Question

I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves．One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community．Both had died “full of years”, as the Bible would say．Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence （吊唁） calls on the two families on the same afternoon.
At the first home, the son of the deceased （已故的） woman said to me, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today．It’s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today．That long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take．It’s my fault that she’s dead.”
You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty．Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course — keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation — would have turned out better．After all, how could it have turned out any worse?
There seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty．The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens．That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.
The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen．It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault．The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.
A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it．He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks．He cries, and someone comes to attend to him．When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him．Very often, we do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.
小題1:The author had to hold the two women’s funerals probably because __________________.

A．he wanted to comfort the two families

B．he was an official from the community

C．he had great pity for the deceased

D．he was priest of the local church

小題2:People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because _______________________.

A．they couldn’t find a better way to express their sorrow

B．they believe that they were responsible

C．they had neglected the natural course of events

D．they didn’t know things often turn out in the opposite direction

小題3:According to the passage, the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably means that ______.

A．everything in the world is predetermined

B．the world can be interpreted in different ways

C．there’s an explanation for everything in the world

D．we have to be sensible in order to understand the world

小題4:What’s the main idea of the passage?

A．Life and death is an unsolved mystery.

B．Every story should have a happy ending.

C．Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault.

D．In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away .

Answer 1

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:C

試題分析：
小題1:這是推理理解題。根據(jù)One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community．Both had died “full of years”, as the Bible would say．既然按照圣經(jīng)說……，又因?yàn)镮 had to hold two funerals故選D。
小題2:這是細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)It’s my fault that she died. It’s my fault that she’s dead.故選B。
小題3:這是細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.故選C。
小題4:這是主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves．又根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二自然段，還有通讀短文的大意，故選C。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：文中敘述了作者的觀點(diǎn)，不要把親人的去世看成是自己的過錯(cuò)，每個(gè)人都有生老病死，遵循自然規(guī)律而生活著。主旨大意題主要是測(cè)試考生對(duì)一篇文章或一段文字的深層理解程度以及在速讀中準(zhǔn)確把握文章主旨大意的能力。一般針對(duì)某一語段或某一語篇的主題標(biāo)題或目的設(shè)題。這類題目考查的范圍是：基本論點(diǎn)、文章標(biāo)題、主題或段落大意等。