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Pollution means adding dirty or harmful things to land, air, water and so on. As a result, they are no longer pleasant or safe to use. Pollution is bad for animals and plants, and it even makes people’s health in danger. In our daily life, we can see different kinds of pollution in many places. There are three main forms of pollution: land pollution, air pollution and water pollution. 
Land pollution is caused by solid waste, such as cans, bottles and some plastic things which aren’t broken down quickly. It makes the environment look very bad. However, air pollution is more serious than land pollution. It is much worse in cities and towns because of the fumes(廢氣) from traffic and the waste from human activities. When people drive their cars, fumes which are most made up of CO2, NO2 and SO2 are given off. After the gases get into the air, they may mix with clouds. Then they will become some harmful chemicals (化合物) falling on the ground with rain. It is one of the reasons for soil erosion (土壤侵蝕) which is one example of water pollution.
Various kinds of pollution will cause many health problems. People have realized they must change this serious situation. There are many ways to control pollution. To develop alternative energy is very popular in many countries. China, for example, has made up its mind to be a leader in this field. It is trying hard to make full use of energy from the sun and wind. It has paid plenty of money to make electric cars and trains instead of traditional traffic. We should also take action to make our environment cleaner every day. Take cloth bags while going shopping and drive cars less. We have only one earth. We must take steps now to help protect our environment for the future wherever we are.
小題1:How many main forms of pollution are mentioned in the passage?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

小題2:Why is air pollution much worse in cities and towns?

A．Because of the cans and bottles that people throw away.

B．Because of the plastic things which aren’t broken down quickly.

C．Because of the fumes made up of SO2, CO2 and O2.

D．Because of the waste from human activities and the fumes from traffic.

小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Pollution hardly does harm to humans.

B．China doesn’t want to develop alternative energy.

C．Air pollution will cause soil erosion and water pollution.

D．Land pollution is only caused by solid waste.

小題4:To make our environment cleaner, we shouldn’t __________.

A．use cloth bags while shopping	B．ride a bike to school
C．drive a car out every day	D．go to work on foot

小題5:The main idea of this passage is _________.

A．to introduce different forms of pollution and ways to control it

B．to introduce the harmful chemicals and the solid waste

C．to introduce the alternative energy and the ways to use it

D．to introduce the electric cars and traditional traffic

New rules and behaviour standards (行為規(guī)范) for middle school students came out in March. Middle school is going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won't only have high marks. They will also be kids who don't dye (染) their hair, smoke or drink. Here are some of the new rules. 
Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else's work on an exam? Don't do it again! That's not honest. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don't tell your parents that you have done homework.
Do more at school. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird-Loving Month in our country. Is your school doing anything to celebrate? You should join! That way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them. Have you ever quarreled（吵架）with your teammates when your basketball team lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, not only yourself.
Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Perhaps you'll discover（發(fā)現(xiàn)） Earth II someday. Don't look down at anyone. Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.
Protect yourself. Has someone ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don't let it happen to you. If you have to go home late, you should let your parents know.
Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. But some things on the Internet aren't for kids, so try to look at Web pages that are good for you. You can use the Web for fun or homework.
小題1:According to the passage, which of the following is not true?

A．Take care of yourself when you are out.	B．Tell the truth, even when you are wrong.
C．Keep some animals to protect them.	D．Use the Internet, but keep away from bad thing

小題2:The main idea of the fourth paragraph is about         .

A．making the team stronger	B．working together with others
C．being a good friend to others	D．getting on well with others

小題3:The passage tells us how to         .

A．be top students	B．do more at school
C．care for others	D．use the Internet

閱讀短文，根據(jù)意思，判斷所給句子的正誤。正確的寫T，錯誤的寫F。并在答題卡上將T或F寫在對應(yīng)題號的方格內(nèi)。 
As I am now a middle school student, I have many friends, but there is one I like best. I first met him when I began to go to school.
Though he looks serious, he is interesting. Often he is clever, sometimes even much fun. He knows every language in the world, all the things in history, and the words of all the great articles. Everyone who knows him loves him. To me, he is a great teacher as well as a good friend.
My friend is always ready to help me. Though I may be not very smart, I can ask him for help again and again. When I am bored, he tells me something interesting. When I am lonely, he always stays with me. He is a friend not only to me but to all the people around the world.
Do you want to know his name? His name is “Reading.
小題1:The writer thinks his best friend looks serious.
小題2:The writer’s best friend only knows one language.
小題3:The writer’s best friend doesn’t help people who are not smart.
小題4:When the writer feels bored, his best friend tells him something interesting.
小題5:The writer’s best friend is “Reading”.

A taboo(忌諱，禁忌) is a social action that is not allowed. Every culture in the world has its own taboos. The breaking of a taboo sometimes makes people feel uncomfortable. I learned this through my own experience.
Last weekend, Wang Lin and I showed two foreigners around our city. Mr Singh was from India and Mr. White from USA. When I held out my left hand to shake hands with him, Mr. Singh seemed to be unhappy. Mr. White, however, was quite casual. He said hello to me with a big smile and a wave of his hand.
In the evening, we stopped at a restaurant for dinner. I noticed that Mr. Singh didn’t touch the beef and Mr. White seemed not to like chickens’ claws. During the meal, Wang Lin said sorry to Mr. Singh and continued to explain that we didn’t know it was a taboo in India to shake one’s left hand. Mr. Singh explained that since oxen are sacred(神圣的) in India, people don’t eat beef there. Mr. White joined in and said that it was not usual in the states for people to eat chickens’ claws. He went on to say that Americans don’ t usually get into each other’ s personal space. Marriage, job and age are their taboos. Isn’ t it a good lesson to remember?

Main idea	The taboos in every country are ____小題1:_____. People sometimes feel     ____小題2:____  if one breaks a taboo.
Facts	In India	Indians don’ t eat ____ 小題3:___because they think oxen are sacred. It’ s   小題4:    to shake one’ s left hand.
	In the USA	Although it’ s not a taboo, Americans  小題5:  eat chickens’ claws
		Americans don’ t usually get into each other’ s personal space. For example, they usually don’t ask someone else’s  小題6:  , job or   小題7:    .
Conclusion	If you pay    小題8:  to taboos, you can get on  小題9:  with the people with different   小題10:   .

 

SPACE is a lonely place. Hundreds of thousands of kilometers from home, astronauts have a hard life. It stands to reason that, once in a while, they need to have a good cry. But this is a lot harder than it sounds.
We still know very little about space, and about living in zero gravity. In fact, we are discovering new things every time astronauts take to the skies (and beyond). As The Atlantic reported in January, crying is not all that simple in space. This is because when a person normally cries,  gravity makes their tears move downwards. But in a spacecraft, this is not the case. Here, there is no gravity, which is why we so often see pictures of astronauts floating around. This means that, strangely, when you cry your tears have nowhere to go. As a result, they just stick to your eyes.
In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this. “Tears,” as he said, “don’t fall off your eye… they just kind of stay there. ” This can be quite painful. In space, your eyes get very dry, and the added moisture is irritating (氣人的). Sometimes, things get even weirder(更怪異的). The astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic that when tears get big enough, they “break free of the eye and float around”.
No one can be quite sure why we cry. Why should water in our eyes have anything to do with feeling sad? If you stop to think about it, crying is a very strange thing indeed. And now, thanks to the wonders of space, it just got even stranger.
小題1:The first paragraph mainly wants to tell us that       .

A．living in space is lonely

B．it’s easy to feel sad in space

C．it’s hard to cry in space

D．nobody wants to live in space

小題2:If astronauts cry in spacecraft, their tears will       .

A．move downwards	B．move upwards
C．go out of the window	D．stick to their eyes

小題3:Astronauts feel       if tears are always in their eyes.

A．sad

B．comfortable

C．happy

D．uncomfortable

小題4:What can we learn from the passage?

A．In space our eyes are very wet.

B．Tears will float around if they are big enough in space.

C．People know everything about living in zero gravity.

D．Gravity makes people’s tears move upwards in space.

閱讀短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在短文后圖表中的空格里填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~
Trees should be pruned(修剪)when it is necessary. A good gardener will cut away the overgrown and unwanted branches(樹枝). They can make the trees more beautiful and healthier. But sometimes we’d better leave the trees to grow in their own way. Because the inexperienced gardeners will damage(毀壞) the trees.
First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees in good shape or size. Maybe people want to get a tree of the right height and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches. Then people can make the tree’s appearance thick or give it a special shape.
Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead branches. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up (封閉)the center and so stopping the free movement of air.
One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy chance for disease, but the wound will heal(愈合). Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is in danger. Every gardener should try to reduce that danger of death as soon as possible. It is important to make the area, which has been pruned, smooth and clean, because healing will be slowed down by roughness(粗糙). You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then pain it with one of the special materials. Pruning is usually done in winter, because you can see the shape of the tree clearly and also it is very unlikely(未必的) that the cuts you make will bleed. If this happens, it is impossible to paint them properly(合適地).

Pruning trees
A good gardener prunes a tree when it is  【小題1】
【小題2】   for pruning trees	First, make the trees in   【小題3】    shape or size.
	Second, make the trees  【小題4】
One 【小題5】  of pruning trees.	An open wound   【小題6】   easy 【小題7】   for disease.
Reduce the danger of the tree’s death	Make the wound 【小題8】  and clean.
The   【小題9】   of the death of a tree	Paint the wound  【小題10】   it dries.

 

Do you feel lonely when your best friend isn’t around? Here’s our advice to you-- and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.
It’ s hard when a best friend isn’t around—maybe because he or she moved to a different school or a different class. You may feel left out at break or lunchtime. You want to have new friends, but how do you make them? Maybe it seems like everybody else already has his or her friends. But remember, there’s always room for more friends.
Start by looking around your classroom—think about which kids you’d like to play with at break. Look for chances to say hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to share something or express your appreciation (欣賞) to them. Invite someone to play with you or say “Do you want to sit here?” in the lunchroom. When you’re at break, walk over to kids you want to play with, act friendly, and say “Hi, can I play, too?” or just join in.
If you have trouble doing this or if you’re feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be kind, be friendly, share, say nice things, offer to help—and pretty soon, you’ll have one, or two, or even more new friends.
You might still miss that special best friend. But when you see each other, you can share something you didn’t have before he or she left: You can introduce him or her to your new friends!
小題1:Which of the following can explain the expression “feel left out”?

A．Feel homesick.	B．Feel lonely.
C．Leave home alone.	D．Be hungry.

小題2:According to the writer, some kids feel lonely at break because they    .

A．have trouble with their studies

B．don’t have their best friends around

C．need their parents to be with them

D．a(chǎn)re too young to look after themselves

小題3:The underline word “this” in Paragraph 4 means     .

A．sharing your ideas

B．talking in front of many people

C．studying better at school

D．developing new friendship

小題4:Some kids need help from teachers to make friends because    .

A．they miss their old friends a lot

B．they have no time to stay with others

C．teachers know who wants a new friend

D．they are shy or not good at making friends

Spring is an inviting season for outdoor activities. But be careful—the warm weather is also a hotbed for viruses(病毒) and disease.  
This March, the influenza(流行性感冒) A(H7N9) virus hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It was reported that by April 11 at least 35 people had been infected (被感染的) with the H7N9 virus, and nine of them had died.
The influenza A (H7N9) virus is one type of influenza A H7 viruses. Influenza A H7 viruses normally spread among birds.
This is the first time human infections with H7N9 viruses have been reported in China. Earlier reports were about H5N1 and H1N1.
All the three viruses are influenza A viruses but they are not the same. H7N9 and H5N1 are animal influenza viruses that could infect people. However, H1N1 viruses can be divided into two groups. One group can normally infect people and the other normally infects animals. Also, H1N1 can spread from human to human, but H7N9 probably can’t, according to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Most people infected with H7N9 looked like they had the common flu. Some people had bad pneumonia(肺炎). They suffered from a fever, a cough and shortness of breath.
But don’t be afraid – it is not easy to be infected with the virus. One of the possible reasons is close contact with sick poultry (家禽) waste. People may also be infected through breath, according to National Health and Family Planning Commission.
Here are some tips from the WHO that can protect you from being infected.
Wash your hands with soap and running water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after touching animals or animal waste.
When coughing or sneezing cover your mouth and nose with a mask(口罩)，tissue(紙巾) or a sleeve.
Get a good rest and do exercises, which will help make your body strong enough to stand up to the virus.
小題1:What’s the name of the influenza virus that hit Shanghai, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang this March?

A．It is the H7N9 virus.	B．It is the H5N1 virus.
C．It is the H1N1 virus.	D．It is A H7 virus.

小題2:How many people had died by April 11according to the report?

A．About 35.	B．About 9.
C．About 44.	D．Nobody had died.

小題3:What’s the Chinese meaning for “stand up to” in the last paragraph?

A．起立

B．站著

C．抵抗

D．向上

小題4:Which is NOT true about protecting us from being infected by animal influenza viruses?

A．Wash our hands with soap and running water before we eat, after we use the toilet, and after touching animals or animal waste.

B．When we cough or sneeze we should cover our mouths and noses with a mask，tissue or a sleeve.

C．We should get a good rest and do exercises to make our bodies strong enough.

D．We should try to eat much and sleep much as possible as we can.

閱讀填詞 (共10小題，每題1分，滿分10分)
閱讀短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在短文后圖表中的空格里填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~
Never go into a supermarket hungry! This is a good piece of advice. If you go shopping for food before lunchtime, you’ll probably buy more than you plan to. Unluckily, however, just this advice isn’t enough for consumers (消費者) these days. Modern shoppers need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store. First, you check the weekly newspaper advertisements. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need these things. In other words, don’t buy anything just because it’s cheaper than usual! “New and improved!” or “All Natural” on the front of a package (包裝) influence you. Instead, read the list of ingredients (原料) on the back. Third, compare prices: that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands(商標(biāo)、牌子) and different size of the same brand.
Another suggestions for consumers is to buy ordinary items(商品) instead of famous brands. Ordinary items in supermarkets come in ordinary packages. These products are cheaper because producers don’t spend much money on packing or advertising.
The quality, however, is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren’t very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing room, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores(百貨商店).
Wise consumers read magazine ads and watch TV commercial (廣告), but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology (心理) behind the ads. In other words, well-informed(消息靈通的) consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions. Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page? Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image? With the answer to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.

Main topic: suggestions for   小題1:
Suggestions	Never go into a supermarket when you 小題2: hungry!	Need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store.	Buy ordinary items instead of famous 小題3:	Read ads with   小題4:  of the psychology behind the ads.
小題5: for the suggestions	It is 小題6: to buy more than you plan to	Consumers can make a wise小題7:	The prices of  小題8:   items are lower because producers spend   小題9: money on packaging.	Advertisers sometimes don’t tell the  小題10:

 

Even if you are naturally shy, these three tricks will help you to quickly build a new social circle in any new city.
1. Take pictures
One of the great things about taking pictures at an event or a party is that it gives you an excuse to get in touch with the person later. Everybody loves seeing pictures of themselves, and it’s very easy after taking a picture to say “If you’d like I can email it to you”. This can be the seed that leads to new connections.
2. Eat alone in public
You might feel self-conscious eating by yourself but it has an important benefit: you are much easier to approach(接近) when you are alone. People may be afraid of disturbing you or being rude if you talk with someone else. Bring a book or newspaper to read. Plus, having an interesting book with you will give others an excuse tostart a conversation if they’ve read it.
3. Join a class, sports team, or club
Yoga, salsa dancing, volleyball, Toastmasters (a public speaking club), a class for work, etc. Choose a new hobby or continue an old one!
These are all great places to meet new people, primarily because you will be made to see the same people over and over again in the class. You will automatically make friends with them if you have a common interest and are made to see each other again.
小題1:How many tricks are mentioned in the passage?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

小題2:________ will give you an excuse to make friends with the person.

A．Taking photos	B．Eating alone in public
C．Joining a class	D．Reading an interesting book

小題3:The writer wants to tell you ______________.

A．how to make as many friends as you can

B．how to make friends in a new city quickly

C．how to build a social circle

D．how to start a conversation with others