解:(1)去括號(hào)得:3x+18=9-5+10x
移項(xiàng)得:3x-10x=9-5-18
合并同類項(xiàng)得:-7x=-14
則x=2;
(2)去分母得:2x+1=x+3-5
移項(xiàng),合并同類項(xiàng)得:x=-3;
(3)去分母得:10y+2(y+2)=20-5(y-1)
去括號(hào)得:10y+2y+4=20-5y+5
移項(xiàng),合并同類項(xiàng)得:17y=21
系數(shù)化為1得:

;
(4)原方程可以變形為:

-5x=-1
去分母得:17+20x-15x=-3
移項(xiàng),合并同類項(xiàng)得:5x=-20
系數(shù)化為1得:x=-4.
分析:(1)去括號(hào)以后,移項(xiàng),合并同類項(xiàng),系數(shù)化為1即可求解;
(2)(3)首先去掉分母,再去括號(hào)以后,移項(xiàng),合并同類項(xiàng),系數(shù)化為1以后即可求解;
(4)首先根據(jù)分?jǐn)?shù)的基本性質(zhì),把第一項(xiàng)分母中的0.3化為整數(shù),再去分母,求解.
點(diǎn)評(píng):解方程的過程中要注意每步的依據(jù),這幾個(gè)題目都是基礎(chǔ)的題目,需要熟練掌握.