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One way to sell stuff is to make things that people want to buy. Another way is to offer “free trials” and then hit customers with bills. This brings us to PDC Education Ltd, run by Rebecca Jordan and Kirsty Weir of Leeds, whose website teaching-resources-uk.com offers teaching plans for teachers.
Rosemarie Brady, finance manager of Rutlish School in Merton, southwest London, tells us that one teacher called Amanda Seyfried downloaded the “free” resources. “Unfortunately in very small print, they state that unless the free trial is cancelled, then you will be charged,” she says.
A year has gone by and now they’ve been sent a second bill for 500 pounds, just because they forgot to cancel the “free trial”.
Merton Council—and it’s not the only one—has sent a warning to all its schools saying: “ Only in the very (easily missed) small print of the terms and conditions is it explained that, after the 14-day trial, schools will be automatically signed for a two-year contact with the company.”
“This will only be stopped if the teacher who requested the trial writes directly to PDC to cancel before the 14 days have expired(期滿). The fee can be as much as hundreds of pounds, with the threat of debt recovery if they are not paid.”
Among the online complaints is this one from a teacher. “How disappointed I am that they will not even consider seriously re-negotiating the invoice(清單).”
Rebecca Jordan of PDC Education said, “ The whole purpose behind the free trial is that we have confidence in our business. This free trial period gives teachers the chance to see what is on offer without having to commit to a payment.”
Only a “very small number” of teachers have complained when they receive an invoice, she added. “ Their only complaint is that they have not checked what they are signing up to but that is not our fault, the position is totally clear. The prices and the trial terms are clear to see on the online sign up page.”
It’s true the terms and conditions are on their website. But perhaps it’s unhelpful that they run to almost 3000 words.
小題1:We know from the passage that____________.

A．Merton Council suggests that PDC Education Ltd should be closed down

B．the website teaching-resources-uk.com uses tricks to cheat people out of money

C．the users complained that they had not been informed of writing to PDC earlier

D．the education website promises to enlarge their warning print and cut down the term

小題2: Which of the following words best describes the author’s attitude towards PDC?

A．Critical

B．Reserved

C．Doubtful

D．Positive

小題3: What might be the best title for the passage?

A．An education website	B．A lesson in “free” trials
C．A mysterious invoice	D．Traps on the web

For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the aging of the baby-boom (生育高峰) generation, a longer life span(壽命) means that the nation’s elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The change brings many problems for government and society, of course. But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions,  and in law and business as well. “In addition to the doctors, we’re going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and specialized lawyers,” says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California’s (USC) School of Gerontology (老年學).
Lawyers can specialize in “elder law” which covers everything from trusts(信托) and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination. Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees(退休者) in human history. “Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law degree will have a license to print money,” one professor says.
Margarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology major but found she was “really bored with bacteria.” So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it. She says, “I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying.”
小題1:.“…Old is suddenly in” (Line 1, Para. 1) most probably means “_____”.

A．America has suddenly become a nation of old people

B．more elderly professors are found on American campuses

C．gerontology has suddenly become popular

D．American colleges have realized the need of getting older students

小題2:Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market?

A．The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power

B．They can employ more gerontologists

C．Retirees are more generous in spending money

D．There are more elderly people working than before

小題3:Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage?

A．Retirees who are business-minded

B．The volunteer workers in retirement homes

C．Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology

D．College graduates with an MBA or law degree

小題4:.It can be seen from the passage that the expansion of America’s elderly population ______.

A．will provide good job opportunities in many areas

B．will cause a heavy burden on society

C．may lead to nursing home abuse and age discrimination

D．will create new fields of study in universities

Bright red post boxes, the Queen and queuing—what do they all have in common? They are all important parts of British life. At least I thought so.
However, the ability to queue for long periods of time, once believed to be a traditional characteristic of the British, is no longer tolerated by people in the UK, according to a survey done for British bank Barclays.
Once upon a time, queuing was seen as normal. During World WarⅡ, everyone had to queue up to receive their daily supply of foods. In fact, if you didn't stand up and wait in line with all the others, it was seen as uncivilized.
The famous English double-decker buses, with only one entrance, might also help explain why queuing was seen as a part of British life. Almost always, there is queue to get on.
But perhaps the British are tired of being pushed past by the Spanish, the Italians or the French as they queue up to get a table at a restaurant. The people of these other European countries have more than one entrance to their buses, which explains their more relaxed attitude to the queue.
Two minutes is now the longest time most British people are prepared to stand and wait. But could it be that the Internet, which allows us to carry out tasks quickly, is the main reason why British people are no longer prepared to queue?
"Used to buying without delay, customers are even giving up purchases rather than wait their turn," says Stuart Neal of Barclaycard. "Shoppers are also less likely to queue for long if the item they are buying is of low value."
Perhaps I will have to replace "queuing" with "impatience" in my list of things I relate to the British. 
小題1: What can we learn about the tradition of queuing in Britain? 

A．It was considered a symbol of a civilized behavior.

B．It was a long time tradition as old as the Queen.

C．It was a product of the slow pace of life.

D．It has made the Britain different from other Europeans.

小題2: According to the passage, the British gradually stopped queuing because ______.

A．they prefer shopping online

B．the Internet has changed their way of life

C．what they are buying is of low value

D．they follow the example of foreigners

小題3: It can be learned from the text that ______. 

A．the British used to buy without delay

B．the British have to queue to receive food

C．the British get impatient with queuing for long

D．the British prefer to take double-decker buses

小題4:The author's main purpose of writing the passage is _______.

A．to tell us the influence of the Internet on the British ways of life

B．to compare the cultural difference between Britain and other countries

C．to report his research on the British ways of life

D．to talk about the changes in the attitude to queuing in Britain

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
When we read books we seem to enter a new world. This new world can be similar to the one we are living in, or it can be very      . Some stories are told       they were true. Real people who live in a       world do real things; in other words, the stories are about people just like us doing what we do. Other stories, such as the Harry Potter books, are not       . They are characters and creatures that are very different from us and do things that would be       for us.
But there is more to books and writing than this. If we think about it, even realistic writing is only     . How can we tell the difference between what is real and what is not real? For example, when we read about Harry Potter, we       seem to learn something about the real world. And when Harry studies magic at Hogwarts, he also learns more about his real life than      . Reading, like writing, is an action. It is a way of      . When we read or write something, we do much more than simple look at words on a page. We use our       -- which is real-- and our imagination-- which is real in a different way --- to make the words come to life in our minds.
　　Both realism and fantasy(幻想)       the imagination and the “magic” of reading and writing to make us think. When we read       realistic, we have to imagine that the people we are reading about are just like us, even though we       that we are real and they are    . It sounds       , but it works. When we read, we fill in missing information and     about the causes and effects of what a character does. We help the writer by       that what we read is like real life. In a way, we are writing the book, too.
　　Most of us probably don’t think about what is going on in our       when we are reading. We pick up a book and lose       in a good story, eager to find out what will happen next. Knowing how we feel       we read can help us become better readers, and it will help us discover more about the real magic of books.

小題1:	A．possible B．easy C．new D．different

小題2:	A．that B．what C．whether D．as if

小題3:	A．usual B．normal C．certain D．common

小題4:	A．realistic B．reasonable C．moral D．instructive

小題5:	A．difficult B．impossible C．important D．necessary

小題6:	A．thinkable B．designed C．imagined D．planned

小題7:	A．do B．make C．have D．are

小題8:	A．lessons B．dreams C．experience D．magic

小題9:	A．working B．thinking C．living D．understanding

小題10:

A．knowledge B．skill C．words D．grammar

小題11:

A．make B．get C．use D．have

小題12:

A．a newspaper B．something C．everything D．a story

小題13:

A．find B．learn C．know D．hope

小題14:

A．too B．not C．all D．so

小題15:

A．dangerous B．serious C．strange D．terrible

小題16:

A．talk B．learn C．read D．think

小題17:

A．telling B．pretending C．promising D．guessing

小題18:

A．mind B．life C．world D．society

小題19:

A．heart B．time C．money D．ourselves

小題20:

A．what B．how C．when D．why

Su Hua is studying at Cambridge, UK. She has bought a bicycle and is worried about security. Her friend, Kate, found this article and sent it to her.
Introduction
A lot of crime is against bicycles. About 150,000 bicycles are stolen every year and most are never found. You can prevent this happening by following a few careful steps.
Basic Security
Do not leave your bicycle in out-of-the-way places. Always lock your bicycle when you leave. Secure it to lampposts or trees. Take off smaller parts and take them with you, for example lights and saddles(車座).
Locks
Get a good lock. There are many different types in the shop. Buy one that has been tested against attack. Ask for a recommendation from a bike shop.
Marking
Security marking your bike can act as a deterrent(威懾) to a thief. It can also help the police find your bicycle. It should be clearly written and include your postcode and your house or flat number. This will provide a simple way to identify your bicycle.
Registration
There are a number of companies who will mark your bicycle for you. They will then put your registration number and personal details on their computer database. Then if your bicycle is found it will be easy to contact you.
Finally
Keep a record of the bicycle yourself: its make, model and registration number. You can even take a photograph of it, this will prove the bicycle belongs to you.
小題1:Which part of the article gives you information on how to lock up your bicycle when you leave it?

A．Locks

B．Marking

C．Registration

D．Basic Security

小題2:The article advises you to keep a record of your bicycle ____________.

A．in the bike shop and your computer

B．in a police station and security company

C．in a security company and your university

D．by yourself and in a security company

小題3:Which of the following statements is true?

A．More than 150,000 bicycles are stolen every year.

B．Leave your bicycle in out-of-the-way places.

C．Taking a photograph of your bike will help prove the bicycle belongs to you.

D．Always lock your bicycle even if you don’t leave.

小題4:The main purpose of this article is _____________.

A．to tell you what to do if your bicycle is stolen

B．to suggest ways of keeping your bicycle safe

C．to give you advice on where to buy a good lock

D．to say why you shouldn’t keep your bicycle in a quiet place

Father was a hardworking man who delivered bread as a living to support his wife and three children. He spent all his evenings after work attending classes, hoping to improve himself so that he could one day find a better paid job. Except for Sundays, Father hardly ate a meal together with his family. He worked and studied very hard because he wanted to provide his family with the best that money could buy.
Whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. Though he often longed to spend more time with his family, he weighed his contribution to his family above everything else.
The day came when the examination results were announced. To his joy, Father passed, and with distinctions too! Soon after, he was offered a good job as a senior supervisor which paid handsomely.
Like a dream come true, Father could now afford to provide his family with life’s little luxuries like nice clothing, fine food and vacation abroad.
However, the family still did not get to see Father for most of the week. He continued to work very hard, hoping to be promoted to the position of manager. In fact, to make himself a worthily candidate for the promotion, he took another course in an open university.
Again, whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. Though he often longed to spend more time with his family, he weighed his contribution to his family above everything else.
Father’s hard work paid off and he was promoted. Happily, he decided to hire a maid to relieve his wife from her domestic tasks. He also felt that their three-room flat was no longer big enough. It would be nice for his family to be able to enjoy the facilities and comfort of a condominium.    Having experienced the rewards of his hard work many times before, Father resolved to further his studies and work at being promoted again. The family still did not get to see much of him. In fact, sometimes Father had to work on Sundays entertaining clients.
Over again, whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. Though he often longed to spend more time with his family, he weighed his contribution to his family above everything else.
As expected, Father's hard work paid off again and he bought a beautiful condominium overlooking the coast of Singapore. On the first Sunday evening at their new home, Father declared to his family that he decided not to take any more courses or pursue any more promotions. From then on he was going to devote more time to his family, and it was a promise.
Father did not wake up the next day.
小題1:Father worked and studied very hard because ________.

A．he had to support his family

B．he wanted to bring his family a better life

C．he was enthusiastic in attending classes

D．he had to so as to reduce his family’s complaint

小題2:What CAN’T Father get through his hard work?

A．Better housing

B．Higher education

C．Family time

D．Vacation abroad

小題3:How would the family feel when "Father did not wake up the next day"?

A．To their joy, Father can have a good rest in the end.

B．Thank God, Father can stay home with them.

C．They should have stopped Father from working so hard.

D．There is no point working hard for a better life.

小題4:What is the function of the italicized(斜體)paragraphs in this passage?

A．To imply a sad ending to the story.

B．To show how stubborn Father was.

C．To make readers feel how hard Father worked.

D．To make readers show sympathy for Father.

Most friendships die a nature death: people move, change jobs, or start different stages of life. Other friendships, however, end unexpectedly.  When a friendship is over and you don’t understand why, it can be especially painful. Sometimes a friend ends your relationship without telling you why.
The loss of friendship might be worth reflecting on. Knowing when a friendship is over and why it ends may help you build stronger friendships in the future.
●See if you can find a problem.
When a friendship is over, examine your relationship. Perhaps you remember your friend complaining that you’re always late. Maybe you seldom return your friend’s phone calls. When a friend ends your relationship, try to find out the reasons why the friendship is over.
● Writer a letter to your friend .
Express you feelings about the friendship. Do you miss seeing them? Do you have any regrets? Would you act differently if you were still friends? Make it an honest communication.
● Express you feeling of being hurt or anger.
Write or talk about how you feel in a letter. When a friendship is over, it’s important to communicate exactly how hurt you feel, and why. Write until you have nothing left to say. When a friend ends your relationship, you do have the right to express yourself.
● Communicate that you are open to pick up the friendship .
When a friendship is over and you want to reconnect some day, send Christmas, or birthday cards. Say hi and send greetings through mutual(共有的) friends. When a friendship is over, don’t give up until you’re ready.
● Decide to make your present friendships better.
An adviser once told me that simply talking about your relationship strengthens your relationship. Talk to your present friends. Are they happy with your friendship? If a friend ends your relationship, learn something from it.
小題1:The underlined phrase “reflecting on” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to      .

A．keeping on

B．giving up

C．thinking about

D．getting angry

小題2:What can we know from “See if you can find a problem.”?

A．You are always late when you and your friend plan to go out.

B．Perhaps your friendship is over because of your problem.

C．Your friend is fond of complaining all the time.

D．You often refuse to answer your friend’s phone calls.

小題3:When a friendship is over, you may do all the following EXCEPT      .

A．ask your friends whose fault on earth it is

B．talk about how you feel about your friendship

C．write a letter to your friend to tell your regrets

D．send your greetings to your friend before giving up

Imagine that Mom and Dad have friends over, and you have to talk to adults all evening. Say the       thing and the parents might get mad. But, say      ,  and they’ll think you weren’t friendly. So,     can you talk with adults?
It’s __ __. Just ask them questions about themselves. “Many of them like to talk about what they do for a living,” suggests psychologist Tim Ursiny.
Kids can also talk to grown-ups about     . Ask what the last good movie they saw was, because people at dinner parties “     ” when the conversation turns to movies, Ursiny says. If a grown-up is     Harry Potter, it’s OK to talk about your love for Harry. It’s a(n)    __ topic, one that both grown-ups and kids can enjoy, so       and talk about whether Dumbledore is really dead.
But       the topic of video games. “Adults don’t want to hear about your video game      they play it,” Ursiny explains.
Adults also don’t want to hear slang(俚語). Don’t use language they don’t      . Ursiny says kids should learn to speak to other people in their own language.
     most adults aren’t into slang, they do remember what it was like to be a kid. Ursiny recommends asking adults what __ __ was like when they were your age. “It might be a fun discussion if you       your 10th-grade experience with theirs.”       you chat with your parents in advance to find out which topics are off-limits (禁區(qū)).
Also, don’t chat about the things that make your parents feel guilty. Don’t mention        stuff such as how Dad has been sleeping on the couch, Ursiny says. And don’t complain that Mom has been late preparing breakfast.
     , Ursiny says, kids should try to put themselves in their parents’      . Learning how to      that type of understanding might help you out in the future. “The most successful people can develop a sympathetic feeling for others,” he says.

小題1:	A．exact B．serious C．unfortunate D．wrong

小題2:	A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing

小題3:	A．how B．whatever C．why D．when

小題4:	A．important B．interesting C．hard D．easy

小題5:	A．movies B．meals C．parties D．hobbies

小題6:	A．look up B．light up C．make up D．keep up

小題7:	A．in B．on C．into D．onto

小題8:	A．safe B．special C．helpful D．general

小題9:	A．hold out B．walk out C．go ahead D．turn around

小題10:

A．neglect B．avoid C．prevent D．ignore

小題11:

A．when B．unless C．but D．because

小題12:

A．believe B．accept C．understand D．agree

小題13:

A．While B．As C．If D．Since

小題14:

A．family B．school C．society D．nature

小題15:

A．show B．compare C．balance D．match

小題16:

A．Make sure B．Pay attention C．Watch out D．Take care

小題17:

A．incredible B．terrible C．embarrassing D．personal

小題18:

A．However B．Instead C．Therefore D．Yet

小題19:

A．shoes B．clothes C．condition D．location

小題20:

A．produce B．shape C．raise D．develop

Wolves travel in groups, and they perform almost all the other activities of their lives in the company of fellow wolves. This is one of the most important facts that modern science have learned about wolves and one of the things that most clearly explain their way of life.
The pack is usually a family group. It is made up of animals related to each other by blood. The centre of a pack is a pair of wolves----an adult male and female that have produced young. The other members of the pack are their offspring (后代): young wolves ranging in age from pups to two- and three-year-olds. Most packs have 6 or 7 members, although some may include as many as 15 wolves.
Relationships among creatures that live close together in groups are often very complex, and this is true of the ties that connect the members of a wolf pack. Scientific studies of captive(被捕獲的) wolves and wolf packs in the wild have shown that many complex rules of behavior seem to govern the way that the animals relate to each other.
When wolf pups are born into a pack, one of the most important things they must learn is the “l(fā)anguage” of the group, the method by which pack members keep in touch with each other, sharing information and communicating their feelings. Scientists have discovered that wolves have a very complex system of communication.
The most famous wolf sound is, of course, the howl, and it is a very important part of wolf language.
When people think about howling, they usually imagine a sad, lonely sound made by a wolf sitting all alone on a hilltop in the moonlight. However, this picture in most human beings’ mind is not completely true. Wolves howl at any time, not just at night, and they often howl together, not alone.
Group or chorus howling is another means by which the members of a wolf reaffirm(重申) their ties with each other and their closeness as a group. One wolf----often the male leader----will point its nose at the sky, open its mouth, and start to howl. Immediately the other members of the pack rush to stand beside him, shoulder to shoulder, and join their voices to his. Each wolf howls on its own note so that a big chorus of slightly different sounds is produced.
Chorus howling often takes place before a wolf pack goes out to hunt. At the end of a successful hunt, the pack may also celebrate with a group howl. While wolves are on the track of prey(獵物)，they are usually silent.
There are occasions when a wolf will howl by itself. This may happen when an animal is separated from the pack. Pack members seem to recognize each other’s voices and will keep responding to the howl of their wandering relative until the group is reunited.
Because howling is a sound that carries over a considerable distance, it is very useful in communications among separated members of a pack. Howling is also used when members of different packs have to get in touch with each other to pass on information about their locations and their purposes.
小題1:What makes communication the most important part of wolves’ lives?

A．Living in packs	B．Hunting at night
C．Occupying a large area	D．Finding fellows

小題2:What most likely happens to young wolves after the age of four?

A．They leave the pack and live alone.

B．They leave the pack to form packs of their own.

C．They continue to live as part of the pack.

D．They take over the leadership from their parents.

小題3:How many members do most wolf packs consist of?

A．3—4

B．4---5

C．6---7

D．10---15

小題4:To what human activity could wolves’ “chorus howling” best be compared?

A．A baby crying from hunger

B．A family having an argument

C．A group of people singing at a concert

D．A sports team cheering before a game

小題5:When will wolves howl according to the passage?

A．Only during the night.	B．When separated from the pack
C．When there is moonlight	D．While on their way to tracking prey

Have you ever noticed what happens to an idea once you express it？Just talking about it or writing it down causes you to make it clear in your own mind. How can you use this to increase your brain power？Start writing.
By putting thoughts into words，you are telling yourself the logic behind what you think，feel，or only partly understand. Often，explaining a thought is the process of understanding. In other words，you increase your brain power by exercising your “explain power”.
Another benefit of writing is that it helps you remember. Many，if not most，highly productive people are always taking notes. You can try keeping it all in your head，but if you keep a journal(日志)of your ideas the next time you’re working on a big project，you’ll probably have more success.
Want to understand a topic？Write a book about it. That’s an extreme example，but if you are learning something new，write a letter to a friend about it，and you will understand it better. Want to invent something？Write an explanation of the problem—why you want to solve it，and why it is worth solving，and you’re half­way there.
Writers don’t always write because they clearly understand something beforehand. Often，they write about something because they want to understand it. You can do the same. Writing will help bring you to an understanding. Give it a try.
小題1:What would be the best title for the passage?

A．A Way on How to Write

B．Increase Your Brain Power Through Writing

C．Brain Power Helps Improve Your Writing

D．How to Start Your Writing

小題2:According to the passage，writing can help you a lot except________.

A．to increase your brain power

B．to improve the ability to remember

C．to develop your interest in study

D．to strengthen the understanding of a topic

小題3:If a writer writes something，it means that he or she________.

A．has understood it very well

B．needs to understand it better

C．wants to remember it in his or her mind

D．is testing his or her new ideas

小題4:The underlined sentence“you’re half­way there”in the fourth paragraph means that________.

A．you are already successful

B．there’s a long way for you to go to reach your goal

C．you are left wondering what to do

D．you have been on the way to success