化簡(jiǎn)或求值:
(1)3x2+2x-5x2+3x;
(2)5abc-2a2b-[3abc-3(4ab2+a2b)];
(3)當(dāng)x=-3時(shí),求3x2-2(2x2-x+1)+4(-3+x-x2)的值;
(4)已知a2+b2=6,ab=-2,求代數(shù)式(4a2+3ab-b2)-(7a2-5ab+2b2)的值.
解:(1)原式=-2x2+5x;
(2)5abc-2a2b-(3abc-12ab2-3a2b)
=5abc-2a2b-3abc+12ab2+3a2b
=12ab2+a2b+2abc;
(3)原式=3x2-4x2+2x-2-12+4x-4x2
=-5x2+6x-14,
當(dāng)x=-3時(shí),原式=-77.
(4)原式=4a2+3ab-b2-7a2+5ab-2b2
-3a2-3b2+8ab,
當(dāng)a2+b2=6,ab=-2時(shí),原式=-3×6+8×(-2)=-34.
分析:(1)直接進(jìn)行同類項(xiàng)的合并即可得出答案;
(2)先去括號(hào),然后合并同類項(xiàng)即可得出最簡(jiǎn)整式;
(3)先去括號(hào),然后合并同類項(xiàng),得出最簡(jiǎn)整式,最后代入x的值,即可得出答案;
(4)先去括號(hào),然后合并同類項(xiàng),整體代入可得出答案.
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題考查了整式的加減及化簡(jiǎn)求值的知識(shí),化簡(jiǎn)求值是課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中所規(guī)定的一個(gè)基本內(nèi)容,它涉及對(duì)運(yùn)算的理解以及運(yùn)算技能的掌握兩個(gè)方面,也是一個(gè)常考的題材.