy about his school and his
schoolwork. After that the car said, "I will check your homework today because you will have a very, very important lesson to learn in school today. Please put your homework on the blackboard." Billy did so.
     The car checked Billy's homework and then said, "Well done! You are a great student. All of your
homework is correct." When they got to school, Billy said to the car, "Goodbye. See you later." The car
said to Billy, "Good luck in your school." Billy got into the classroom and took his seat at the front of the
room. Then his teacher came in and said, "Welcome, children! Today we will have a hard but important
lesson-'How do robots help a human being?'…"

1. What's the best title of the passage?

A. Billy's Daily Life
B. How Billy Go to School
C. How Do Robots Help Humans in the Future
D. Robots

2. Who cooked breakfast for Billy?

A. His mother.  
B. His father.
C. A robot.  
D. Billy himself.

3. When did Billy have to show his school ID card?

A. Before getting to school.
B. Before getting into the car.
C. Before entering the classroom.
D. Before classes were over.

4. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Billy liked having robots to do everything for him.
B. At first Billy was very surprised.
C. Billy was glad that the robot teacher would give a very, very important lesson.
D. The car itself drove Billy to school.

     Taylor Bernard and her twin sister were born 12 weeks early. As a result, Taylor suffers from
cerebral palsy (CP). It is a condition that affects the brain. Kids who are born with CP have trouble
controlling the muscles in their body. Taylor is 8 years old now. She uses a powerwheelchair to get
around. Her twin sister Sydney participates in sports, but Taylor has a different interest: art.
     Taylor submitted(提交) a watercolor painting of a sunset in Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, to an art
contest. Of the more than 5,500 students who took park in the contest, only 51 were selected. Taylor
was one of them. Her winning painting is now being displayed in Union Station, in Washington, D. C.
After leaving Union Station, the exhibit will tour the country.
     The contest was sponsored by VSA, the international organization on arts and disability. The
nonprofit group was started to give people with disabilities an opportunity to participate in the arts.
Submissions for the contest came from students with and without disabilities. The exhibition is part of
VSA's International Arts Festival and was also sponsored by CVS Caremark's All Kids Can program.
     Art Changed Her Life
     Amanda LaMunyon represented Oklahoma in the exhibition. She just finished her freshman year of
high school. When Amanda was in elementary school, she had problems focusing and following rules.
She has Asperger Syndrome, which is a form of autism.
     "People started looking at her differently," her mother, Sherry LaMunyon, said. "They stopped
looking at her as a girl who was struggling and started looking at her as an artist. It's changed her whole
life."
     The president of VSA, Soula Antoniou, said that the point of the exhibition is to focus on students'
abilities, rather than their disabilities. "What we're trying to do is make sure each student finds something
they're good at," she said.
     That's exactly what Taylor's done. While she has some difficulty with fine motor skills, she's found that
she's talented with wide brush strokes(筆畫) in painting.
     Inspiring Others
    Before finding painting, Amanda said she had trouble fitting in. "I didn't have anything that I felt was my
talent," she said. Now she's more focused on school and is interested in studying fashion design and
theater.
    Amanda hopes that the exhibition will show others that even if they have disabilities, they have abilities
they don't even know yet. You can see more of Amanda's artwork at amandalamunyon.com.

1. How could Amanda's mother feel when they learned Amanda could paint?

A. Disappointed.  
B. Surprised.
C. Doubt.  
D. Pleased.

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Only the disabled students can enter the art contest sponsored by VSA.
B. Amanda, Taylor's sister, has trouble in focusing and following rules.
C. Amanda has improved a lot in study after finding painting.
D. Sydney prefers art to sport because of her disability in the brain.

3. What is the text mainly about?

A. Students with disabilities show their creativity at an international art festival in Washington, D. C.
B. Students with disabilities are more talented in art according to the result of an international art festival
     in Washington, D. C.
C. An international art festival in Washington, D. C. gives people with disabilities an opportunity to
     participate in the arts.
D. More than 5,500 students submitted their paintings at an international art festival in Washington, D. C.

4. We may infer from the passage that ________.

A. Amanda had Asperger syndrome before she went to the elementary school
B. Some children who are disabled even don't know their situation
C. Taylor has trouble controlling the muscles, but her sister is healthy
D. Amanda is good at painting with wide brush strokes

     We all know that certain oils are healthier than others, but your oil health goes beyond just the type.
The health of your oil can be related to how you use it too.
    Each type of oil has what is called a "smoke point". The smoke point is the specific temperature at
which the oil starts to break down, or in more technical terms, its molecular structure begins to change.
These molecular changes result in changes in flavor, as well as changes in nutritional value,specifically,the
nutritional value of the oil starts to reduce；changing what once may have been considered an especially
healthy oil,like Olive,into one that is unhealthy.
    The higher an oil's smoke point is,the higher the temperature of the oil can be.As a result, each type of
oil should be used for the cooking method that is most appropriate to its individual smoke point and heat
tolerance.Here is a quick guide for the next time you reach for your favorite

     Note that the above table represents oils that are refined(精煉的). Most oils we buy are refined.Refined oils tend to have much higher smoke points than when they are unrefined.They also differ in nutrition and flavor.Unrefined oils are more nutritious and they tend to be much richer in flavor.
     When it comes to extremely high heat cooking,always choose oils which are refined.

1. What determines whether an oil is healthy or not?

A. Whether it's refined or not.
B. Its smoke point.
C. Its molecular.
D. How you use it.

2. Which of the following might be a better choice to make a healthy salad?

A. Refined walnut oil.  
B. Safflower oil.
C. Unrefined olive oil.  
D. Sunflower oil.

3. Healthy oil can become unhealthy if________according to the passage.

A. you keep it for too long
B. it is heated well beyond its smoke point
C. it is refined
D. its flavor is changed

4. The author wants to tell readers that________.

A. oils are related to health
B. oils' value depends on their smoke points
C. "certain oils are healthier" is relative
D. oils' flavor and nutrition are connected

     While most high school students spend most of their time worrying about who likes who,and different
relationships between their classmates,I choose to focus on my school lessons and sports.
     When I was young,my mother encouraged me to develop and keep friendship with boys in order to
build strong relationships. But she told me not to risk a good friendship with a boy with the title of
boyfriend. It's indeed a wise choice to stay friends with those of the opposite sex. In my opinion, even
though some high school relationships might continue after graduation,the probability of them lasting much
longer is so slim that there really is not a point to it.
     Firstly you have to think about such a question－whether it is possible to hurt both of you,or even
hurt both of your future husbands or wives. My second point is that you still can date if you hope marriage could possibly follow. Except this,there really is not any other reason for dating. Some students desire
relationships for a chance to be romantic. While these are nice to have,there are many more important
things at this point in our lives.
     The titles of boyfriend and girlfriend put too much stress on a relationship between high school students. Just staying as common friends may be the best choice for us. I strongly recommend we should deal with
it in an appropriate way and follow our teachers' advice if necessary.

1. The author writes this passage probably for ________ to read.

A. high school students  
B. school teachers
C. parents and teachers  
D. married couples

2. Between sexes,the relationship of being good friends might be ________ than that of being
    boy/girlfriends.

A. weaker  
B. safer
C. slimmer  
D. stronger

3. How does the writer like the idea of dating among the students?

A. Dating is a nice chance for students to be romantic.
B. Studying is far more important than dating in school.
C. In high school dating can surely lead to future marriage.
D. Dating in high school is sure to hurt your future family.

4. The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph might refer to________.

A. the title of boyfriend or girlfriend at school
B. advice given by both teachers and parents
C. the pressure from school lessons and sports
D. the relationship between students of opposite sexes

    The sea has always interested man.From it he can get food, minerals, and treasure.For thousands of
years, he could sail on it.But he could not go far beneath its surface.
     Man wants to explore deep into the sea.However, he is not a fish.He must breathe air, so he can't
stay under the water's surface for any length of time.To explore deep water, man faces even more
dangers and problems.
     A diver who wants to stay under water for more than a few minutes must breathe air or a special
mixture of gases.He can wear a diving suit and have air pumped to him from above.He can carry a tank
of air on his back and breathe through a nose and a mouthpiece.Water weighs 800 times as much as air.
Tons of water pushes against a diver deep in the sea.His body is under great pressure.
     When a diver is under great pressure, his blood takes in some of the gases he breathes.As he rises to
surface, the water pressure becomes less.If the diver rises too quickly, the gases in his blood form
bubbles.The diver is then suffering from the bends.The bends can cause a diver to double up in pain.They
can even kill him.

1. On the whole, this passage is about ________.

A. special mixtures of gases in deep sea
B. the problems man faces in deepsea diving
C. air pressure under the surface of sea water
D. a kind of illness that man suffers in the sea

2. A diver's body in deep water ________.

A. is under great pressure
B. is just like that of a fish
C. suffers from the bends
D. weighs very little

3.  The passage does not say so, but it makes you think that ________.

A. deepdivers should be in good health
B. divers explore the deep sea only for treasure
C. diving under the water too quickly causes a kind of illness
D. there is a special mixture of gases under the sea

4. From the passage we can see that ________.

A. the sea began to interest man a few years ago
B. man is not at home deep in the sea
C. all divers will get the bends sooner or later
D. the air in the sea water will kill a diver if he is not careful

     People travel for a lot of reasons. Some tourists go to see battlefields or religious shrines. Others are
looking for culture, or simply want to have their picture taken in front of famous places. But most
European tourists are looking for a sunny beach to lie on.
     European are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with a lot of inconveniences for the sun because
they have so little of it. Residents of cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam spend a lot of their
winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the
reason the Mediterranean has always attracted them. Every summer, more than 25 million people travel
to Mediterranean resort and beaches for their vacation. They all come for the same reason: sun!
    The huge crowds mean lots of money for the economies of Mediterranean countries. Italy's 30,000
hotels are booked solid every summer. And 13 million people camp out on French beaches, parks and
roadsides. Spain's long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else. 37 million tourists visit
yearly, or_one_tourist_for_every_person_living_in_Spain.
    But there are signs that the area is getting more tourism than it can handle. The Mediterranean is
already one of the most polluted seas on earth. And with increased tourism, it's getting worse. The
French can't figure out what to do with all the garbage left by campers around St. Tropez. And in many
places, swimming is dangerous because of pollution.
     None of this, however, is spoiling anyone's fun. The Mediterranean gets more popular every year with
tourists. Obviously, they don't go there for clean water and solitude. They tolerate traffic jams and seem
to like crowded beaches. They don't even mind the pollution. No matter how dirty the water is, the
coastline still looks beautiful. And as long as the sun shines, it's still better than sitting in the cold rain in
Berlin, London, or Oslo.

1. The writer seems to imply that Europeans travel mostly for the reason that ________.

A. they want to see historic remains or religious spots
B. they are interested in different cultural traditions and social customs
C. they would like to take pictures in front of famous sites
D. they wish to escape from the cold, dark and rainy days back at home

2. In Paragraph 2, cities like London, Copenhagen, and Amsterdam are mentioned________.

A. to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography and climate
B. to tell us how wealthy their residents are
C. to suggest that these cities lack places of historic interest and scenic beauty
D. to prove that they have got more tourism than they handle

3. According to the passage, which of the following countries attracts more tourists than the others?

A. Italy.  
B. Spain.
C. Greece.  
D. France.

4. The latter half of the last sentence in Paragraph 3, "or one tourist for every person living in Spain"
    means ________.

A. all the 37 million people living in Spain are tourist
B. every year almost as many tourists visit Spain as there are people living in that country
C. every person living in Spain has to take care of a tourist
D. every Spanish is visited by a tourist every year

     Cloning is suggested as a means of bringing back a relative, usually a child, killed unfortunately. Some
parents can understand that wish, but it must first be recognized that the copy would be a new baby and
not the lost child. Here lies the_difficulty,_for the sad parents are seeking not a new baby but a return of
the dead one. Since the original would be fondly remembered as having particular talents and interests,
would not the parents expect the copy to be the same? It is possible, however, that the copy would
develop quite differently. Is it fair to the new child to be placed in a family with such unnatural expectations?
     Copying is also suggested as a means by which parents can have the child of their dreams. Couples
might choose to have a copy of a film star, baseball player or scientist, depending on their interests. But
because personality is only partly the result of genetic inheritance, conflicts would be sure to arise if the
cloned child failed to develop the same interests as the original. What if the copy of Einstein shows no
interest in science? Or the baseball player turns to acting? Success_also_depends_on_fortune. What if
the child does not live up to the hopes and dreams of their parents simply because of bad luck?
     Every child should be wanted for itself, as a person. In making a copy of oneself or some famous
person, a parent is purposely specifying the way he or she wishes that child to develop. In recent years,
particularly in the U. S., much importance has been placed on the right of individuals to reproduce in
ways that they wish. So I suggest there should be a greater need to consider the interests of the child and
to reject these suggested uses of cloning.

1. The underlined part "the difficulty" in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.

A. cloning a baby is difficult
B. it's difficult to give birth to a new baby
C. the dead child can't come back again
D. the cloned baby can't replace the lost child

2. According to the passage,one of the reasons why couples usually decide to clone babies is ________.

A. to bring back a child killed unfortunately
B. to exchange their children
C. to develop the same interests as their child
D. to succeed in making fortune

3. The sentence "Success also depends on fortune" implies that ________.

A. the result may be unpredictable
B. the child does not live up to the parents' hopes
C. the cloned child fails to develop the same interest as the original
D. the baseball player turns to acting

4. We CAN'T conclude that ________ according to the observation made by the author.

A. it's important to consider the interests of the child rather than the suggested uses of cloning
B. parents can't expect to get the lost child back by cloning a new baby
C. much importance should be placed on the right of parents to reproduce babies in ways that they wish
D. every child should be wanted as a unique individual

     The two things-snow and mountains-which are needed for a ski area are the two things that cause
avalanches(雪崩), large mass of snow and ice crushing down the side of a mountain-often called "White
Death."
    It was the threat of the avalanche and its record as a killer of man in the western mountains that created
the snow ranger. He first started on avalanche control work in the winter of 193738 at Alta, Utah, in
Wasatch National Forest.
     This mountain valley was becoming well known to skiers. It was dangerous. In fact, more than 120
persons had lost their lives in 1936 and another 200 died in 1937 as a result of avalanches before it
became a major ski area. Thus, development of Alta and other major ski resorts in the west was
dependent upon controlling the avalanche. The Forest Service set out to do it, and did, with its corps
(團(tuán)隊(duì))of snow rangers.
     It takes many things to make a snow ranger. The snow ranger must be in excellent physical condition.
He must be a good skier and a skilled mountain climber. He should have at least a high school education,
and the more college courses in geology, physics, and related fields he has, the better.
     He studies snow, terrain, wind, and weather. He learns the conditions that produce avalanches. He
learns to forecast avalanches and to bring them roaring on down the mountainsides to reduce their killing
strength. The snow ranger learns to do this by using artillery(炮), by blasting with TNT, and by the
difficult and skillful art of skiing avalanches down.
     The snow ranger, dressed in a green parka which has a bright yellow shoulder patch, means safety
for people on ski slopes. He pulls the trigger(扳機(jī)) on a 75 mm. Recoilless rifle(無(wú)后坐力步槍), skis
waist deep in powder testing snow stability, or talks with the ski area's operator as he goes about his
work to protect the public from the hazards(危險(xiǎn))of deep snow on steep mountain slopes.

1. The snow rangers are employees of ________.

A. the Forest Service  
B. the Resource Bureau
C. the Tourist Board  
D. the Sports Bureau

2. A snow ranger himself must be ________.

A. a college graduate  
B. a physicist
C. a geologist  
D. a mountaineer

3. A snow ranger uses very powerful guns________.

A. to warn skiers of an approaching avalanche
B. to signal for help in an emergency
C. to create an avalanche
D. to communicate with the ski area's operator

4. The primary duty of the snow ranger is ________.

A. to make sure ski area's operators are following safety rules
B. to predict and control avalanches in mountainous areas
C. to check skis and repair them
D. to forecast the weather