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　　Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, and the life of American people. Most of the radio programmes are music. Pop or popular music singers make much money. They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in many places. Once the popular singer is heard all over the country, young people buy his or her tape. Some of the money from these tapes comes to the singer. Wherever the singer goes, all the young people want to meet him or her. Now the singer has become a national star. There are other kinds of music that are important to Americans. One is called folk music. It tells stories about the common life of Americans. Another is called western or country music. This was started by cowboys（牛仔）who would sing at night to the cows they were watching. Today, any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.

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　　This kind of cars can save a lot of gas（汽油）. They will go 450 kilometres, then they have to stop for more gas.

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　　Beethoven（貝多芬）was never afraid to show his feelings. Once when he was playing at a rich man's house, one of the listeners, a man of a good family, was talking to a girl. He liked girls more than music, and he didn't stop talking when Beethoven started to play. The voice was not a quiet one, and Beethoven could hear well in those days. The music stopped in the middle and Beethoven stood up. “I don't play for animals of this kind!” he cried. “No! Not for animals!” Then he walked out.

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　　Singapore welcomes visitors and tourists. When you come to visit Singapore, please keep the laws（法律）of this country. Here are some points that you must remember.

　　SMOKING: Cigarette（香煙）smoking is a danger to health. It is not allowed in lifts, cinemas, theatres, all government offices and on buses. If you break it, you have to pay fines（罰款）of up to ＄ 500.

　　LITTER: Singapore is the Garden City Of Asia--clean and green. Dropping litter in public places is not allowed. You can be fined up to ＄ 500 for dropping litter--even if it is only a piece of waste paper or a cigarette end.

　　LONG HAIR: Men visitors should not have hair longer than the top of their shirt collar（衣領(lǐng)）. Long-haired men will be served last of all in government offices.

　　JAYWALKING（違規(guī)穿越馬路）: You must always use the pedestrian crossing（人行橫道）. You can be fined ＄ 50 for crossing the street less than 50 metres from a crossing. These laws are also for children who are old enough to be in the street on their own.

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(3)Tourists from other countries will not be punished（受罰）when they break the laws in Singapore.

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　　There is a public library in every town in the United States. Most of them are tall buildings with so many large bright rooms. Anyone may borrow books. In some places you may borrow as many books as you need, but in others you are limited（限制）to a certain number of books including novels. You may keep the books you have borrowed for several weeks.

　　The latest novels are always in great demand（要求）, and nonfiction（散文文學(xué)）books, for example, books on history, driving, science and gardening are also very popular.

　　Most public libraries also have a reading room and a reference（參考）library. In the reading room there are tables and desks at which you can sit and read the daily newspapers and all the other important periodicals（期刊）: weeklies, monthlies and quarterlies. But you should take good care of your eyesight（視力）.

　　In the reference library there are encyclopaedias（百科全書）, dictionaries, atlases（地圖冊(cè)）and other useful books. But you can only use these books, you can't take them out.

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　　1970 was World Conservation（保護(hù)）Year. The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world is in danger. They hoped that government（政府）would act quickly to conserve nature（保護(hù)自然）. Here is one example of the problem. At one time there were 1 300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland but now only 866 remain（剩余）. The others have been destroyed by modern man and his technology. We are changing the earth, the air, water and everything that grows and lives. We can't live without these things. If things go like this, we shall destroy（破壞）ourselves.

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(3)434 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland disappeared（消失）.

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　　Thomas Edison made more than 1,000 inventions in his life. Many of his inventions have changed the world His first invention was a rote recorder in 186(9) This machine allowed people to place a vote by pressing a button instead of saying “yes” or “no”. However, American government officials（政府官員）did not like Edison's invention because they liked to call out their votes. Edison learned a lesson: he told himself never again to invent something people did not want.

　　Edison started a company with his friend, Franklin Pope, to make fire and burglar alarms to use with the telegraph. At this company, Edison was busy from early morning until late at night. He often said, “There is no substitute（替代物）for hard work.” He invented a telegraph to print the price of gold and silver. He sold it to the Western Union Company for 15,000 US dollars.

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