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The best way of learning a language is using it. The best way of learning English is talking in English as much as possible. Sometimes you’ll get your words mixed up(混合)and people will not understand you. Sometimes people will say things too quickly and you can’t understand them. But if you keep your sense of humor(幽默感),you can always have a good laugh at the mistakes you make. Don’t be unhappy if people seem to be laughing at your mistakes. It’s better for people to laugh at your mistakes than to be angry with you, because they don’t understand what you are saying.The most important thing for learning English is:“Don’t be afraid of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes.”
小題1:What should you do in learning English?

A．Be careful not to make any mistake.	B．Write as quickly as you can.
C．Speak English as much as you can.	D．Laugh all the way.

小題2:When people laugh at your mistakes, you should______.

A．not care

B．be happy

C．feel worried

D．be unhappy

小題3:When you make a mistake, you should______.

A．keep quiet

B．get angry

C．be kind

D．keep your sense of humor

小題4: The story tells us: “________”

A．Only foolish people make mistakes	B．Few people make mistakes
C．People never make mistakes	D．There is no one who doesn’t make mistakes

Light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound. In one second, light travels about 300,000km, but sound travels only 344m. You can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race. If you stand some distance away from the starter, you can see smoke come from his gun before the sound reaches your ears. This great speed of light produces some strange facts. Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us. If you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays（光線）left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you. The nearest star is so far away that the light which you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million km per minute. In some cases the light from one of tonight’s stars started on its journey to you before you were born.
Thus, if we want to be honest, we cannot say “ The stars are shining tonight.” We have to say, “ The stars look pretty. They were shining four years ago but their light has only just reached Earth.”
小題1: Light speed is ________ than sound speed.

A．millions times faster	B．a(chǎn) million times slower
C．a(chǎn)bout millions of times faster	D．a(chǎn)bout a million times faster

小題2:If you stand 200 meters away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race, you will find out that _____.

A．you can hear the gun before you see the smoke.

B．sound does not travel as fast as light.

C．the sound of the gun will reach you before the man fires his gun.

D．sound travels about a million times faster than light.

小題3:What does “ it” refer to?

A．moon light

B．light rays

C．the nearest star

D．the moon

小題4:The scientific way of saying “ The stars are shining tonight” should be________.

A．the stars have been shining all the time.

B．the stars seen tonight will be shining four years later.

C．the stars were shining long ago but are seen tonight.

D．the starlight seen today could be seen four years ago.

The saying that children don’t like reading any more has been proved untrue. A new study finds that 75 percent of kids between five and 17 say that although they love technology, they still want to read books．
The Kids & Family Reading Report also says that 62 percent of kids prefer reading printed books rather than those on a computer．At the same time, those who search an author’s website or use the Internet to find books by a particular author, are more likely to read books for fun every day．
The study also once again proves that the time kids spend reading books for fun decreases after the age of eight and continues to drop through the teen years．The report is a follow-up to a 2006 study．But this time the focus is on the role of technology and when kids’ interest in reading starts to drop．
“Despite the fact that after the age of eight more children go online daily than read for fun daily, high frequency Internet users are more likely to read books for fun every day,” says Heather Carter, a writer of the report．
One in four kids between five and 17 say they read books for fun every day and more than half of kids say they read books for fun at least two to three times a week．One of the key reasons kids say they don’t read more often is that they have trouble finding books they like - a requirement that parents underestimate(低估)．
The study also finds that parents have a strong influence on kids’ reading, but only about half of all parents begin reading to their kids before their first birthday．The percent of children who are read to every day drops from 38 percent among five-to eight-year-olds to 23 percent among nine-to 11-year-olds - exactly the same time that kids’ daily reading for fun starts to drop．
“Parents’ engagement in their child’s reading from birth all the way through the teen years can have a great influence on how often their children read and how much they enjoy reading,” adds Carter．
小題1:What can we learn from the text?

A．Children don’t like reading any more after the age of 8.

B．Most children like reading as well as going online.

C．All kids like reading e – books instead of printed ones.

D．Most children like going online instead of reading.

小題2:It can be inferred from the passage that        .

A．the study of kids’ reading has been made before

B．most parents begin reading to their kids from their birth

C．a(chǎn)ll kids like to get information using the Internet

D．nowadays all children still like to read books

小題3:Which of the following is true according to the text?

A．The kids who often go online don’t like reading books.

B．Parents should teach their kids reading from an early age.

C．Sometimes it is difficult for kids to get the books they like.

D．When kids get older, parents spend more time with them.

小題4:According to the text,        contributes a lot to children’s interest in reading.

A．the Internet	B．parents’ engagement
C．short supply of books	D．new technology

小題5:What’s the best title of the passage?

A．Do kids still like reading?	B．Kids’ interest in reading drops
C．New technology on kids’ reading	D．Parents’ influence on kids’ reading

If you want to improve your child’s results at school, you could do a lot worse than ensuring that they do plenty of exercise. Scientists have already shown that physical activity can make you brainier. But a team in America has used scans to show that an important part of the brain actually grows in children who are fit. These youngsters tend to be more intelligent and have better memories than those who are inactive.
　　Scientists also found that one of the most important parts of their brains was 12 percent larger than those of unfit children. They believe that encouraging children to take exercise from a very young age could help them do better at school later. Researchers from the University of Illinois, in the U.S., studied the brains of 49 children aged nine and ten using a magnetic resonance imaging scan (核磁共振攝影掃描), a technique which provides very detailed pictures of organs and tissues in the body.
　　They also tested the fitness levels of the children by making them run on a treadmill (跑步機(jī)). The scientists found that the hippocampus, a part of the brain responsible for memory and learning, was around 12 percent larger in the fitter children.
　　Professor Art Kramer, who led the study published in the journal Brain Research, said the findings had important implications for encouraging individuals to take part in sport from a young age. “We knew that experience and environmental factors and socioeconomic status all impact brain development,” he said. “If you get some terrible genes from your parents, you can’t really fix that, and it’s not easy to do something about your economic status. But here’s something that we can do something about.”
小題1: If you want to improve your children’s result in school, ____________.

A．it is worse to ensure that they do plenty of exercise

B．you can have their brain scanned

C．it could be better to make sure that they do a lot of exercise

D．you can do a lot except ensuring that they do exercise

小題2: According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．The fitness level of the children is linked to their intelligence.

B．Children who have a larger hippocampus will probably have better memories.

C．You can do something about the genes from your parents.

D．Unhealthy children will probably have a smaller hippocampus than others.

小題3:All the following factors that have some influence on one’s brain are mentioned EXCEPT ____________.

A．genetic factor

B．economic status

C．physical fitness

D．economic development

The German shepherd runs off and noses around in the grass of Kenya’s Laikipia Plateau. “OK, Oakley,” the dog’s handler orders, “Find it!”
Oakley sniffs (嗅) until he comes to a bush, then stops, sits, and looks up at his handler. She bends to see what he has found: the waste of an endangered African wild dog. “Good dog!” she praises. The handler pulls a tennis ball from her pocket. Oakley jumps for his reward.
“He doesn’t actually want the waste,” says Aimee Hurt, a founding member of the U.S.-based group Working Dogs for Conservation. Hurt is in Kenya to train both Oakley and his handler. “He finds it so he can play with his ball. We’re the ones who want the waste.”
Detection dogs are sometimes taught to locate actual animals. Black-footed ferrets (雪貂) have been studied with their help. But more often the dogs learn to locate the waste of creatures such as bears, wolves and mountain lions.
What the dogs find provides scientists with data about a species. Scientists can use the DNA collected from animal waste to identify individuals, sex, and population sizes — all without ever seeing the animal itself. “It can take years to gather this kind of information if you have to trap animals,” Hurt explains.
Waste analysis might make a huge difference when wild species are accused of attacking domestic livestock (家畜). Hurt says, “A good detection dog will find the waste so we can see what the animal is actually eating.” This may help reduce problems between people and wildlife.
小題1: The underlined word “She” in Paragraph 2 refers to  “_____”.

A．the German shepherd

B．a(chǎn)n African wild dog

C．Aimee Hurt

D．the handler

小題2: Oakley is interested in finding the waste because _____.

A．he wants to study endangered animals

B．he can get a tennis ball to play with

C．he wants to eat it

D．he wants to play with it

小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Trapping animals is not difficult.

B．People are making efforts to protect the environment.

C．Detection dogs attack domestic livestock frequently.

D．Collecting animal waste is a good way to gather information.

小題4:What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Detection dogs can help scientists study wildlife.

B．Detection dogs can defend wildlife.

C．Detection dogs can help the police catch the criminals.

D．Detection dogs can help local people defend domestic livestock.

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
　　　　　　　　　　　Ａ
Researchers who helped discover a new species of Mexican butterfly are offering to sell the naming rights to raise money to fund more research. Co-discoverer Andrew Warren is hoping to raise at least $50,000 by auctioning(拍賣) off the rights to name the 4-inch “owl eye” butterfly, which lives in Sonora, a Mexican state bordering Arizona.
“That would support at least two years of research for our team down in Mexico,” Warren said. “Money goes a long way down here in Mexico.”
According to the scientific tradition, discoverers of a new species have the say in naming it. In recent years, some discoverers have auctioned off their naming rights to raise money.
Warren said the amount being sought for the butterfly is not out of the question, noting that naming rights for a new monkey species brought in $650,000 two years ago. A group of 10 new fish species that went on the naming auction block at the same time earlier this year brought in a total of $2 million.
The butterfly discovered by Warren and researcher George Austin ranges as far north as Mexico.
The butterfly was actually in a collection, misidentified as an example of another new species, at the McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity at the Florida Museum of National History in Gainesville, said Warren. They soon began the hard process of determining that it was indeed a “new” model of butterfly.
After checking photos and comparing it with other known species, they determined it was a separate species.
小題1:Where did the researchers discover the new species of butterflies?

A．In Sonora.	B．In Mexico state.
C．In a place in US.	D．Near the US-Mexico border.

小題2: Why will the researchers sell the naming rights of the butterfly?

A．To raise money for wildlife protection.

B．To raise money for more research.

C．To cause people’s attention to the new discovery.

D．To cover the cost of the research.

小題3:When the butterfly was first discovered, people thought ______.

A．it was a new species at once

B．it wasn’t a species of American butterfly

C．it belonged to the monarch branches

D．it belonged to a new species

小題4: We can infer from the passage that ______.

A．the new species of butterfly live both in the US and Mexico

B．it took the researchers a lot of efforts to determine the new species of butterfly

C．the researchers are not sure whether they can get the money they want from the auction

D．it is the first time that the new species of butterfly has been found

Annie had just begun school. Her parents were tired of the methods they were using to correct her behavior, including scolding (訓(xùn)斥), and taking away privileges (特權(quán)). Annie still needed to be scolded for her bad behavior, but her parents felt the good things she did needed to be recognized. So, they began to spend more time recognizing the improvements (改進(jìn)) in Annie’s behavior and the good things she did every day rather than like before when they only noticed her bad behavior. Within a few weeks Annie began to change her attitude and her behavior improved.
Praise is one of the most powerful tools parents can use to teach their children good skills and help them grow. Praise works well when it is given and when you remember to use it frequently. It is important to praise all good behavior. Look for the good things your child does. Praise will have a lot of effects on your child. Use the 4 to 1 rule. For every bad behavior you notice, find four good behaviors or reasons to praise. It is a good way to remember to look for good behavior.
Remember to praise the things your child has already done well, or improvements in his behavior and new skills. Show your agreement by smiling and touching his shoulder or back. Be sure to say what your child did well in detail. Tell your child how good behavior helps and that it is liked by others.
小題1:What was the result of recognizing Annie’s good behavior?

A．She started to correct her bad behavior.

B．She was tired of her parents’ scolding.

C．She was not scolded for her bad behavior.

D．She spent more time praising her good behavior.

小題2:When praising children’s good behavior, parents should do the following EXCEPT __________.

A．praising their children for what they did in detail

B．encouraging their children to go on doing good things

C．telling their children more about their bad behavior

D．praising their children in a good way with smiles

小題3:What can we learn from the passage?

A．Praising is a better way than scolding.

B．Annie was a middle school student.

C．Annie’s parents are education experts.

D．Parents should not often show agreement.

小題4:The best title for this passage would be ____________.

A．How to Praise a Good Child

B．A Good Method of Praising Children

C．Praise More and Scold Less

D．The Importance of Good Behavior

Lichens (地衣) are difficult to see. They don’t move. They often mix into the living place. You might not even recognize one if you are looking right at it.
Lichens live on rocks, branches, houses, and even metal street signs. You can find these colorful organisms (微生物) almost everywhere — from deserts to rainforests, and from Antarctica to Africa. They’ve traveled in outer space, and some scientists think there might even be lichens on Mars.
What you probably don’t realize is that a lichen is more than a single thing. It includes two different types of living organisms: a fungus (菌類) and an alga (藻類). Neither of these organisms is a plant, so the lichen isn’t a plant either.
Through photosynthesis (光合作用), the alga gets the sun’s energy to make food for the fungus, which is the place for the alga to live in. However, the alga cannot leave the fungus.
Around the world, scientists have found tens of thousands of types of lichens. Many may not even have been discovered yet. As scientists continue to find new kinds of lichens, they are also working to understand how they are connected to one another. By putting together a lichen family tree, they hope to understand why so many different types of lichens have grown in so many places around the world.
Many researchers are trying to understand basic facts about the organisms and their connections. Researchers are also using lichens to examine the health of the environment.
小題1:What do we know about lichens according to the passage?

A．They will die if they leave Earth.

B．There are more lichens than plants on Earth.

C．They look similar to the environment around them.

D．They are too small to be easily seen by people.

小題2:What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A．The way lichens live.

B．The natural environment of lichens.

C．The way lichens work as organisms.

D．The family tree of lichens.

小題3:Which of the following statements is NOT the scientists’ purposes of studying lichens?

A．To understand basic facts about them.

B．To creat a lichen family tree.

C．To understand how lichens are related to each other.

D．To understand why lichens can live in different places.

小題4:We can know from the passage that __________.

A．lichens can be used to better understand the environment

B．lichens don’t have any differences in colors or sizes

C．lichens don’t use photosynthesis like a green plant

D．scientists have discovered every kind of lichen

In 1886 explorer Robert Peary traveled to Greenland for the U.S. Navy. Before his journey, no one knew Greenland’s size or shape. On Peary’s first trips, he explored Greenland, mapping parts of it.
When Peary returned to the United States, he went to a businessman to sell some furs. There he met Matthew Henson, an African American mechanic, builder and navigator. When Peary went to Nicaragua on a Navy mission(任務(wù)),Henson went with him. When that job was over, the two headed to the Arctic.
Henson and Peary set sail for Greenland. When they landed, Henson built a house for their base camp. Peary and his men set out to explore the land by dog sledge(雪橇). Henson was injured and had to stay at the base. While there, he made friends with the Inuit, the native people.
In 1895 Henson, Peary and Hugh Lee went out on another dog sledge journey. This time, they found Greenland’s northernmost point. They now knew that the North Pole lay under the frozen Arctic Ocean. Peary had hoped to cross the ice. but the group ran out of food and returned to base camp. In the years that followed, Peary and Henson tried several times to reach the North Pole, but each time they failed. On one trip, Peary’s feet froze, and he lost his toes（腳趾）.
Peary and Henson planned last trip when Peary was 53 years old. They started across the sea ice from Ellesmere Island, which is located（位于） north of Canada. The temperature dropped as low as—51 degrees Celsius. The explores’ cheeks froze , and they suffered snow blindness from the sun’s glare. They experienced high winds and storms, and they also faced a hidden danger. Under the frozen ocean were powerful currents（潮流）. The ice moved and broke apart leaving open water, called leads. Twice Peary fell into leads. But eventually he and Henson became the first persons to reach the North Pole.
小題1: What did Peary and Henson find in 1895?

A．Greenland is near the Artic Ocean.

B．Ellesmere Island is located north of Canada.

C．The North Pole is located in the Artic Ocean.

D．Greenland’s northernmost point is the North Pole.

小題2: Which of the following words can be used to describe Peary?

A．Determined.

B．Modest.

C．Generous.

D．Honest.

小題3:What was the potential danger that Peary and Henson faced on their last trip?

A．Snow blindness.

B．High winds.

C．Storms.

D．Leads.

小題4:The best title for the passage might be “____”.

A．The mapping of the Arctic Ocean.

B．Peary and Henson: Arctic explorers

C．Early explorers’ trips to the South Pole

D．Henson and Peary: discoverers of Greenland

First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway, and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱)injury and paralysis(癱瘓).
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病)or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim’s condition is known by the acronym(首字母縮寫詞)ABC, which stands for:
A---Airway: is it open and clear?
B---Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feel for breathing.
C---Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding extremely? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
小題1: First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT____.

A．saving a victim’s life

B．preventing a victim’s condition from getting worse.

C．relieving a victim from pain

D．helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury

小題2: Before we administer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us ____.

A．to make sure what to do and what not to do

B．to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid

C．to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing

D．to take him/her to a hospital at once

小題3:In administering first aid to a victim, you should first of all ____.

A．remove him from the accident scene	B．turn him over
C．call for professional medical help	D．examine him carefully

小題4:The purpose of the passage is to tell the reader _____.

A．the importance of protecting the accident scene

B．some basic facts about first aid

C．what professional medical help is

D．who can offer first aid