Question

閱讀理解 　　It was once thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories or heavy automobile traffic．Today, we know that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is literally worldwide．On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the entire eastern half of the United States and led to health warning even in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic．In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be affected by air pollution．Some scientists feel that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels(coal and oil)is creating a “greenhouse effect” holding in heat reflected from the earth and raising the world's average temperature．If this view is correct and the world's temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be under water． 　　Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particulate matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth's temperature－a result that would be equally disastrous．A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to new ice age and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas．At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen(though one recent government report prepared by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very likely)．Perhaps, if we are very lucky, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world's temperature will stay about the same as it is now． (1) As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution ________． [　　] A． caused widespread damage in the countryside B． affected the entire eastern half of the United States C． had damaging effects on health D． existed just in urban and industrial areas (2) As far as the greenhouse effect is concerned, the author ________． [　　] A． shares the same view with the scientists B． is uncertain of its occurrence C． rejects it as being rootless D． thinks that it will destroy the world soon (3) The world “offset”(the last sentence)could best be replaced by ________． [　　] A． burn down B． set up C． make up for D． catch up with (4) We can learn from the passage that ________． [　　] A． raising the world's temperature a few degrees would not do harm to life on earth B． lowering the world's temperature only a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disaster C． the author believes that the world's temperature will remain constant in the years to come D． the concentration of carbon dioxide would certainly block sunlight (5) This passage is primarily concerned with ________． [　　] A． the greenhouse effect B． the burning of fossil fuels C． the possible effect of air pollution D． the probability of a new ice age

Answer 1

答案：1．D;2．B;3．C;4．B;5．C;
解析：

(1)	本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段開(kāi)頭一句可知人們過(guò)去曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為空氣污染只發(fā)生在都市和工業(yè)區(qū)。
(2)	本題考查作者態(tài)度。根據(jù)第二段中的“At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen．”可知作者不確定兩種觀點(diǎn)中的任何一種,自然也不確定溫室效應(yīng)的存在。
(3)	本題考查猜測(cè)詞義。一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為地球溫度會(huì)上升，另一種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為地球溫度會(huì)降低，因此如果二者互相“彌補(bǔ)”，地球溫度可能會(huì)保持目前的狀態(tài)。
(4)	本題考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第二句可判斷此項(xiàng)正確。第二段最后部分是說(shuō)假如非常幸運(yùn)，地球的溫度將保持現(xiàn)狀，但這只是假設(shè)，所以C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。
(5)	[解析]本題考查主旨大意。兩種觀點(diǎn)都能自圓其說(shuō)，所以選擇此項(xiàng)。其余三項(xiàng)都是其中一種觀點(diǎn)中涉及到的內(nèi)容，不具有概括性。 　　[文章大意]空氣污染究竟會(huì)導(dǎo)致什么樣的后果?有人認(rèn)為冰川將會(huì)融化，有人則認(rèn)為世界將變成冰川，孰是孰非?難以預(yù)料。也許最好的結(jié)局是二者能夠互相中和。