The factory ________ for more than ten years.
A.open B.opened C. has been open D. was opened
C
【解析】
試題分析:句意為:這個工廠已經(jīng)開辦有10多年了。根據(jù)語境可知,這里表示的是一個從過去已經(jīng)開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作,應用現(xiàn)在完成時。結合選項可知應選C。
考點:考查現(xiàn)在完成時的用法。
考點分析: 考點1:動詞和動詞短語 就是表示動作和狀態(tài)的詞。根據(jù)其在句中的功能,動詞可分為四類,分別是:實義動詞、系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞。 動詞分類及用法 一、實義動詞 實義動詞又叫行為動詞,分成及物動詞和不及物動詞 。 1、及物動詞是必須帶賓語的動詞,可分為如下兩類。 1) 及物動詞+賓語例:I love my home. 我愛我家。 He bought an English dictionary. 他買了一本英語詞典。 2) 及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語例:She taught us maths. 她教我們數(shù)學。 My mother gave me a new pen. 母親給了我一支新鋼筆。提示:常用的能接雙賓語的及物動詞有:give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook等。 2、 不及物動詞不及物動詞不需要跟賓語,本身意義完整。例:She came last week. 她上周來的。 It is raining hard. 正下著大雨。 Class began at half past seven. 7點半開始上課。 What happened yesterday? 昨天發(fā)生了什么事? 3、同一動詞有時可用作及物動詞,有時可用作不及物動詞。例如:She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物動詞。) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物動詞。) 二、系動詞 系動詞不能單獨作謂語,后面必須跟表語構成合成式謂語。表語通常由名詞、形容詞,或相當于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語等充當,說明主語是什么或怎么樣。連系動詞有 be, seem, look, become, get, grow, feel, appear, remain, turn。 例如: The story sounds true. Those oranges taste good. 三、助動詞 協(xié)助主要動詞構成謂語動詞詞組的詞叫助動詞。 助動詞自身沒有詞義,不可單獨使用,只能在實義動詞和系動詞前構成謂語的時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及否定式和疑問式。它沒有對應的漢譯,例如: He doesn't like English. 他不喜歡英語。 (doesn't是助動詞,無詞義;like是主要動詞,有詞義) He is singing. 他在唱歌。(is是助動詞,無詞義,構成現(xiàn)在進行時) 四、情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表示說話人對有關行為或事物的態(tài)度和看法,認為其可能、應該或必要等,不能單獨作謂語,情態(tài)動詞后面加動詞原形。情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化, 情態(tài)動詞后面跟的動詞需用原形,否定式構成是在情態(tài)動詞后面加 "not"。常用的情態(tài)動詞有 : Can(could) (能,會) 如:I can swim. 我會游泳。 May(might) (可以) 如: You may go now. 你現(xiàn)在可以走了。 Must (必須) 如:You must do your homework. 你必須寫作業(yè)。 Need (需要) 如:He needs our help. 他需要我們的幫助。 注意:1、情態(tài)動詞表推測在肯定句中一般用must (一定),can, could(可能),might /may(也許,或許)。否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能)。例如: It can’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America. 這不可能是校長,他去美國了。 2、can和could表示允許的用法:表示現(xiàn)在的允許時,若是請求別人允許自己做某事,兩者均可用,但用could 語氣更委婉;若是自己允許別人做某事,一般只用 can,而不用 could。如: Can [Could] I come in? 我可以進來嗎? 3、must和have to的用法 表示必須、必要。(must表示主觀多一些而have to則表示客觀多一些)如: You must come in time. 你必須及時過來。 回答must引出的問句時,如果是否定的回答,不能用mustn't,而要用needn't或don't have to。 — Must we hand in our exercise books today? — Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to.) —我們今天必須交上練習冊嗎? —是的。(不,不必。) 4、need表示“需要”或“必須”,作情態(tài)動詞時,僅用于否定句或疑問句中,后跟動詞原形。Need還常用作實義動詞,有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化,后面通常接名詞、代詞和帶to的不定式, Do you need a dictionary? 你需要詞典嗎? You needn't give it back before Friday. 你不必在星期五前還我。 常見考法 對于動詞的考查,通常會在單選,詞語運用和完形填空中出現(xiàn)。除了考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)外,只要考查實義動詞的固定短語,系動詞和情態(tài)動詞的靈活運用。 典型例題:--Must I return the magazine to you right now,Sandy/ --No,you .you may keep it until next Wednesday. A. needn't B. can't C. must D. may 解析:本題考查情態(tài)動詞must構成的疑問句的回答方式。否定回答應該用 needn't 。 答案:A 誤區(qū)提醒 漢語和英語的動詞有較大差異,而學習者在學習是往往容易套用漢語,從而混淆意思相近而用法不同的詞或詞組,也容易混淆詞形相近而意思不同的詞或詞組,例如look for和find, listen和 hear。所以我們在學習中要認真分析不同的詞或詞組。 典型例題:They had to ___the 800--meter race because of the bad weather. A put on B put off C get on D get up 解析:本題考查四個動詞短語的區(qū)別。put on “穿上,戴上”; put off“推遲”; get on “上車”; get up“起床”。根據(jù)語境,應選put off。 答案:B 試題屬性科目:初中英語 來源:2014-2015學年江蘇江陰周莊中學七年級3月月考英語試卷(解析版) 題型:完形填空
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