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-Hello! Can I speak to Bill? -Sorry, he isn’t in. He ______ Macao on business.

A. has gone to B. has gone

C. has been to D. has been

A

【解析】

試題分析:句意:——你好!我能與比爾通電話嗎?——對不起,他不在家。他去澳門出差了。has gone to去了某地,還沒有回來。has been to去過某地,已經(jīng)回來。根據(jù)he isn’t in.可知他去了還沒有回來。故選A。

考點(diǎn):考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析的用法。

考點(diǎn)分析: 考點(diǎn)1:動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)是一種語法范疇,是用表示各種時(shí)間和動(dòng)作方面的動(dòng)詞形式。 時(shí)間有四個(gè)主要部分,即現(xiàn)在、過去、將來和過去將來。動(dòng)作方面也有四種,即一般、完成、進(jìn)行和完成進(jìn)行。將這些時(shí)間與動(dòng)作方面組合在一起,即構(gòu)成16種時(shí)態(tài)。 (一) 動(dòng)詞是謂語動(dòng)所表示的動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生時(shí)間的各種形式。英語動(dòng)詞有16種時(shí)態(tài),但是常用的只有9種:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。下面分別介紹。  1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法  1) 表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作;表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征和真理。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等時(shí)間狀語。 2) 在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 3) 有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(句中都帶有時(shí)間狀語),但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞,如:begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。 4) 表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 5) 書報(bào)的標(biāo)題、小說等情節(jié)介紹常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。  2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法   1) 表示過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或過反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 2)表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 ,也可用 “used to “ 和“would + 動(dòng)詞原形”。 3.一般將來時(shí)的用法  1)一般將來時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其表達(dá)形式除了 “ will 或 shall + 動(dòng)詞原形 ”表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進(jìn)行的事。 2)“be to + 動(dòng)詞原形” 表示按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或征求對方意見。 3) “be about to  + 動(dòng)詞原形” 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,意為 be ready to do sth. 后面一般不跟時(shí)間狀語。 4) go , come , start, move, sail, leave, arrive ,stay 等可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 5) 某些動(dòng)詞(如come, go ,leave, arrive, start, get , stay 等)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也可表示將來。 4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法   1) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,由“to be + 現(xiàn)在分詞” 構(gòu)成。另外, “系動(dòng)詞 + 介詞或副詞” 也表示進(jìn)行時(shí)的意義。 2) 表示感覺、愿望和狀態(tài)的某些動(dòng)詞(如have, be , here, se, like 等 ) 一般不用進(jìn)行。 5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法   1) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去某一時(shí)刻、某一階段正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,由 “ was (were) + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。 6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由 “have + 過去分詞其使用有兩種情況:   1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說話之前已完成,但對現(xiàn)在有影響。句中沒有具體時(shí)間狀語。 2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開始于過去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會持續(xù)下去常用 for 和since表示一段時(shí)間的狀語或so far , now, today, this wek (month, year ) 等表示包括現(xiàn)在內(nèi)的狀語。 3)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)還可用時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中,表示將來某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作。 7.過去完成時(shí)的用法   1) 過去完成時(shí)由“had + 過去分詞”構(gòu)成。過去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 2)過去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還可表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或持續(xù)下去。 8.過去將來時(shí)的用法  過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 9.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由 “ have (has)+ been + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成,表示現(xiàn)在以前一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 試題屬性
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